Bio 301 Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers

Bio 301 Exam 1 Questions With Correct
Answers

DNA |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Deoxyribose |nucleic |acid



What |did |Mendel |discover? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-mid |1800s, |describe |inheritance |without |
knowing |anything |about |genetic |material



Chromosome |theory |of |inheritance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-inherited |traits |are |controlled |by |
genes |residing |on |chromosomes. |Genes |are |passed |on |through |gametes.



Gene |expression |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-process |from |genotype |to |phenotype



Order |of |operations |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Organism>cells>nucleus>chromosome |pair>long |
DNA |strand>double |helix |DNA



Central |Dogma |of |Genetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-DNA |is |transcribed |into |RNA |and |RNA |is |
translated |into |proteins



Euks |Transcription/Translation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-



Criteria |for |model |organisms |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |easy |to |grow

2. |short |life |cycle

3. |small!

4. |produce |many |offspring

,What |has |made |it |possible |to |develop |models |for |human |diseases? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Recombinant |DNA |technology |and |ability |to |transfer |DNA |across |species



Wild |type |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-normal |form |of |gene



Mutant |type |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-variants |from |the |normal |form |of |a |gene



Genomics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-analyzes |the |genome |sequences |to |study |the |structure |
function, |and |evolution |of |genes |and |genomes



What |requires |molecules |to |serve |as |genetic |material |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |replicate

2. |structure |information

3. |express |information

4. |allow |variation |by |mutation



Nucleotide |(and |what |it |is |made |of) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Building |blocks |to |DNA |

1. |a |nitrogenous |base

2. |pentose |sugar

3. |a |phosphate |group



Purines |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Adenine |(A) |and |Guanine |(G)



Pyrimidines |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Cytosine |(C), |Thymine |(T), |and |Uracil |(U)



What |is |an |obvious |way |DNA |and |RNA |are |different? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-RNA |has |Uracil |
and |DNA |has |Thymine

, Nucleoside |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Nitrogenous |base |and |a |pentose |sugar



How |many |phosphate |groups |can |nucleotides |have? |What |are |their |names? |And |which |is |the |
most |important? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1,2, |or |3 |phosphate |groups

called |NMPs, |NDPs, |and |NTPs

triphosphates |are |the |most |important |because |it |is |the |precursor |molecule |during |acid |
synthesis



How |are |Nucleotides |linked? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |phosphodiester |bond |between |
phosphate |groups |at |C-5' |position |and |a |hydroxide |group |in |the |C-3' |position |

(DNA |can |only |have |new |bases |added |to |the |3' |end)



Oligonecleotides |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-short |chains |(~20) |of |nucleotides



Polynucleotides |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-long |chains |of |nucleotides



Chargaff's |law |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A=T |and |G=C



Other |forms |of |DNA |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-aDNA |(more |compact)

bDNA(significant)

cDNA, |dDNA, |and |eDNA |(less |compact)

zDNA |(left |handed |double |helix)



mRNA |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-coding |template



rRNA |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-ribosome |components |(80% |of |cellular |RNA)