CHAPTER:THE
LIVING WORLD
-What is living?
-Diversity in the living world
-Taxonomic categories
-Taxonomical Aids
BY MUNAZZA KHAN
ICBN:international code for botanical Nomenclature
ICZN:international code for zoological Nomenclature
, what is living?
Growth,reproduction,ability,to sense environment,mount a suitable
response,metabolism,ability to self replicate,self organise and interact
are features of living organism.
Reproduction,likewise,is a characteristic of living organism. In
multicellular organisms,reproduction refers to the production of
progeny possessing features more or less similar to those of
parents.Organism reproduce by asexual means also.
important
Fungi multiply and spread easily due to mllions of asexual spores they produce.
Yeast and Hydra spread by budding. In planaria(flat worms),we observe true
regeneration,i.e.,a fragmented organism regenerates the lost part of its body and
becomes,a new organism.
One Biological name have two words,1st word:generic name,2nd word:specific epithet
Eg: Mangifera indica
genus species
st
1 letter: capital small
Biological name are in Latin language and printed in italics.
If it is handwritten,then separatly underlined.Eg: Mangifera indica
Panthera leo:lion
Generic name can be same
Panthera tigris:tiger
Name of author/scientist comes after specific epithet :Abbreviation
Suffix for category
1 :aceae for family,Eg:Solanaceae,poaceae,liliaceae
2:ales for order,Eg:Polymomiales,PoalesSapindales
3:ae,opsida,phyceaefor
class,Eg:Dicotyledonae,Bryopsida,Chlorophyceae
4:phyta for division,Eg:Chlorophyta
LIVING WORLD
-What is living?
-Diversity in the living world
-Taxonomic categories
-Taxonomical Aids
BY MUNAZZA KHAN
ICBN:international code for botanical Nomenclature
ICZN:international code for zoological Nomenclature
, what is living?
Growth,reproduction,ability,to sense environment,mount a suitable
response,metabolism,ability to self replicate,self organise and interact
are features of living organism.
Reproduction,likewise,is a characteristic of living organism. In
multicellular organisms,reproduction refers to the production of
progeny possessing features more or less similar to those of
parents.Organism reproduce by asexual means also.
important
Fungi multiply and spread easily due to mllions of asexual spores they produce.
Yeast and Hydra spread by budding. In planaria(flat worms),we observe true
regeneration,i.e.,a fragmented organism regenerates the lost part of its body and
becomes,a new organism.
One Biological name have two words,1st word:generic name,2nd word:specific epithet
Eg: Mangifera indica
genus species
st
1 letter: capital small
Biological name are in Latin language and printed in italics.
If it is handwritten,then separatly underlined.Eg: Mangifera indica
Panthera leo:lion
Generic name can be same
Panthera tigris:tiger
Name of author/scientist comes after specific epithet :Abbreviation
Suffix for category
1 :aceae for family,Eg:Solanaceae,poaceae,liliaceae
2:ales for order,Eg:Polymomiales,PoalesSapindales
3:ae,opsida,phyceaefor
class,Eg:Dicotyledonae,Bryopsida,Chlorophyceae
4:phyta for division,Eg:Chlorophyta
