5383 praxis
Which of the following is the most common identifier of a specific learning disability in a
school-age student?
A. Average or below-average intelligence
B. Poor performance in all academic areas
C. A coexisting visual, hearing, or orthopedic impairment
D. A gap between potential and actual achievement - answer Option (D) is correct.
There appears to be a gap between the individual's potential and actual achievement.
The individual may be unable to demonstrate the skill level expected of him or her.
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are most likely to
A.have an obsessive interest in a single object or topic
B.have delayed fine motor skills and difficulty with written assignments
C.be unable to sit still for long periods of time
D.be unable to walk unassisted - answerOption (A) is correct. The question tests
knowledge of characteristics and defining factors of autism spectrum disorder (ASD),
which is characterized by problems with communication and repetitive patterns of
thought and behavior.
Wai has a specific learning disability in the area of writing, specifically dysgraphia. The
second-grade class that Wai is in is learning to write in cursive. Which of the following
strategies is most likely to benefit Wai during cursive writing instruction?
A.Teaching Wai metacognition techniques
B.Allowing Wai to use colored pencils to write
C.Having Wai trace script letters in the air using two fingers
D.Exempting Wai from the requirement of writing in cursive until he is older -
answerOption (C) is correct. The question tests knowledge of teaching strategies. The
multisensory teaching strategy known as "sky writing letters" will help the student learn
to write in cursive.
Many students with disabilities receive instruction in social skills because
A.social skills are crucial for success in an inclusive classroom
B.they are unable to benefit from educational training
C.teachers in general education focus primarily on instruction in social skills
D.social skills are easier to teach than academic skills - answerOption (A) is correct.
The question tests knowledge of instruction in social skills, which often serves as the
basis for educational success in the inclusive classroom.
,Joan, a high school junior, has a specific learning disability (SLD) in reading. Which of
the following goals would be appropriate for her Individualized Transition Plan (ITP)?
A.Researching postsecondary schools
B.Learning to do her own laundry
C.Looking for an apartment
D.Making a four-course dinner independently - answerOption (A) is correct. The
question tests knowledge of an Individualized Transition Plan (ITP). Joan is a junior in
high school and will need to plan for her education after high school.
Marta is a second grader with a specific learning disability (SLD) in mathematics who
uses immature problem-solving procedures for simple arithmetic problems. Which of the
following statements is most likely to be included in her IEP?
A.Marta has difficulty with arithmetic procedures because she does not pay attention to
directions.
B.Marta will outgrow her difficulties and learn to solve arithmetic problems as she
matures.
C.Marta requires mathematics instruction twice a week in a resource room setting.
D.Marta needs direct instruction in specific strategies for solving mathematical
problems. - answerOption (D) is correct. The question tests knowledge of the
characteristics of a specific learning disability (SLD). This answer is correct because
students with an SLD in mathematics have severe difficulties learning or demonstrating
mathematical abilities. Marta will benefit from direct instruction in mathematics.
According to IDEA, a student must be included as a member of the IEP team to
A.give consent for initial evaluation
B.recommend a change of placement
C.develop a functional behavior assessment
D.consider postsecondary goals and transition services - answerOption (D) is correct.
The question tests understanding of who is included in the IEP team and why. This
answer is correct because a child with a disability must attend the IEP team meeting if a
purpose of the meeting is to plan postsecondary goals for the child and transition
services required for supporting the child in achieving those goals.
Under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, schools are
required to
A. have special academic standards for Title I public elementary school students
B. test students in English and math in fourth grade and then again in high school
C. report student achievement by average school performance and the performance of
cultural subgroups
D. ensure that all children have the opportunity to obtain a high quality education and
reach proficiency on state assessments - answerOption (D) is correct. Title I of the
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ensures that students have the
opportunity to obtain high quality instruction and reach proficiency on state
assessments.
,Which THREE of the following behaviors are most likely to be associated with a student
who exhibits passive-aggressive behaviors?
Select all that apply.
A. Performing poorly on written tasks
B. Damaging intimate relationships
C. Failing to comply with teacher requests
D. Pretending to be in agreement with others - answerOptions (A), (B), and (D) are
correct. The question tests the knowledge of passive-aggressive behaviors, of which
(A), (B), and (D) are all examples.
Mr. Whyte uses an overhead projector to show his first-grade class how to form their
letters correctly using the lines on the paper.
Question:Which of the following techniques best describes Mr. Whyte's teaching
strategy?
A. Cooperative learning
B. Brainstorming
C. Modeling
D. Think-aloud - answerOption (C) is correct. The question tests knowledge of
instructional strategies. This answer is correct because the teacher is demonstrating the
correct way to form the letters.
Which of the following best demonstrates Glasser's lead teacher concept?
A. Requiring students to take notes in outline form during a lecture on ecology
B. Allowing students to identify interesting research topics for term papers
C. Posting classroom rules, including the penalties for each level of infraction
D. Using graphic organizers to compare the factors of composite numbers -
answerOption (B) is correct. This question tests knowledge of different methods of
instruction. This is correct because lead teaching involves letting students make choices
about their own learning.
Ms. Hart is a special education teacher in a resource room. After giving the students
with learning disabilities a vocabulary list, she changed an end-of-unit test to have fewer
options and to include a word bank. This is an example of
A.an accommodation
B.a modification
C.a related service
D.an instructional strategy - answerOption (B) is correct. The question tests
understanding of modifications to the curriculum. Requiring students to know fewer
vocabulary words for the test will reduce the amount of material that the students have
to master.
Special education teachers are expected to hold highly qualified status when teaching
which of the following?
Select all that apply.
A.Core academic subjects
B.Alternate achievement standards
, C.Multiple subjects
D.Primary grades - answerOptions (A), (B), and (C) are correct. The question tests
understanding of the meaning of highly qualified status. These options are correct
because teaching these subject areas requires a teacher to be highly qualified.
Which of the following will best motivate a student with a specific learning disability
(SLD) in an inclusive eighth-grade history class in which students are beginning to learn
about the Second World War?
A.Showing Hawaii on a map and pictures from the events at Pearl Harbor
B.Asking students to summarize the events from the Second World War
C.Assigning students to identify key terminology that was used at Pearl Harbor
D.Having students construct a timeline for the Second World War - answerOption (A) is
correct. The question addresses elements of a lesson plan. Activating prior knowledge
motivates students with a specific learning disability (SLD) and encourages their interest
in the lesson.
Cedric is a fourth grader who is having difficulty keeping up with reading tasks. His
parents want to know more about possible special education services. They have made
an appointment with Cedric's teacher and the special education teacher who works with
fourth-grade students. The likely first step the school will take is
A.prereferral screening and in-class observation
B.formal testing and evaluation for learning disabilities
C.having the parents meet with the principal to discourage them from seeking special
education services
D.ordering audio books for all of Cedric's fourth-grade texts - answerOption (A) is
correct. The question tests knowledge of the classification procedure from its outset.
Prereferral screening and in-class observations are necessary before testing.
Ms. Brantley, a special education teacher, wants to establish consistent communication
with her students' parents in order to share information about each student's progress
and needs.
Question:Which of the following will best support Ms. Brantley's communication
initiative?
A. A behavior intervention plan
B. A Section 504 plan
C. A transition plan
D. A collaboration plan - answerOption (D) is correct. This question assesses
knowledge of strategies for communicating with parents and caregivers about students'
progress and needs. A collaboration plan is an effective tool to provide home-school
communication.
Which of the following is the best justification for using a specific research-based
reading intervention with a student population that is reading well below grade level?
A. Ease of implementation
B. Wide appeal among classroom teachers
C. Reasonable cost to a school district
Which of the following is the most common identifier of a specific learning disability in a
school-age student?
A. Average or below-average intelligence
B. Poor performance in all academic areas
C. A coexisting visual, hearing, or orthopedic impairment
D. A gap between potential and actual achievement - answer Option (D) is correct.
There appears to be a gap between the individual's potential and actual achievement.
The individual may be unable to demonstrate the skill level expected of him or her.
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are most likely to
A.have an obsessive interest in a single object or topic
B.have delayed fine motor skills and difficulty with written assignments
C.be unable to sit still for long periods of time
D.be unable to walk unassisted - answerOption (A) is correct. The question tests
knowledge of characteristics and defining factors of autism spectrum disorder (ASD),
which is characterized by problems with communication and repetitive patterns of
thought and behavior.
Wai has a specific learning disability in the area of writing, specifically dysgraphia. The
second-grade class that Wai is in is learning to write in cursive. Which of the following
strategies is most likely to benefit Wai during cursive writing instruction?
A.Teaching Wai metacognition techniques
B.Allowing Wai to use colored pencils to write
C.Having Wai trace script letters in the air using two fingers
D.Exempting Wai from the requirement of writing in cursive until he is older -
answerOption (C) is correct. The question tests knowledge of teaching strategies. The
multisensory teaching strategy known as "sky writing letters" will help the student learn
to write in cursive.
Many students with disabilities receive instruction in social skills because
A.social skills are crucial for success in an inclusive classroom
B.they are unable to benefit from educational training
C.teachers in general education focus primarily on instruction in social skills
D.social skills are easier to teach than academic skills - answerOption (A) is correct.
The question tests knowledge of instruction in social skills, which often serves as the
basis for educational success in the inclusive classroom.
,Joan, a high school junior, has a specific learning disability (SLD) in reading. Which of
the following goals would be appropriate for her Individualized Transition Plan (ITP)?
A.Researching postsecondary schools
B.Learning to do her own laundry
C.Looking for an apartment
D.Making a four-course dinner independently - answerOption (A) is correct. The
question tests knowledge of an Individualized Transition Plan (ITP). Joan is a junior in
high school and will need to plan for her education after high school.
Marta is a second grader with a specific learning disability (SLD) in mathematics who
uses immature problem-solving procedures for simple arithmetic problems. Which of the
following statements is most likely to be included in her IEP?
A.Marta has difficulty with arithmetic procedures because she does not pay attention to
directions.
B.Marta will outgrow her difficulties and learn to solve arithmetic problems as she
matures.
C.Marta requires mathematics instruction twice a week in a resource room setting.
D.Marta needs direct instruction in specific strategies for solving mathematical
problems. - answerOption (D) is correct. The question tests knowledge of the
characteristics of a specific learning disability (SLD). This answer is correct because
students with an SLD in mathematics have severe difficulties learning or demonstrating
mathematical abilities. Marta will benefit from direct instruction in mathematics.
According to IDEA, a student must be included as a member of the IEP team to
A.give consent for initial evaluation
B.recommend a change of placement
C.develop a functional behavior assessment
D.consider postsecondary goals and transition services - answerOption (D) is correct.
The question tests understanding of who is included in the IEP team and why. This
answer is correct because a child with a disability must attend the IEP team meeting if a
purpose of the meeting is to plan postsecondary goals for the child and transition
services required for supporting the child in achieving those goals.
Under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, schools are
required to
A. have special academic standards for Title I public elementary school students
B. test students in English and math in fourth grade and then again in high school
C. report student achievement by average school performance and the performance of
cultural subgroups
D. ensure that all children have the opportunity to obtain a high quality education and
reach proficiency on state assessments - answerOption (D) is correct. Title I of the
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ensures that students have the
opportunity to obtain high quality instruction and reach proficiency on state
assessments.
,Which THREE of the following behaviors are most likely to be associated with a student
who exhibits passive-aggressive behaviors?
Select all that apply.
A. Performing poorly on written tasks
B. Damaging intimate relationships
C. Failing to comply with teacher requests
D. Pretending to be in agreement with others - answerOptions (A), (B), and (D) are
correct. The question tests the knowledge of passive-aggressive behaviors, of which
(A), (B), and (D) are all examples.
Mr. Whyte uses an overhead projector to show his first-grade class how to form their
letters correctly using the lines on the paper.
Question:Which of the following techniques best describes Mr. Whyte's teaching
strategy?
A. Cooperative learning
B. Brainstorming
C. Modeling
D. Think-aloud - answerOption (C) is correct. The question tests knowledge of
instructional strategies. This answer is correct because the teacher is demonstrating the
correct way to form the letters.
Which of the following best demonstrates Glasser's lead teacher concept?
A. Requiring students to take notes in outline form during a lecture on ecology
B. Allowing students to identify interesting research topics for term papers
C. Posting classroom rules, including the penalties for each level of infraction
D. Using graphic organizers to compare the factors of composite numbers -
answerOption (B) is correct. This question tests knowledge of different methods of
instruction. This is correct because lead teaching involves letting students make choices
about their own learning.
Ms. Hart is a special education teacher in a resource room. After giving the students
with learning disabilities a vocabulary list, she changed an end-of-unit test to have fewer
options and to include a word bank. This is an example of
A.an accommodation
B.a modification
C.a related service
D.an instructional strategy - answerOption (B) is correct. The question tests
understanding of modifications to the curriculum. Requiring students to know fewer
vocabulary words for the test will reduce the amount of material that the students have
to master.
Special education teachers are expected to hold highly qualified status when teaching
which of the following?
Select all that apply.
A.Core academic subjects
B.Alternate achievement standards
, C.Multiple subjects
D.Primary grades - answerOptions (A), (B), and (C) are correct. The question tests
understanding of the meaning of highly qualified status. These options are correct
because teaching these subject areas requires a teacher to be highly qualified.
Which of the following will best motivate a student with a specific learning disability
(SLD) in an inclusive eighth-grade history class in which students are beginning to learn
about the Second World War?
A.Showing Hawaii on a map and pictures from the events at Pearl Harbor
B.Asking students to summarize the events from the Second World War
C.Assigning students to identify key terminology that was used at Pearl Harbor
D.Having students construct a timeline for the Second World War - answerOption (A) is
correct. The question addresses elements of a lesson plan. Activating prior knowledge
motivates students with a specific learning disability (SLD) and encourages their interest
in the lesson.
Cedric is a fourth grader who is having difficulty keeping up with reading tasks. His
parents want to know more about possible special education services. They have made
an appointment with Cedric's teacher and the special education teacher who works with
fourth-grade students. The likely first step the school will take is
A.prereferral screening and in-class observation
B.formal testing and evaluation for learning disabilities
C.having the parents meet with the principal to discourage them from seeking special
education services
D.ordering audio books for all of Cedric's fourth-grade texts - answerOption (A) is
correct. The question tests knowledge of the classification procedure from its outset.
Prereferral screening and in-class observations are necessary before testing.
Ms. Brantley, a special education teacher, wants to establish consistent communication
with her students' parents in order to share information about each student's progress
and needs.
Question:Which of the following will best support Ms. Brantley's communication
initiative?
A. A behavior intervention plan
B. A Section 504 plan
C. A transition plan
D. A collaboration plan - answerOption (D) is correct. This question assesses
knowledge of strategies for communicating with parents and caregivers about students'
progress and needs. A collaboration plan is an effective tool to provide home-school
communication.
Which of the following is the best justification for using a specific research-based
reading intervention with a student population that is reading well below grade level?
A. Ease of implementation
B. Wide appeal among classroom teachers
C. Reasonable cost to a school district
