Urinalysis and Body Fluids Comprehensive Exam
1.Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste normally found in urine
a. Urea
b. Uric acid
c. Nitrite
d. Creatinine: B Uric Acid?
2.Hematuria is generally absent in:
a. Acute glomerulonephritis
b. Chronic glomerulonephritis
c. Acute pyelonephritis
d. The nephrotic syndrome: d. The nephrotic syndrome
3.Acute tubular necrosis is associated most often with:
a. Reduced renal blood supply to the renal tubules
b. Arteriosclerosis of the renal arteries and arterioles
c. An immune response to a previous urinary tract infection
d. Acute inflammation of the interstitial tissues: a. Reduced renal blood
supply to the renal tubules
4.Which of the following white blood cells occur most frequently in
urine sediment?
a. Monocytes
b. Neutrophils
c. Lymphocytes
d. Histiocytes: B. Neutrophils
5.Which of the following substances is used as a measure of the
complete- ness of collection of a timed urine specimen?
a. Creatinine
b. Salt
c. Urea
d. Urea nitrogen
e. Uric acid: a. Creatinine
6.Which of the following specimens would most likely be used to provide
an overall picture of a patient's health?
a. Random specimen
b. First voided specimen
c. 12-hour specimen
, d. 24-hour specimen: a. Random Specimen
7.A large amount of white foam in the urine would most likely indicate
the presence of:
Select one:
a. Proteins
b. Carbohydrates
c. Fats: a. Proteins
8.Osmolality depends on this:
a. Density of particles in solution
b. Disbursement of particles in solution
c. Concentration of particles in solution
d. Number of particles in solution: d. Number of particles in solution
9.Which of the following pathologic conditions is a probable cause of anuria
a. Chronic phylonephritis
b. Diabetes mellitus
c. Shifts in fluid balance (e.g. edema)
d. Major hematolytic transfusion reaction: d. Major hematolytic
transfusion re- action
10.The higher the pH level of urine, the:
a. Higher the chloride ion concentration in the urine
b. Lower the chloride ion concentration in the urine
c. Higher the hydrogen ion concentration in the urine
d. Lower the hydrogen ion concentration in the urine: d. Lower the
hydrogen ion concentration in the urine
11.Practical sensitivity is defined as the lowest concentration of a
urine substance that will produce positive results with a test strip in:
a. At least 70% of all urine specimens
b. At least 80% of all urine specimens
c. At least 90% of all urine specimens
d. 100% of all urine specimens: c. At least 90% of all urine specimens
12.The observation of a strong ammoniacal odor when performing the
urinal- ysis is most often caused by:
a. Diabetes mellitus
b. Improper handling and storage
, c. Ingestion of certain foodstuffs
d. Urinary tract infection: b. Improper handling and storage
13.The presence of granular casts in urine sediment may indicate all of
the following EXCEPT:
a. Orthostatic proteinuria
b. Congestive heart failure
c. Mercury or ethylene poisoning
d. Acute or chronic renal failure: c. Mercury or ethylene poisoning
14.Those casts which have at least two well-defined and distinct
components are known as:
a. Broad casts
b. Mixed casts
c. Waxy casts
d. Epithelial cellular casts: b. Mixed casts
15.A urine culture should be performed if more than how many white
blood cells per high power field are found?
a. 5
b. 8
c. 50
d. 80: a. 5
16.Together, the kidneys receive approximately:
a. One liter of blood per minute
b. Two liters of blood per minute
c. Three liters of blood per minute
d. Four liters of blood per minute: a. One liter of blood per minute
17.The vessels extending from the glomeruli which nourish the renal
tubules and also participate in the countercurrent mechanism for
concentrating urine are called:
a. Vasa deferential
b. Vasa afferentia
c. Vasa efferentia
d. Vasa recta (peritubular capillaries): d. Vasa recta (peritubular capillaries
18.Which of the following substances is secreted by the adrenal cortex to
aid in sodium reabsorption?
1.Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste normally found in urine
a. Urea
b. Uric acid
c. Nitrite
d. Creatinine: B Uric Acid?
2.Hematuria is generally absent in:
a. Acute glomerulonephritis
b. Chronic glomerulonephritis
c. Acute pyelonephritis
d. The nephrotic syndrome: d. The nephrotic syndrome
3.Acute tubular necrosis is associated most often with:
a. Reduced renal blood supply to the renal tubules
b. Arteriosclerosis of the renal arteries and arterioles
c. An immune response to a previous urinary tract infection
d. Acute inflammation of the interstitial tissues: a. Reduced renal blood
supply to the renal tubules
4.Which of the following white blood cells occur most frequently in
urine sediment?
a. Monocytes
b. Neutrophils
c. Lymphocytes
d. Histiocytes: B. Neutrophils
5.Which of the following substances is used as a measure of the
complete- ness of collection of a timed urine specimen?
a. Creatinine
b. Salt
c. Urea
d. Urea nitrogen
e. Uric acid: a. Creatinine
6.Which of the following specimens would most likely be used to provide
an overall picture of a patient's health?
a. Random specimen
b. First voided specimen
c. 12-hour specimen
, d. 24-hour specimen: a. Random Specimen
7.A large amount of white foam in the urine would most likely indicate
the presence of:
Select one:
a. Proteins
b. Carbohydrates
c. Fats: a. Proteins
8.Osmolality depends on this:
a. Density of particles in solution
b. Disbursement of particles in solution
c. Concentration of particles in solution
d. Number of particles in solution: d. Number of particles in solution
9.Which of the following pathologic conditions is a probable cause of anuria
a. Chronic phylonephritis
b. Diabetes mellitus
c. Shifts in fluid balance (e.g. edema)
d. Major hematolytic transfusion reaction: d. Major hematolytic
transfusion re- action
10.The higher the pH level of urine, the:
a. Higher the chloride ion concentration in the urine
b. Lower the chloride ion concentration in the urine
c. Higher the hydrogen ion concentration in the urine
d. Lower the hydrogen ion concentration in the urine: d. Lower the
hydrogen ion concentration in the urine
11.Practical sensitivity is defined as the lowest concentration of a
urine substance that will produce positive results with a test strip in:
a. At least 70% of all urine specimens
b. At least 80% of all urine specimens
c. At least 90% of all urine specimens
d. 100% of all urine specimens: c. At least 90% of all urine specimens
12.The observation of a strong ammoniacal odor when performing the
urinal- ysis is most often caused by:
a. Diabetes mellitus
b. Improper handling and storage
, c. Ingestion of certain foodstuffs
d. Urinary tract infection: b. Improper handling and storage
13.The presence of granular casts in urine sediment may indicate all of
the following EXCEPT:
a. Orthostatic proteinuria
b. Congestive heart failure
c. Mercury or ethylene poisoning
d. Acute or chronic renal failure: c. Mercury or ethylene poisoning
14.Those casts which have at least two well-defined and distinct
components are known as:
a. Broad casts
b. Mixed casts
c. Waxy casts
d. Epithelial cellular casts: b. Mixed casts
15.A urine culture should be performed if more than how many white
blood cells per high power field are found?
a. 5
b. 8
c. 50
d. 80: a. 5
16.Together, the kidneys receive approximately:
a. One liter of blood per minute
b. Two liters of blood per minute
c. Three liters of blood per minute
d. Four liters of blood per minute: a. One liter of blood per minute
17.The vessels extending from the glomeruli which nourish the renal
tubules and also participate in the countercurrent mechanism for
concentrating urine are called:
a. Vasa deferential
b. Vasa afferentia
c. Vasa efferentia
d. Vasa recta (peritubular capillaries): d. Vasa recta (peritubular capillaries
18.Which of the following substances is secreted by the adrenal cortex to
aid in sodium reabsorption?
