,TESTBANK For Chemistry 4e Canadian Olmsted
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, CHAPTER 1
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER STUDY OBJECTIVES
1. Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name compounds from
molecular pictures.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Recognizing elemental symbols and names of the elements; naming
compounds from molecular pictures
KEY CONCEPTS: Properties of molecules (the microscopic level) translate into properties of
materials (the macroscopic level).
2. Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some common unit
conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Working with unit conversions; determining the correct number of
significant figures in the result of a calculation
KEY CONCEPTS: The correct conversion ratio leads to cancellation of unwanted units. Proper
use of significant figures is important to tell the reader what the accuracy and precision of the
measurement are.
3. Analyze and solve problems in a consistent, organized fashion.
Solving Quantitative Problems
Step 1. Determine what is asked for.
Step 2. Visualize the problem.
Step 3. Organize the data.
Step 4. Identify a process to solve the problem.
Step 5. Manipulate the equations.
Step 6. Substitute and calculate.
Step 7. Does the result make sense?
4. Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Determining elemental molar masses
KEY CONCEPTS: Chemical calculations are built around the mole. One mole is the number of
atoms in exactly 12 g of the pure isotope carbon-12. The molar mass of any naturally occurring
element is the sum of the contributions from its isotopes.
5. Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Drawing line structures of compounds; calculating molar masses of
compounds
KEY CONCEPTS: A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms held together in a specific
shape by attractive forces. The molar mass of a compound is found by adding together the
molar masses of all of its elements, taking into account the number of moles of each element
present. Molar masses are used to convert between moles of substance and mass.
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
,1-2 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
6. Calculate concentrations of solutions and of diluted solutions.
KEY CONCEPTS: Concentration is the amount of substance per unit volume of solution.
Polyatomic ions remain intact when a salt dissolves in water. Diluting a solution decreases the
concentrations of the solutes.
7. Balance chemical reactions.
KEY CONCEPTS: Molecules of reagents react in whole number ratios to form products. The
number of atoms of each element is conserved in any chemical reaction.
8. Calculate the amount of a product from the amounts of the reactants and a balanced
chemical equation.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Using stoichiometric ratios
9. Calculate yields of chemical reactions.
10. Solve limiting-reagent-type problems.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Constructing tables of amounts
KEY CONCEPTS: The limiting reactant is the one whose number of moles divided by its
stoichiometric coefficient has the smallest value. The quantity of the limiting reactant determines
how much products are formed.
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry 1-3
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following is a microscopic property?
a) the colour of a substance
b) the density of a substance
c) the arrangement of atoms in the molecules making up the substance
d) the mass of a substance
e) the shape of the crystals in a solid substance
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name
compounds from molecular pictures.
Section Reference: 1.1 Atoms, Molecules, and Compounds
2. What is the correct formula for molecular oxygen?
a) O
b) 2O
c) O2
d) O2
e) O3
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name
compounds from molecular pictures.
Section Reference: 1.1 Atoms, Molecules, and Compounds
Use the following information for Questions 3–7.
4 3
3.785 L = 1 gallon; 2.2 lbs = 1 kg; V = 3 πr ; 1 in = 2.54 cm; 1 mile = 1.609 km; 12 in = 1 ft; 1
yard = 3 ft; 1 gal = 3.785 L; ˚C = 5/9 (˚F – 32)
proton charge = +1.6022 x 10-19 C mass = 1.6726 x 10-27 kg
electron charge = -1.6022 x 10-19 C mass = 9.1094 x 10-31 kg
neutron charge = 0 mass = 1.6749 x 10-27 kg
3. Which of the following are valid conversions from cubic yards to mm3?
36 in 3 1 cm 10 mm
a)
1 yd 2.54 in 1 cm
1 yd 1 in
3
b)
36 in 25.4 mm
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
,1-4 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
36 in 3 2.54 cm 3 10 mm 3
c)
1 yd 1 in 1 cm
1 in 1 cm 10 mm
3
d)
36 yd 2.54 in 1 cm
36 in 3 2.54 cm 3 100 mm 3
e)
1 yd 1 in 1 cm
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
4. One less common temperature unit is the Rankine. This scale has the same magnitude
degree increment as the Fahrenheit scale, but zero Rankine is the same as absolute zero, or 0
K. Absolute zero is –459.7° Fahrenheit. Which of the following are true?
a) Water freezes at 32 Rankine and boils at 212 Rankine.
b) Water freezes at 273 Rankine and boils at 373 Rankine.
c) Room temperature, 25°C, is 536.7 Rankine.
d) Room temperature, 25°C, is 563.7 Rankine.
e) Body temperature, 37°C, is 563.7 Rankine.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
5. The distance between two atoms was determined to be 11.4 nm. What is this distance in
centimetres?
a) 1.14 x 10-6 cm
b) 11. 4 x 107 cm
c) 114 cm
d) 0.000000114 cm
e) 1.14 x 10-11 cm
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry 1-5
6. Four different target shooters fired five shots at targets and their results are shown below.
Which of the following statements best describes the precision and accuracy of each
“marksman”?
A B
C D
a) A is accurate and precise, C is inaccurate and precise.
b) B is imprecise and inaccurate, D is accurate and imprecise.
c) A and D have similar precision but A is more accurate.
d) C and D have similar accuracy, but D is more precise.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
7. What is the answer, with the correct number of significant figures, for the following problem?
3.784 g + 56.3 g + 445.55 g =?
a) 505.634 g
b) 505.63 g
c) 505.6 g
d) 505 g
e) 506 g
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
,1-6 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
Use the following information for Questions 8–11.
1 mole = 6.022 x1023 particles
8. If you had a 50 g sample of C, Al, Fe, Au, and Ti, you would have more atoms of which
element?
a) C
b) Al
c) Fe
d) Au
e) Ti
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
9. If you had a 5.0 g sample of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, you would have more atoms of which
element?
a) Li
b) Na
c) K
d) Rb
e) Cs
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
10. How many atoms are present in 52.0 grams of iron?
a) 0.93 atoms
b) 5.61 x 1023
c) 5.61
d) 52
e) 1.20 x 1024
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
11. Consider three mole samples of C, Al, Fe, Au, and Ti; which sample will have the greatest
mass?
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry 1-7
a) C
b) Al
c) Fe
d) Au
e) Ti
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
12. How many moles of carbon are present in 20 grams of C3H8?
a) 0.40 moles C
b) 0.80 moles C
c) 1.40 moles C
d) 1.67 moles C
e) 3 moles C
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
13. The line structure is shown below for terephthalic acid, a starting material of Kevlar that is
used in bullet proof vests:
What is the correct molecular formula for this compound?
a) C6H6 O4
b) C8H2 O4
c) C8H6O4
d) C10H4O4
e) C12H6O4
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
14. Cumene is an important industrial chemical used in the manufacture of acetone and phenol.
The line structure is shown below:
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, 1-8 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
What is the correct molecular formula for cumene?
a) C8H12
b) C9H11
c) C9H12
d) C10H10
d) C9H16
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
15. Adipic acid, whose line structure is shown below, is used in the manufacture of nylon used
in carpet fibre, among other things.
What is the chemical formula for adipic acid?
a) C4H2O4
b) C6H2O4
c) C6H6O4
d) C6H8O4
e) C6H10O4
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
16. Calculate the molar mass of terephthalic acid, whose line structure appears below:
a) 166.13 g/mole
b) 150.13 g/mole
c) 152.12 g/mole
d) 178.14 g/mole
e) 201.14 g/mole
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
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, CHAPTER 1
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER STUDY OBJECTIVES
1. Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name compounds from
molecular pictures.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Recognizing elemental symbols and names of the elements; naming
compounds from molecular pictures
KEY CONCEPTS: Properties of molecules (the microscopic level) translate into properties of
materials (the macroscopic level).
2. Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some common unit
conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Working with unit conversions; determining the correct number of
significant figures in the result of a calculation
KEY CONCEPTS: The correct conversion ratio leads to cancellation of unwanted units. Proper
use of significant figures is important to tell the reader what the accuracy and precision of the
measurement are.
3. Analyze and solve problems in a consistent, organized fashion.
Solving Quantitative Problems
Step 1. Determine what is asked for.
Step 2. Visualize the problem.
Step 3. Organize the data.
Step 4. Identify a process to solve the problem.
Step 5. Manipulate the equations.
Step 6. Substitute and calculate.
Step 7. Does the result make sense?
4. Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Determining elemental molar masses
KEY CONCEPTS: Chemical calculations are built around the mole. One mole is the number of
atoms in exactly 12 g of the pure isotope carbon-12. The molar mass of any naturally occurring
element is the sum of the contributions from its isotopes.
5. Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Drawing line structures of compounds; calculating molar masses of
compounds
KEY CONCEPTS: A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms held together in a specific
shape by attractive forces. The molar mass of a compound is found by adding together the
molar masses of all of its elements, taking into account the number of moles of each element
present. Molar masses are used to convert between moles of substance and mass.
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
,1-2 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
6. Calculate concentrations of solutions and of diluted solutions.
KEY CONCEPTS: Concentration is the amount of substance per unit volume of solution.
Polyatomic ions remain intact when a salt dissolves in water. Diluting a solution decreases the
concentrations of the solutes.
7. Balance chemical reactions.
KEY CONCEPTS: Molecules of reagents react in whole number ratios to form products. The
number of atoms of each element is conserved in any chemical reaction.
8. Calculate the amount of a product from the amounts of the reactants and a balanced
chemical equation.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Using stoichiometric ratios
9. Calculate yields of chemical reactions.
10. Solve limiting-reagent-type problems.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Constructing tables of amounts
KEY CONCEPTS: The limiting reactant is the one whose number of moles divided by its
stoichiometric coefficient has the smallest value. The quantity of the limiting reactant determines
how much products are formed.
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry 1-3
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following is a microscopic property?
a) the colour of a substance
b) the density of a substance
c) the arrangement of atoms in the molecules making up the substance
d) the mass of a substance
e) the shape of the crystals in a solid substance
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name
compounds from molecular pictures.
Section Reference: 1.1 Atoms, Molecules, and Compounds
2. What is the correct formula for molecular oxygen?
a) O
b) 2O
c) O2
d) O2
e) O3
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name
compounds from molecular pictures.
Section Reference: 1.1 Atoms, Molecules, and Compounds
Use the following information for Questions 3–7.
4 3
3.785 L = 1 gallon; 2.2 lbs = 1 kg; V = 3 πr ; 1 in = 2.54 cm; 1 mile = 1.609 km; 12 in = 1 ft; 1
yard = 3 ft; 1 gal = 3.785 L; ˚C = 5/9 (˚F – 32)
proton charge = +1.6022 x 10-19 C mass = 1.6726 x 10-27 kg
electron charge = -1.6022 x 10-19 C mass = 9.1094 x 10-31 kg
neutron charge = 0 mass = 1.6749 x 10-27 kg
3. Which of the following are valid conversions from cubic yards to mm3?
36 in 3 1 cm 10 mm
a)
1 yd 2.54 in 1 cm
1 yd 1 in
3
b)
36 in 25.4 mm
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
,1-4 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
36 in 3 2.54 cm 3 10 mm 3
c)
1 yd 1 in 1 cm
1 in 1 cm 10 mm
3
d)
36 yd 2.54 in 1 cm
36 in 3 2.54 cm 3 100 mm 3
e)
1 yd 1 in 1 cm
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
4. One less common temperature unit is the Rankine. This scale has the same magnitude
degree increment as the Fahrenheit scale, but zero Rankine is the same as absolute zero, or 0
K. Absolute zero is –459.7° Fahrenheit. Which of the following are true?
a) Water freezes at 32 Rankine and boils at 212 Rankine.
b) Water freezes at 273 Rankine and boils at 373 Rankine.
c) Room temperature, 25°C, is 536.7 Rankine.
d) Room temperature, 25°C, is 563.7 Rankine.
e) Body temperature, 37°C, is 563.7 Rankine.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
5. The distance between two atoms was determined to be 11.4 nm. What is this distance in
centimetres?
a) 1.14 x 10-6 cm
b) 11. 4 x 107 cm
c) 114 cm
d) 0.000000114 cm
e) 1.14 x 10-11 cm
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry 1-5
6. Four different target shooters fired five shots at targets and their results are shown below.
Which of the following statements best describes the precision and accuracy of each
“marksman”?
A B
C D
a) A is accurate and precise, C is inaccurate and precise.
b) B is imprecise and inaccurate, D is accurate and imprecise.
c) A and D have similar precision but A is more accurate.
d) C and D have similar accuracy, but D is more precise.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
7. What is the answer, with the correct number of significant figures, for the following problem?
3.784 g + 56.3 g + 445.55 g =?
a) 505.634 g
b) 505.63 g
c) 505.6 g
d) 505 g
e) 506 g
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some
common unit conversions.
Section Reference: 1.2 Measurements in Chemistry
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
,1-6 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
Use the following information for Questions 8–11.
1 mole = 6.022 x1023 particles
8. If you had a 50 g sample of C, Al, Fe, Au, and Ti, you would have more atoms of which
element?
a) C
b) Al
c) Fe
d) Au
e) Ti
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
9. If you had a 5.0 g sample of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, you would have more atoms of which
element?
a) Li
b) Na
c) K
d) Rb
e) Cs
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
10. How many atoms are present in 52.0 grams of iron?
a) 0.93 atoms
b) 5.61 x 1023
c) 5.61
d) 52
e) 1.20 x 1024
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
11. Consider three mole samples of C, Al, Fe, Au, and Ti; which sample will have the greatest
mass?
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry 1-7
a) C
b) Al
c) Fe
d) Au
e) Ti
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems.
Section Reference: 1.4 Counting Atoms: The Mole
12. How many moles of carbon are present in 20 grams of C3H8?
a) 0.40 moles C
b) 0.80 moles C
c) 1.40 moles C
d) 1.67 moles C
e) 3 moles C
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
13. The line structure is shown below for terephthalic acid, a starting material of Kevlar that is
used in bullet proof vests:
What is the correct molecular formula for this compound?
a) C6H6 O4
b) C8H2 O4
c) C8H6O4
d) C10H4O4
e) C12H6O4
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
14. Cumene is an important industrial chemical used in the manufacture of acetone and phenol.
The line structure is shown below:
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
, 1-8 Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
What is the correct molecular formula for cumene?
a) C8H12
b) C9H11
c) C9H12
d) C10H10
d) C9H16
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
15. Adipic acid, whose line structure is shown below, is used in the manufacture of nylon used
in carpet fibre, among other things.
What is the chemical formula for adipic acid?
a) C4H2O4
b) C6H2O4
c) C6H6O4
d) C6H8O4
e) C6H10O4
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
16. Calculate the molar mass of terephthalic acid, whose line structure appears below:
a) 166.13 g/mole
b) 150.13 g/mole
c) 152.12 g/mole
d) 178.14 g/mole
e) 201.14 g/mole
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
Section Reference: 1.5 Amounts of Compounds
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is prohibited
