PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION STUDY GUIDE #13
Essentialism - correct answer Traditional or "back to basics" approach is meant to train
the mind, promote reasoning, and ensure a common culture among all Americans...core
courses in the traditional academic disciplines
Essentialism - correct answer Core curriculum stressed...classrooms should be oriented
around the teacher...teacher and administrators decide what is most important for
students to learn...electives not important
Perrennialism - correct answer recommends that students learn directly from the Great
Books...focuses on enduring themes and questions that span the ages...
Perennialism - correct answer Believe the goal of education should be to develop
rational thought and to discipline minds to think rigorously
See education as a way to identify and prepare the intellectually gifted for leadership,
while providing vocational training for the rest of society
Progressivism - correct answer Organizes schools around the concerns, curiosity, and
real-world experiences of students...Teacher facilitates learning by helping students
formulate meaningful questions and devise strategies to answer those questions which
are discovered through real world experience
Social Reconstructionism - correct answer Encourages schools, teachers, and students
to focus their studies and energies on alleviating pervasive social inequities, and
reconstruct society into a new and more just order....ameliorating social
problems...Social challenges and problems provide a natural direction for curricular and
instructional activities
Social Reconstructionism - correct answer Believe that school is the ideal place to begin
ameliorating social problems
Existentialism - correct answer Subject matter takes a second place to helping students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals...Learning is self-paced,
self-directed, and includes a great deal of individual contact with the teacher
Constructivism - correct answer Asserts that knowledge cannot be handed from one
person to another (from a teacher to a learner), but must be constructed by each learner
through interpreting and reinterpreting a constant flow of informati
Constructivist Classroom - correct answer The teacher builds knowledge by gauging a
student's prior knowledge and understanding, then carefully orchestrating cues,
penetrating questions, and instructional activities that challenge and extend a student's
insight...
Essentialism - correct answer Traditional or "back to basics" approach is meant to train
the mind, promote reasoning, and ensure a common culture among all Americans...core
courses in the traditional academic disciplines
Essentialism - correct answer Core curriculum stressed...classrooms should be oriented
around the teacher...teacher and administrators decide what is most important for
students to learn...electives not important
Perrennialism - correct answer recommends that students learn directly from the Great
Books...focuses on enduring themes and questions that span the ages...
Perennialism - correct answer Believe the goal of education should be to develop
rational thought and to discipline minds to think rigorously
See education as a way to identify and prepare the intellectually gifted for leadership,
while providing vocational training for the rest of society
Progressivism - correct answer Organizes schools around the concerns, curiosity, and
real-world experiences of students...Teacher facilitates learning by helping students
formulate meaningful questions and devise strategies to answer those questions which
are discovered through real world experience
Social Reconstructionism - correct answer Encourages schools, teachers, and students
to focus their studies and energies on alleviating pervasive social inequities, and
reconstruct society into a new and more just order....ameliorating social
problems...Social challenges and problems provide a natural direction for curricular and
instructional activities
Social Reconstructionism - correct answer Believe that school is the ideal place to begin
ameliorating social problems
Existentialism - correct answer Subject matter takes a second place to helping students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals...Learning is self-paced,
self-directed, and includes a great deal of individual contact with the teacher
Constructivism - correct answer Asserts that knowledge cannot be handed from one
person to another (from a teacher to a learner), but must be constructed by each learner
through interpreting and reinterpreting a constant flow of informati
Constructivist Classroom - correct answer The teacher builds knowledge by gauging a
student's prior knowledge and understanding, then carefully orchestrating cues,
penetrating questions, and instructional activities that challenge and extend a student's
insight...
