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,Evolutionary Analysis 5th Edition Herron Test Bank
Evolutionary Analysis, 5e (Herron/Freeman)
Chapter 2 The Pattern of Evolution
1) In response to environmental conditions, the average beak size in a population of birds may
change between successive generations. This process of change is referred to as ________.
A) macroevolution
B) sequestration
C) speciation
D) coalescence
E) microevolution
Answer: E
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) After several generations of selectively breeding mice in a laboratory, Ted Garland and his
colleagues established populations of mice that voluntarily chose to run great distances on
exercise wheels. The process of establishing these populations of mice is termed ________.
A) natural selection
B) artificial selection
C) population selection
D) experimental selection
E) random selection
Answer: B
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) A useless or rudimentary body part that is thought to have been important in ancestral
populations but no longer has a known function is termed a(n) ________.
A) evolved structure
B) terminal structure
C) vestigial structure
D) residual structure
Answer: C
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4) The coccyx, a tiny tailbone found in humans, is believed to be a ________ structure.
A) terminated
B) vestigial
C) rudimentary
D) redundant
Answer: B
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
1
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,5) The biological species concept, formalized by Ernst Mayr in 1942, defined a species as a
________.
A) group of individuals that inhabit the same location
B) group of individuals with similar morphological characteristics
C) population within and among which individuals actually or potentially interbreed and outside
of which they do not interbreed
D) group of individuals who share similar allelic frequencies
E) population of individuals within and among which reproduction takes place frequently
Answer: C
Section: 2.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
6) Andrew Hendry and colleagues demonstrated that the process of speciation is gradual by
studying the distribution and variation in gill raker length in ________.
A) brook trout
B) aquatic copepods
C) salmonids
D) threespine sticklebacks
E) razorfish
Answer: D
Section: 2.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
7) The comparative anatomist Georges Cuvier confirmed the concept of extinction in 1812 when
he demonstrated that there were no extant species anatomically related to the fossilized remains
of the ________.
A) mastodon
B) Irish elk
C) pygmy armadillo
D) giant vampire bat
E) Arctic lemming
Answer: B
Section: 2.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
8) The transitional fossil Archaeopteryx shows a combination of traits consistent with the
hypothesis that it shared a common ancestor with ________.
A) dinosaurs and bats
B) hippos and whales
C) reptiles and birds
D) dinosaurs and birds
Answer: D
Section: 2.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 9) Large evolutionary changes that result in the placement of related organisms into different
genera or higher-level taxa occur via the process of ________.
A) speciation
B) macroevolution
C) microevolution
D) independent evolution
E) evolutionary differentiation
Answer: B
Section: 2.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) Anatomical features that show an underlying structural similarity even though their
superficial structure is different are termed ________ structures.
A) homoplasic
B) homologous
C) symplasic
D) dependent
Answer: B
Section: 2.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) Nonfunctional copies of normal genes, which lack both introns and promoters, and are
important in estimating evolutionary ages of phylogenetic relationships, are ________.
A) transgenes
B) retrotransposons
C) processed retrogenes
D) processed pseudogenes
E) duplicated pseudogenes
Answer: D
Section: 2.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) Processed pseudogenes are useful for testing Darwin's theory of descent with modification
because they ________.
A) can be utilized for examining phylogenetic relationships among asexually reproducing
organisms
B) demonstrate phylogenetic relationships of divergence because they do not accumulate
mutations
C) accumulate mutations at a constant rate, and thus older processed pseudogenes should be
shared by a greater variety of species
D) are distributed in organisms that are found in similar environments
Answer: C
Section: 2.4
Skill: Application/Analysis
3
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
TEST BANK
,Evolutionary Analysis 5th Edition Herron Test Bank
Evolutionary Analysis, 5e (Herron/Freeman)
Chapter 2 The Pattern of Evolution
1) In response to environmental conditions, the average beak size in a population of birds may
change between successive generations. This process of change is referred to as ________.
A) macroevolution
B) sequestration
C) speciation
D) coalescence
E) microevolution
Answer: E
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) After several generations of selectively breeding mice in a laboratory, Ted Garland and his
colleagues established populations of mice that voluntarily chose to run great distances on
exercise wheels. The process of establishing these populations of mice is termed ________.
A) natural selection
B) artificial selection
C) population selection
D) experimental selection
E) random selection
Answer: B
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) A useless or rudimentary body part that is thought to have been important in ancestral
populations but no longer has a known function is termed a(n) ________.
A) evolved structure
B) terminal structure
C) vestigial structure
D) residual structure
Answer: C
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4) The coccyx, a tiny tailbone found in humans, is believed to be a ________ structure.
A) terminated
B) vestigial
C) rudimentary
D) redundant
Answer: B
Section: 2.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
1
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Visit TestBankDeal.com to get complete for all chapters
,5) The biological species concept, formalized by Ernst Mayr in 1942, defined a species as a
________.
A) group of individuals that inhabit the same location
B) group of individuals with similar morphological characteristics
C) population within and among which individuals actually or potentially interbreed and outside
of which they do not interbreed
D) group of individuals who share similar allelic frequencies
E) population of individuals within and among which reproduction takes place frequently
Answer: C
Section: 2.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
6) Andrew Hendry and colleagues demonstrated that the process of speciation is gradual by
studying the distribution and variation in gill raker length in ________.
A) brook trout
B) aquatic copepods
C) salmonids
D) threespine sticklebacks
E) razorfish
Answer: D
Section: 2.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
7) The comparative anatomist Georges Cuvier confirmed the concept of extinction in 1812 when
he demonstrated that there were no extant species anatomically related to the fossilized remains
of the ________.
A) mastodon
B) Irish elk
C) pygmy armadillo
D) giant vampire bat
E) Arctic lemming
Answer: B
Section: 2.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
8) The transitional fossil Archaeopteryx shows a combination of traits consistent with the
hypothesis that it shared a common ancestor with ________.
A) dinosaurs and bats
B) hippos and whales
C) reptiles and birds
D) dinosaurs and birds
Answer: D
Section: 2.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 9) Large evolutionary changes that result in the placement of related organisms into different
genera or higher-level taxa occur via the process of ________.
A) speciation
B) macroevolution
C) microevolution
D) independent evolution
E) evolutionary differentiation
Answer: B
Section: 2.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) Anatomical features that show an underlying structural similarity even though their
superficial structure is different are termed ________ structures.
A) homoplasic
B) homologous
C) symplasic
D) dependent
Answer: B
Section: 2.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) Nonfunctional copies of normal genes, which lack both introns and promoters, and are
important in estimating evolutionary ages of phylogenetic relationships, are ________.
A) transgenes
B) retrotransposons
C) processed retrogenes
D) processed pseudogenes
E) duplicated pseudogenes
Answer: D
Section: 2.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) Processed pseudogenes are useful for testing Darwin's theory of descent with modification
because they ________.
A) can be utilized for examining phylogenetic relationships among asexually reproducing
organisms
B) demonstrate phylogenetic relationships of divergence because they do not accumulate
mutations
C) accumulate mutations at a constant rate, and thus older processed pseudogenes should be
shared by a greater variety of species
D) are distributed in organisms that are found in similar environments
Answer: C
Section: 2.4
Skill: Application/Analysis
3
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
