NR 293: Pharmacology Exam 1: Chapters 1-6, 36-42 King 1
Exam 1 Study Guide
Define:
• Polypharmacy: The use of many different drugs concurrently in treating a patient, who often has several
health problems.
• Superinfection: (1) An infection occurring during antimicrobial treatment for another infection, resulting
from overgrowth of an organism not susceptible to the antibiotic used. (2) A secondary microbial infection
that occurs in addition to an earlier primary infection, often due to weakening of the patient’s immune
system function by the first infection
• Half-life: In pharmacokinetics, the time required for half of an administered dose of drug to be eliminated
by the body, or the time it takes for the blood level of a drug to be reduced by 50%
• Medication reconciliation: process of creating the most accurate list possible of all the medications the
patient is taking; done at every transition of care
• Pharmacotherapeutics: the clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat diseases (name & class, derived,
admin)
• Pharmacodynamics: the study of what the drug does to the body; the drugs actions (biochemical/physical
effects; MOA)
o Therapeutic response: the desirable, beneficial response produced by the drug
o Toxicity: drug poisoning
o Peak level: highest blood level of a drug; drawn 30 minutes after medication is completely
administered
o Trough level: lowest blood level of a drug; drawn before the drug’s next scheduled dose
• Pharmacokinetics:
o Absorption
▪ the main organ for absorption is the small intestine
▪ Absorption is affected by the route of administration
o Distribution
▪ Occurs via bloodstream
o Metabolism
▪ The liver is the main organ for drug metabolism
▪ Biotransformation: enzymatic process that changes the chemical structure of the drug
▪ First-pass: the mechanism of an orally administered drug into an inactive form before it
enters circulation
o Excretion
▪ The main organ for drug excretion is the kidneys
Timing of Medication Dose Response
• Onset: time it takes for medication to produce a response; how quickly a drug acts
• Peak: how long it takes the drug to reach maximum effect
• Duration: length of time that drug is effective
Nursing Process: organized framework for nursing practice that ensures delivery of safe care
• Assessment: collect/interpret data; subjective/objective
• Diagnosis: NANDA; #1= knowledge deficit r/t drug therapy
• Planning: set goals
• Implementation: interventions (independent, dependent-need orders, collaborative)
• Evaluation: response to intervention (medication); monitor for therapeutic effects or adverse effects
Lifespan
This study source was downloaded by 100000888168050 from CourseHero.com on 04-21-2025 05:26:46 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/94896544/Pharmacology-Exam-1-Study-Guidepdf/
Exam 1 Study Guide
Define:
• Polypharmacy: The use of many different drugs concurrently in treating a patient, who often has several
health problems.
• Superinfection: (1) An infection occurring during antimicrobial treatment for another infection, resulting
from overgrowth of an organism not susceptible to the antibiotic used. (2) A secondary microbial infection
that occurs in addition to an earlier primary infection, often due to weakening of the patient’s immune
system function by the first infection
• Half-life: In pharmacokinetics, the time required for half of an administered dose of drug to be eliminated
by the body, or the time it takes for the blood level of a drug to be reduced by 50%
• Medication reconciliation: process of creating the most accurate list possible of all the medications the
patient is taking; done at every transition of care
• Pharmacotherapeutics: the clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat diseases (name & class, derived,
admin)
• Pharmacodynamics: the study of what the drug does to the body; the drugs actions (biochemical/physical
effects; MOA)
o Therapeutic response: the desirable, beneficial response produced by the drug
o Toxicity: drug poisoning
o Peak level: highest blood level of a drug; drawn 30 minutes after medication is completely
administered
o Trough level: lowest blood level of a drug; drawn before the drug’s next scheduled dose
• Pharmacokinetics:
o Absorption
▪ the main organ for absorption is the small intestine
▪ Absorption is affected by the route of administration
o Distribution
▪ Occurs via bloodstream
o Metabolism
▪ The liver is the main organ for drug metabolism
▪ Biotransformation: enzymatic process that changes the chemical structure of the drug
▪ First-pass: the mechanism of an orally administered drug into an inactive form before it
enters circulation
o Excretion
▪ The main organ for drug excretion is the kidneys
Timing of Medication Dose Response
• Onset: time it takes for medication to produce a response; how quickly a drug acts
• Peak: how long it takes the drug to reach maximum effect
• Duration: length of time that drug is effective
Nursing Process: organized framework for nursing practice that ensures delivery of safe care
• Assessment: collect/interpret data; subjective/objective
• Diagnosis: NANDA; #1= knowledge deficit r/t drug therapy
• Planning: set goals
• Implementation: interventions (independent, dependent-need orders, collaborative)
• Evaluation: response to intervention (medication); monitor for therapeutic effects or adverse effects
Lifespan
This study source was downloaded by 100000888168050 from CourseHero.com on 04-21-2025 05:26:46 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/94896544/Pharmacology-Exam-1-Study-Guidepdf/
