Urinary tract diseases Study Revised Questions
1. what is chronic kidney disease?: characterized by an irreversible, progressive loss of
functioning renal tissue.
2. renal failure: Result of a reduction in blood flow to the nephron or damage to the nephron
3. Diagnoses for CKD?: based on serial documentation of azotemia with concur- rent
inadequate urine specific gravity in a well-hydrated patient.
4. what are clinical signs of acute renal injury?: • anorexia
• vomiting
• weakness
• diarrhea
• enlarged, painful kidneys on abdominal palpation
5. An acute renal injury is?: an abrupt decrease in glomerular filtration causing azotemia
6. what are some causes for acute renal failuure?: hypoperfusion
• nephrotoxic injury - nephrotoxic drugs, ethylene glycol, infection, leptospirosis
7. what will you noticed on palpation of an acute renal failure patient?: en- larged, painful
kidneys on abdominal palpation
8. what will you notice on palpation of a chronic renal failure patient?: kidneys become small and
shrivel
9. why would we see an increased in PCV in a acute renal injury patient?: be- cause patient is
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, dehydrated
10.what is the treatment for acute renal injury?: IV fluids!
• discontinue nephrotoxic drugs
• intestinal protectants
• phosphate binders
• diuretics
11.azotemia: serum elevations of the protein metabolites creatinine and BUN.
12.why might a treatment for UTI fail?: not the correct antibiotic
13.what does urine specific gravity measure?: the concentration of urine and is a reflection of
patient hydration status and of kidney function.
14.Hypokalemia: decreased serum potassium
15.hyperphosphatemia: increase serum phosphorus
16.what is a palliative treatment for chronic kidney disease?: -hydration
-specialized diet
-Prophylactic potassium supplementation
-Appetite stimulant
-antiemetics
-antiacids
-intestinal phosphate binders
-calcitriol supplementation
-Antihypertensive medications
-Erythropoietin supplementation
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7
1. what is chronic kidney disease?: characterized by an irreversible, progressive loss of
functioning renal tissue.
2. renal failure: Result of a reduction in blood flow to the nephron or damage to the nephron
3. Diagnoses for CKD?: based on serial documentation of azotemia with concur- rent
inadequate urine specific gravity in a well-hydrated patient.
4. what are clinical signs of acute renal injury?: • anorexia
• vomiting
• weakness
• diarrhea
• enlarged, painful kidneys on abdominal palpation
5. An acute renal injury is?: an abrupt decrease in glomerular filtration causing azotemia
6. what are some causes for acute renal failuure?: hypoperfusion
• nephrotoxic injury - nephrotoxic drugs, ethylene glycol, infection, leptospirosis
7. what will you noticed on palpation of an acute renal failure patient?: en- larged, painful
kidneys on abdominal palpation
8. what will you notice on palpation of a chronic renal failure patient?: kidneys become small and
shrivel
9. why would we see an increased in PCV in a acute renal injury patient?: be- cause patient is
1/
7
, dehydrated
10.what is the treatment for acute renal injury?: IV fluids!
• discontinue nephrotoxic drugs
• intestinal protectants
• phosphate binders
• diuretics
11.azotemia: serum elevations of the protein metabolites creatinine and BUN.
12.why might a treatment for UTI fail?: not the correct antibiotic
13.what does urine specific gravity measure?: the concentration of urine and is a reflection of
patient hydration status and of kidney function.
14.Hypokalemia: decreased serum potassium
15.hyperphosphatemia: increase serum phosphorus
16.what is a palliative treatment for chronic kidney disease?: -hydration
-specialized diet
-Prophylactic potassium supplementation
-Appetite stimulant
-antiemetics
-antiacids
-intestinal phosphate binders
-calcitriol supplementation
-Antihypertensive medications
-Erythropoietin supplementation
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7
