IBCLC Exam Flashcards With 100% Verified Solutions
Dehydration
Results from inadequate intake decreased output, weak cry, lethargy, dry MM,
sunken fontanelles >14% weight loss
Require IV fluids and BF management
Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum
Very common, benign newborn rash
Comes and goes
Breastmilk Jaundice
Breast milk jaundice can last for 3-12 weeks after birth, but as long as the baby is
feeding well and bilirubin levels are monitored, it rarely leads to serious
complications.
Caput succedaneum
Swelling of the infant scalp; disappears withon hours/days (1 week)
Cephalohematoma
Blood collection between the bones of the head and periosteum - likely delivery
related - increased risk of jaundice weeks to recover
Plagiocephaly
,Infant flattened head; often from prolonged lying in one spot
Torticollis
Wry neck
May see breast preference, jaw clenching, jaw asymmetry, inability to form seal
Cranio-sacral therapy helpful
Botulism
<1 year - caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum
Constipation #1 sign; poor appetite/sucking, respiratory distress, lethargy, droopy
eyelids, hypotonia
Lactose Overload
Increase in lactose due to large volume of low-fat milk and not enough Lactase to
break it down; frequent watery, green, frothy stools, diapers soaked with clear
urine, ++ gas and colic behvaiour
Often seen with OMER - block feeding, drain one breast, strategies for OMER
Cow's Milk Protein Allergy
Proteins from mother's diet can pass into breastmilk and cause an allergy
2-5% of infants
Avoidance or restriction of causal food may be needed
Full allergy - may need hydrolyzed formula IF BFing not possible
Hydrolysate formula
, Extensively-hydrolyzed formulas are hypoallergenic; offer nutrition for infants
who cannot digest intact cow's milk protein these formulas break casein into
smaller pieces that can be absorbed without allergic reaction.
Partially Hydrolyzed Formulas (e.g. Carnation Good Start®)
Partially hydrolyzed formulas take a cow's milk protein whey, and break it into
large pieces. Unfortunately, most babies allergic to cow's milk will react to these
large pieces of milk protein. So, these formulas are not used for infants allergic to
cow's milk.
Soy Formulas (e.g. Isomil®, Prosobee® or Nestlé Good Start Soy®)
Soy formulas are no less allergenic than cow's milk-based formulas.
Eight to 14 percent of infants with cow's milk allergy will react to soy.
Some infants will develop proctocolitis or enterocolitis.
The term enterocolitis refers to the inflammation of the GI tract, which includes
both the small and large intestine (colon).
soy formulas are not recommended in the treatment of cow's milk allergy.
Milk-Based Formulas (e.g. Similac® Advance® or Enfamil® Lipil®)
Milk-based formulas offer complete nutrition. But, babies sometimes develop an
allergy or intolerance to the cow's milk protein in these formulas.
Amino Acid-Based Formulas (e.g. Neocate® or EleCare®)
Amino acid-based formulas offer complete nutrition for infants. These formulas
are for infants who are unable to tolerate extensively-hydrolyzed formulas. Amino
acid-based formulas are also known as "elemental" formulas
SIDS
Dehydration
Results from inadequate intake decreased output, weak cry, lethargy, dry MM,
sunken fontanelles >14% weight loss
Require IV fluids and BF management
Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum
Very common, benign newborn rash
Comes and goes
Breastmilk Jaundice
Breast milk jaundice can last for 3-12 weeks after birth, but as long as the baby is
feeding well and bilirubin levels are monitored, it rarely leads to serious
complications.
Caput succedaneum
Swelling of the infant scalp; disappears withon hours/days (1 week)
Cephalohematoma
Blood collection between the bones of the head and periosteum - likely delivery
related - increased risk of jaundice weeks to recover
Plagiocephaly
,Infant flattened head; often from prolonged lying in one spot
Torticollis
Wry neck
May see breast preference, jaw clenching, jaw asymmetry, inability to form seal
Cranio-sacral therapy helpful
Botulism
<1 year - caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum
Constipation #1 sign; poor appetite/sucking, respiratory distress, lethargy, droopy
eyelids, hypotonia
Lactose Overload
Increase in lactose due to large volume of low-fat milk and not enough Lactase to
break it down; frequent watery, green, frothy stools, diapers soaked with clear
urine, ++ gas and colic behvaiour
Often seen with OMER - block feeding, drain one breast, strategies for OMER
Cow's Milk Protein Allergy
Proteins from mother's diet can pass into breastmilk and cause an allergy
2-5% of infants
Avoidance or restriction of causal food may be needed
Full allergy - may need hydrolyzed formula IF BFing not possible
Hydrolysate formula
, Extensively-hydrolyzed formulas are hypoallergenic; offer nutrition for infants
who cannot digest intact cow's milk protein these formulas break casein into
smaller pieces that can be absorbed without allergic reaction.
Partially Hydrolyzed Formulas (e.g. Carnation Good Start®)
Partially hydrolyzed formulas take a cow's milk protein whey, and break it into
large pieces. Unfortunately, most babies allergic to cow's milk will react to these
large pieces of milk protein. So, these formulas are not used for infants allergic to
cow's milk.
Soy Formulas (e.g. Isomil®, Prosobee® or Nestlé Good Start Soy®)
Soy formulas are no less allergenic than cow's milk-based formulas.
Eight to 14 percent of infants with cow's milk allergy will react to soy.
Some infants will develop proctocolitis or enterocolitis.
The term enterocolitis refers to the inflammation of the GI tract, which includes
both the small and large intestine (colon).
soy formulas are not recommended in the treatment of cow's milk allergy.
Milk-Based Formulas (e.g. Similac® Advance® or Enfamil® Lipil®)
Milk-based formulas offer complete nutrition. But, babies sometimes develop an
allergy or intolerance to the cow's milk protein in these formulas.
Amino Acid-Based Formulas (e.g. Neocate® or EleCare®)
Amino acid-based formulas offer complete nutrition for infants. These formulas
are for infants who are unable to tolerate extensively-hydrolyzed formulas. Amino
acid-based formulas are also known as "elemental" formulas
SIDS
