, TESTBANK for Industrial and Organizational
Psychology Research and Practice, 8th Edition
by Paul E. Spector
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, TESTBANK: CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESIONS
What Is I-O Psychology
1. Mary is experiencing feelings of anxiety and depression. She is having difficulty finding
the motivation to complete even the simplest tasks at work and when at home she just
sits and stares at her TV. Her employer has suggested she seek the help of a
professional. What type of psychologist is she MOST likely to go to for help?
a. A clinical psychologist
b. An experimental psychologist
c. A forensic psychologist
d. An industrial-organizational psychologist
Answer: a
2. Industrial-Organizational Psychology is LEAST concerned with:
a. the treatment of emotional or personal problems in the workplace.
b. the assessment of job performance.
c. designing employee selection methods.
d. the development of organizational safety programs.
Answer: a
x3. What is the main similarity between clinical and I-O psychology?
a. They both are concerned with emotional problems of employees.
b. They both are concerned with hiring the right person for the job.
c. Most of the research in these fields is conducted in the laboratory.
d. They are both applied fields of psychology.
Answer: d
4. Erin is applying for a job at a major fast food chain. What type of psychologist is most
likely to have developed the employee selection procedures, training sessions and
performance appraisal system that she will be subjected to?
a. An industrial-organizational psychologist
b. A social psychologist
c. A cognitive psychologist
d. A clinical psychologist
Answer: a
5. The division of psychology that emphasizes a management perspective of organizational
efficiency through the appropriate use of human resources is
a. Cognitive psychology.
b. Clinical psychology.
c. Industrial-organizational psychology.
d. Social psychology.
Answer: c
,6. The largest subfield of psychology is
a. Clinical psychology.
b. Cognitive psychology.
c. Industrial-Organizational psychology.
d. Social psychologist.
Answer: c
Activities and Settings of I-O Psychologists
7. Activities that involve using psychological principles to solve real-world problems is
called:
a. Generalizability.
b. Practice.
c. Research.
d. Consulting.
Answer: b
8. I-O psychology is an “evidence-based” field. This means that:
a. the things practitioners do are based on scientific methods and principles
b. most I-O practitioners work in the judicial system
c. I-O psychologists base their recommendations on personal experience
d. I-O practitioners use an intuitive approach to solving organizational problems
Answer: a
9. Which of the following is NOT a major activity of an I-O professor?
a. Do research
b. Mentor graduate students
c. Provide consulting services to organizations.
d. Create computer apps.
Answer: d
10. Most research settings for I-O psychologists are
a. Research institutes.
b. R&D departments of large corporations.
c. Colleges and universities
d. Federal government research labs
Answer: c
11. Becky has finally finished her degree in I-O psychology! What are the three most
common settings in which she would be most likely to work?
a. university, health care, private company
b. university, government, health care
c. consulting, health care, private company
d. consulting, private company, university
Answer: d
12. The settings in which I-O psychologists work can be classified into what two broad
,categories?
a. manufacturing and services
b. research and practice
c. management and labor
d. economics and administration
Answer: b
13. Stephanie is a college professor specializing in Industrial-Organizational Psychology. She
is MOST likely to be found engaging in which of the following activities?
a. Designing training programs
b. Teaching students and doing research
c. Developing psychological tests for industry
d. Designing an employee performance appraisal system
Answer: b
14. Justin is a practicing Industrial psychologist. He is most likely to be found engaging in
which of the following activities?
a. Designing employee selection systems and training programs
b. Writing research papers and presenting them at meetings
c. Developing courses
d. Writing textbooks
Answer: a
15. Which of the following is NOT a major activity of a practicing I-O psychologist?
a. Analyze the nature of a job (job analysis).
b. Design an employee selection system.
c. Publish papers in academic journals.
d. Design a training program.
Answer: c
I-O Psychology As a Profession
16. What is the name of the largest professional/scientific society that is comprised entirely
of I-O psychologists?
a. The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology
b. The American Psychological Association
c. The American Psychological Society
d. The Academy of Management
Answer: a
17. I-O consulting firms work similarly to which of the following types of organizations?
a. Accounting and law.
b. Engineering and healthcare.
c. Retail stores and online vendors.
d. Fire stations and police departments.
Answer: a
18. Most members of SIOP come from which areas of the world?
,a. Europe and the UK.
b. North America
c. Asia
d. North and South America
Answer: b
19. Where do we find professional associations of I-O Psychologists?
a. Only in the U.S.
b. Only in North America.
c. In North America and Europe.
d. Throughout the world.
Answer: d
I-O Psychology as a Science
20. I-O psychologists often conduct research. Why is research important to I-O
psychologists?
a. Research funding supports universities.
b. Research helps the public understand psychology.
c. Research provides the principles that can be applied in practice.
d. Research provides new information for professors to discuss in their classes.
Answer: c
21. Which two areas of psychology are the top two science jobs in the U.S. according to U.S.
News and World Reports?
a. Professor and Practitioner,
b. Clinical psychology and I-O psychology,
c. Engineering and psychology,
d. Clinical psychologist and pharmacist.
Answer: b
22. Which of the following best explains why research is important in I-O psychology?
a. It keeps I-O psychology in step with other branches of psychology.
b. It provides the theories and principles that are applied in practice.
c. It keeps the field from becoming outdated.
d. It is necessary in the training of new I-O psychologists.
Answer: b
23. Which of the following is NOT true of research in I-O psychology?
a. Research is often intended to develop new methods and procedures that can be used to
solve problems I-O psychologists frequently face in practice.
b. Research results may be presented at conferences but the primary source of research
results is scientific journals.
c. Research sometimes focuses on understanding a phenomenon like employee
absenteeism.
d. Research that meets minimum standards is automatically published because of the
importance of having as much information as possible available to the field.
Answer: d
,24. Which percentage of submitted articles are actually published in the top I-O psychology
journals?
a. 5-10%
b. 20-40%
c. 40-60%
d. 65-75%
Answer: a
History of the Field of I-O Psychology
25. I-O psychology has its primary roots in
a. Experimental psychology.
b. Engineering and medicine.
c. Sociology.
d. Clinical psychology.
Answer: a
26. American I-O psychology has its beginnings with
a. applied work by James McKeen Cattell in the middle 19th century.
b. the Spanish flu pandemic in the early 20th century.
c. the surprising results of the Hawthorne studies at Western Electric.
d. applied work by experimental psychologists in the early 1900’s.
Answer: d
27. If your great grandfather was an early industrial psychologist, which of the following
issues would he be most concerned with?
a. Employee productivity and organizational efficiency
b. Employee feelings and opinions
c. Job redesign
d. Job satisfaction
Answer: a
28. The U.S. Army began to use I-O psychologists in _______ ; the first large-scale
application of psychological testing to place individuals into jobs.
a. World War I
b. World War II
c. the 1950’s
d. the 1970’s
Answer: a
29. If your great grandfather had been in the US military during World War I, how would the
emerging field of Industrial psychology have impacted his life?
a. He would have been one of the first to use Lillian Gilbreth’s foot-pedal trash can.
b. He would have been a subject in a time and motion study in which his motion and
timing in conducting tasks would have been monitored.
c. He would have been given a test for mental ability designed by a group of I-O
psychologists.
,d. He would have been a subject in the Hawthorne studies.
Answer: c
30. Before the 1920’s, an I/0 psychologist could NOT have worked in which of the following
settings?
a. a military base
b. a factory
c. a university
d. a consulting firm
Answer: d
31. What was the focus of the earliest I-O work in the United Kingdom?
a. Employee selection and training.
b. Efficiency and working conditions.
c. Job analysis.
d. Proper design of technology.
Answer: b
32. Who was the leading figure in early days of I-O psychology in the United Kingdom?
a. Hugo Münsterberg.
b. Frederick Taylor.
c. Charles Myers.
d. Elton Jones.
Answer: c
33. The two world wars were important influences on the field of I-O psychology because
they
a. Allowed psychologists to make money from the government.
b. Forced all the males into military service, causing females to join the workforce.
c. Allowed for large-scale application of psychological principles to the war effort.
d. Allowed for the creation of the Psychological Corporation.
Answer: c
34. In the second half of the 20th century, I-O psychology in the U.S. was impacted greatly by
which of the following significant events that forced changes in the employment
practices of most organizations?
a. World Wars I and II.
b. The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
c. The formation of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
d. The passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1991.
Answer: b
35. The first application of group testing for mental ability
a. was referred to as project A.
b. used the Army Alpha and the Army Beta.
c. was led by Walter Dill Scott.
d. was led by James McKeen Cattell.
Answer: b
,36. The Psychological Corporation
a. was founded by Walter Dill Scott.
b. based its business on the psychology of advertising.
c. was founded by James McKeen Cattell.
d. went out of business in the 1990’s.
Answer: c
37. Your employer ascribes to the principles of Scientific Management. Which of the
statements below would they be LEAST likely to agree with?
a. Each job should be analyzed to determine the best way of doing it.
b. Employees should be selected so as to get along with other members of their work
group.
c. Employees should be carefully trained at their jobs.
d. Employees should be rewarded for productivity.
Answer: b
38. Your boss gives special privileges to those employees that do a good job such as
allowing them to leave early or take longer lunches. She is using which of Taylor’s
principles of Scientific Management?
a. Each job should be analyzed so that the optimal way of doing a task is identified.
b. Employees should be carefully trained for their jobs.
c. Employees should be hired so that their personal characteristics are related to job
performance.
d. Employees should be rewarded for productivity to encourage high levels of
performance.
Answer: d
39. An expert in efficiency studies is carefully studying jobs by making detailed assessments
of the amount of time it takes workers to complete tasks. This expert is conducting
what type of study?
a. An ergonomic study
b. A job analysis
c. A time and motion study
d. All of the above
Answer: c
40. What does the acronym SIOP represent?
a. The Society in Organizational Behavior Processes
b. The Social Industry of Psychology
c. The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology
d. Safety in Organizational Processes
Answer: c
41. Who were the two individuals credited with being the fathers of American I-O
psychology?
a. Walter Dill Scott and Hugo Munsterberg
b. Hugo Munsterberg and Frederick Taylor
, c. Frank Gillbreth and Lillian Gillbreth
d. Robert Yerkes and Walter Dill Scott
Answer: a
42. Walter Dill Scott and Hugo Munsterberg are credited with being the fathers of I-O
psychology. What were their professional backgrounds?
a. Both were clinical psychologists.
b. Both were experimental psychologists.
c. Walter Dill Scott was an experimental psychologist, and Hugo Munsterberg was a clinical
psychologist.
d. Walter Dill Scott was an engineer, and Hugo Munsterberg was an experimental
psychologist.
Answer: b
43. Who wrote the first American I-O psychology text?
a. Frank Gillbreth
b. Robert Yerkes
c. Walter Dill Scott
d. Hugo Munsterberg
Answer: d
44. Who wrote the first British I-O psychology text?
a. Frank Gillbreth
b. Charles Myers
c. Walter Dill Scott
d. Hugo Munsterberg
Answer: b
45. The first I-O psychology text, written by Hugo Munsterberg, was entitled:
a. The Theory of Advertising
b. Cheaper by the Dozen
c. Psychology and Industrial Efficiency
d. Organizational Behavior
Answer: c
46. Scientific Management was developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth
centuries by____________ as an approach to handling production workers in factories.
a. Hugo Munsterberg
b. Walter Dill Scott
c. Frederick Winslow Taylor
d. Robert Yerkes
Answer: c
47. I-O psychology has one of its roots in engineering. The engineer who developed the
principles of Scientific Management was
a. Hugo Munsterberg
b. Walter Dill Scott
Psychology Research and Practice, 8th Edition
by Paul E. Spector
Hello all ,
We have all what you need with best price
Our email :
Our website :
testbanks-store.com
, TESTBANK: CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESIONS
What Is I-O Psychology
1. Mary is experiencing feelings of anxiety and depression. She is having difficulty finding
the motivation to complete even the simplest tasks at work and when at home she just
sits and stares at her TV. Her employer has suggested she seek the help of a
professional. What type of psychologist is she MOST likely to go to for help?
a. A clinical psychologist
b. An experimental psychologist
c. A forensic psychologist
d. An industrial-organizational psychologist
Answer: a
2. Industrial-Organizational Psychology is LEAST concerned with:
a. the treatment of emotional or personal problems in the workplace.
b. the assessment of job performance.
c. designing employee selection methods.
d. the development of organizational safety programs.
Answer: a
x3. What is the main similarity between clinical and I-O psychology?
a. They both are concerned with emotional problems of employees.
b. They both are concerned with hiring the right person for the job.
c. Most of the research in these fields is conducted in the laboratory.
d. They are both applied fields of psychology.
Answer: d
4. Erin is applying for a job at a major fast food chain. What type of psychologist is most
likely to have developed the employee selection procedures, training sessions and
performance appraisal system that she will be subjected to?
a. An industrial-organizational psychologist
b. A social psychologist
c. A cognitive psychologist
d. A clinical psychologist
Answer: a
5. The division of psychology that emphasizes a management perspective of organizational
efficiency through the appropriate use of human resources is
a. Cognitive psychology.
b. Clinical psychology.
c. Industrial-organizational psychology.
d. Social psychology.
Answer: c
,6. The largest subfield of psychology is
a. Clinical psychology.
b. Cognitive psychology.
c. Industrial-Organizational psychology.
d. Social psychologist.
Answer: c
Activities and Settings of I-O Psychologists
7. Activities that involve using psychological principles to solve real-world problems is
called:
a. Generalizability.
b. Practice.
c. Research.
d. Consulting.
Answer: b
8. I-O psychology is an “evidence-based” field. This means that:
a. the things practitioners do are based on scientific methods and principles
b. most I-O practitioners work in the judicial system
c. I-O psychologists base their recommendations on personal experience
d. I-O practitioners use an intuitive approach to solving organizational problems
Answer: a
9. Which of the following is NOT a major activity of an I-O professor?
a. Do research
b. Mentor graduate students
c. Provide consulting services to organizations.
d. Create computer apps.
Answer: d
10. Most research settings for I-O psychologists are
a. Research institutes.
b. R&D departments of large corporations.
c. Colleges and universities
d. Federal government research labs
Answer: c
11. Becky has finally finished her degree in I-O psychology! What are the three most
common settings in which she would be most likely to work?
a. university, health care, private company
b. university, government, health care
c. consulting, health care, private company
d. consulting, private company, university
Answer: d
12. The settings in which I-O psychologists work can be classified into what two broad
,categories?
a. manufacturing and services
b. research and practice
c. management and labor
d. economics and administration
Answer: b
13. Stephanie is a college professor specializing in Industrial-Organizational Psychology. She
is MOST likely to be found engaging in which of the following activities?
a. Designing training programs
b. Teaching students and doing research
c. Developing psychological tests for industry
d. Designing an employee performance appraisal system
Answer: b
14. Justin is a practicing Industrial psychologist. He is most likely to be found engaging in
which of the following activities?
a. Designing employee selection systems and training programs
b. Writing research papers and presenting them at meetings
c. Developing courses
d. Writing textbooks
Answer: a
15. Which of the following is NOT a major activity of a practicing I-O psychologist?
a. Analyze the nature of a job (job analysis).
b. Design an employee selection system.
c. Publish papers in academic journals.
d. Design a training program.
Answer: c
I-O Psychology As a Profession
16. What is the name of the largest professional/scientific society that is comprised entirely
of I-O psychologists?
a. The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology
b. The American Psychological Association
c. The American Psychological Society
d. The Academy of Management
Answer: a
17. I-O consulting firms work similarly to which of the following types of organizations?
a. Accounting and law.
b. Engineering and healthcare.
c. Retail stores and online vendors.
d. Fire stations and police departments.
Answer: a
18. Most members of SIOP come from which areas of the world?
,a. Europe and the UK.
b. North America
c. Asia
d. North and South America
Answer: b
19. Where do we find professional associations of I-O Psychologists?
a. Only in the U.S.
b. Only in North America.
c. In North America and Europe.
d. Throughout the world.
Answer: d
I-O Psychology as a Science
20. I-O psychologists often conduct research. Why is research important to I-O
psychologists?
a. Research funding supports universities.
b. Research helps the public understand psychology.
c. Research provides the principles that can be applied in practice.
d. Research provides new information for professors to discuss in their classes.
Answer: c
21. Which two areas of psychology are the top two science jobs in the U.S. according to U.S.
News and World Reports?
a. Professor and Practitioner,
b. Clinical psychology and I-O psychology,
c. Engineering and psychology,
d. Clinical psychologist and pharmacist.
Answer: b
22. Which of the following best explains why research is important in I-O psychology?
a. It keeps I-O psychology in step with other branches of psychology.
b. It provides the theories and principles that are applied in practice.
c. It keeps the field from becoming outdated.
d. It is necessary in the training of new I-O psychologists.
Answer: b
23. Which of the following is NOT true of research in I-O psychology?
a. Research is often intended to develop new methods and procedures that can be used to
solve problems I-O psychologists frequently face in practice.
b. Research results may be presented at conferences but the primary source of research
results is scientific journals.
c. Research sometimes focuses on understanding a phenomenon like employee
absenteeism.
d. Research that meets minimum standards is automatically published because of the
importance of having as much information as possible available to the field.
Answer: d
,24. Which percentage of submitted articles are actually published in the top I-O psychology
journals?
a. 5-10%
b. 20-40%
c. 40-60%
d. 65-75%
Answer: a
History of the Field of I-O Psychology
25. I-O psychology has its primary roots in
a. Experimental psychology.
b. Engineering and medicine.
c. Sociology.
d. Clinical psychology.
Answer: a
26. American I-O psychology has its beginnings with
a. applied work by James McKeen Cattell in the middle 19th century.
b. the Spanish flu pandemic in the early 20th century.
c. the surprising results of the Hawthorne studies at Western Electric.
d. applied work by experimental psychologists in the early 1900’s.
Answer: d
27. If your great grandfather was an early industrial psychologist, which of the following
issues would he be most concerned with?
a. Employee productivity and organizational efficiency
b. Employee feelings and opinions
c. Job redesign
d. Job satisfaction
Answer: a
28. The U.S. Army began to use I-O psychologists in _______ ; the first large-scale
application of psychological testing to place individuals into jobs.
a. World War I
b. World War II
c. the 1950’s
d. the 1970’s
Answer: a
29. If your great grandfather had been in the US military during World War I, how would the
emerging field of Industrial psychology have impacted his life?
a. He would have been one of the first to use Lillian Gilbreth’s foot-pedal trash can.
b. He would have been a subject in a time and motion study in which his motion and
timing in conducting tasks would have been monitored.
c. He would have been given a test for mental ability designed by a group of I-O
psychologists.
,d. He would have been a subject in the Hawthorne studies.
Answer: c
30. Before the 1920’s, an I/0 psychologist could NOT have worked in which of the following
settings?
a. a military base
b. a factory
c. a university
d. a consulting firm
Answer: d
31. What was the focus of the earliest I-O work in the United Kingdom?
a. Employee selection and training.
b. Efficiency and working conditions.
c. Job analysis.
d. Proper design of technology.
Answer: b
32. Who was the leading figure in early days of I-O psychology in the United Kingdom?
a. Hugo Münsterberg.
b. Frederick Taylor.
c. Charles Myers.
d. Elton Jones.
Answer: c
33. The two world wars were important influences on the field of I-O psychology because
they
a. Allowed psychologists to make money from the government.
b. Forced all the males into military service, causing females to join the workforce.
c. Allowed for large-scale application of psychological principles to the war effort.
d. Allowed for the creation of the Psychological Corporation.
Answer: c
34. In the second half of the 20th century, I-O psychology in the U.S. was impacted greatly by
which of the following significant events that forced changes in the employment
practices of most organizations?
a. World Wars I and II.
b. The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
c. The formation of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
d. The passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1991.
Answer: b
35. The first application of group testing for mental ability
a. was referred to as project A.
b. used the Army Alpha and the Army Beta.
c. was led by Walter Dill Scott.
d. was led by James McKeen Cattell.
Answer: b
,36. The Psychological Corporation
a. was founded by Walter Dill Scott.
b. based its business on the psychology of advertising.
c. was founded by James McKeen Cattell.
d. went out of business in the 1990’s.
Answer: c
37. Your employer ascribes to the principles of Scientific Management. Which of the
statements below would they be LEAST likely to agree with?
a. Each job should be analyzed to determine the best way of doing it.
b. Employees should be selected so as to get along with other members of their work
group.
c. Employees should be carefully trained at their jobs.
d. Employees should be rewarded for productivity.
Answer: b
38. Your boss gives special privileges to those employees that do a good job such as
allowing them to leave early or take longer lunches. She is using which of Taylor’s
principles of Scientific Management?
a. Each job should be analyzed so that the optimal way of doing a task is identified.
b. Employees should be carefully trained for their jobs.
c. Employees should be hired so that their personal characteristics are related to job
performance.
d. Employees should be rewarded for productivity to encourage high levels of
performance.
Answer: d
39. An expert in efficiency studies is carefully studying jobs by making detailed assessments
of the amount of time it takes workers to complete tasks. This expert is conducting
what type of study?
a. An ergonomic study
b. A job analysis
c. A time and motion study
d. All of the above
Answer: c
40. What does the acronym SIOP represent?
a. The Society in Organizational Behavior Processes
b. The Social Industry of Psychology
c. The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology
d. Safety in Organizational Processes
Answer: c
41. Who were the two individuals credited with being the fathers of American I-O
psychology?
a. Walter Dill Scott and Hugo Munsterberg
b. Hugo Munsterberg and Frederick Taylor
, c. Frank Gillbreth and Lillian Gillbreth
d. Robert Yerkes and Walter Dill Scott
Answer: a
42. Walter Dill Scott and Hugo Munsterberg are credited with being the fathers of I-O
psychology. What were their professional backgrounds?
a. Both were clinical psychologists.
b. Both were experimental psychologists.
c. Walter Dill Scott was an experimental psychologist, and Hugo Munsterberg was a clinical
psychologist.
d. Walter Dill Scott was an engineer, and Hugo Munsterberg was an experimental
psychologist.
Answer: b
43. Who wrote the first American I-O psychology text?
a. Frank Gillbreth
b. Robert Yerkes
c. Walter Dill Scott
d. Hugo Munsterberg
Answer: d
44. Who wrote the first British I-O psychology text?
a. Frank Gillbreth
b. Charles Myers
c. Walter Dill Scott
d. Hugo Munsterberg
Answer: b
45. The first I-O psychology text, written by Hugo Munsterberg, was entitled:
a. The Theory of Advertising
b. Cheaper by the Dozen
c. Psychology and Industrial Efficiency
d. Organizational Behavior
Answer: c
46. Scientific Management was developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth
centuries by____________ as an approach to handling production workers in factories.
a. Hugo Munsterberg
b. Walter Dill Scott
c. Frederick Winslow Taylor
d. Robert Yerkes
Answer: c
47. I-O psychology has one of its roots in engineering. The engineer who developed the
principles of Scientific Management was
a. Hugo Munsterberg
b. Walter Dill Scott
