P215 - Renal System Practice Questions with
Solutions
1.Kidneys regulate which of the body fluids?
A) blood plasma
B) interstitial fluid
C) intracellular fluid
D) blood plasma & interstitial fluid
E) blood plasma & intracellular fluid
F) interstitial fluid & intercellular fluid
G) blood plasma, interstitial fluid, & intracellular fluid: G) blood plasma,
intersti- tial fluid, & intracellular fluid
2.Filtrate flows through which sequence of structures?: 1) glomerular
capsule
2) proximal tubule
3) loop of Henle, descending limb
4) loop of Henle, ascending limb
5) distal tubule
6) collecting ducts
7) calyx
3.Blood flows through which sequence of vessels?: 1) renal arteries
2) afferent arterioles
3) glomerular capillaries
4) efferent arterioles
5) peritubular capillaries
6) renal veins
4.Which substance in blood plasma do not normally enter filtrate?
A) glucose
B) drugs
C) ions
D) plasma proteins
E) water: D) plasma proteins
5.How would a decrease in plasma albumin concentration affect GFR?
A) raise GFR
B) lower GFR
C) no change in GFR: A) raise GFR
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, 6.How would an increase in blood pressure in glomerular capillaries
affect GFR?
A) raise GFR
B) lower GFR
C) no change in GFR: A) raise GFR
7.How does GFR depend on MAP?
A) GFR rises continuously as MAP rises
B) GFR rises continuously as MAP falls
C) GFR rises as MAP rises but remains steady throughout a range of
common arterial BPs
D) GFR rises as MAP falls but remains steady throughout a range of
common arterial BPs: C) GFR rises as MAP rises but remains steady
throughout a range of common arterial BPs
8.When blood volume decreased due to severe sweating or bleeding, how
does the renal system adjust GFR to help cope with the problem?: - by
increas- ing the sympathetic activity --> afferent arterioles constrict -->
renal resistance to blood flow increase --> blood flow & BP in glomerular
capillaries decrease --> GFR decrease
- as a result, helps save water
9.What is the general way that water and sodium ions reabsorbed in the
kidneys?
A) spend ATP to reabsorb water and then Na+ follows by osmosis
B) spend ATP to reabsorb Na+ and then water follows by osmosis
C) water is reabsorbed by osmosis and Na+ is then reabsorbed by
spending ATP
D) Na+ is reabsorbed by osmosis and water is then reabsorbed by
spending ATP: B) spend ATP to reabsorb Na+ and then water follows by
osmosis
10.When arterial blood pressure rises, how do afferent arterioles respond
and help maintain a steady GFR?
A) afferent arterioles constrict
B) afferent arterioles dilate
C) afferent arterioles remain unchanged: A) afferent arterioles constrict
11.What is the general rule-of-thumb linking Na+ and H2O reabsorption?:
wa- ter reabsorption always follows Na+ reabsorption
12.In which part of the loop of Henle is water reabsorbed?: descending limb
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Solutions
1.Kidneys regulate which of the body fluids?
A) blood plasma
B) interstitial fluid
C) intracellular fluid
D) blood plasma & interstitial fluid
E) blood plasma & intracellular fluid
F) interstitial fluid & intercellular fluid
G) blood plasma, interstitial fluid, & intracellular fluid: G) blood plasma,
intersti- tial fluid, & intracellular fluid
2.Filtrate flows through which sequence of structures?: 1) glomerular
capsule
2) proximal tubule
3) loop of Henle, descending limb
4) loop of Henle, ascending limb
5) distal tubule
6) collecting ducts
7) calyx
3.Blood flows through which sequence of vessels?: 1) renal arteries
2) afferent arterioles
3) glomerular capillaries
4) efferent arterioles
5) peritubular capillaries
6) renal veins
4.Which substance in blood plasma do not normally enter filtrate?
A) glucose
B) drugs
C) ions
D) plasma proteins
E) water: D) plasma proteins
5.How would a decrease in plasma albumin concentration affect GFR?
A) raise GFR
B) lower GFR
C) no change in GFR: A) raise GFR
1/
12
, 6.How would an increase in blood pressure in glomerular capillaries
affect GFR?
A) raise GFR
B) lower GFR
C) no change in GFR: A) raise GFR
7.How does GFR depend on MAP?
A) GFR rises continuously as MAP rises
B) GFR rises continuously as MAP falls
C) GFR rises as MAP rises but remains steady throughout a range of
common arterial BPs
D) GFR rises as MAP falls but remains steady throughout a range of
common arterial BPs: C) GFR rises as MAP rises but remains steady
throughout a range of common arterial BPs
8.When blood volume decreased due to severe sweating or bleeding, how
does the renal system adjust GFR to help cope with the problem?: - by
increas- ing the sympathetic activity --> afferent arterioles constrict -->
renal resistance to blood flow increase --> blood flow & BP in glomerular
capillaries decrease --> GFR decrease
- as a result, helps save water
9.What is the general way that water and sodium ions reabsorbed in the
kidneys?
A) spend ATP to reabsorb water and then Na+ follows by osmosis
B) spend ATP to reabsorb Na+ and then water follows by osmosis
C) water is reabsorbed by osmosis and Na+ is then reabsorbed by
spending ATP
D) Na+ is reabsorbed by osmosis and water is then reabsorbed by
spending ATP: B) spend ATP to reabsorb Na+ and then water follows by
osmosis
10.When arterial blood pressure rises, how do afferent arterioles respond
and help maintain a steady GFR?
A) afferent arterioles constrict
B) afferent arterioles dilate
C) afferent arterioles remain unchanged: A) afferent arterioles constrict
11.What is the general rule-of-thumb linking Na+ and H2O reabsorption?:
wa- ter reabsorption always follows Na+ reabsorption
12.In which part of the loop of Henle is water reabsorbed?: descending limb
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