,TESTBANK for Psychology by Graham Davey
Hello all ,
We have all what you need with best price
Our email :
Our website :
testbanks-store.com
,Chapter 01: The Science of Psychology
Multiple choice
1. Psychology is defined as:
a) the science of behaviour
b) the study of mental processes
c) the study of mental disorders and their treatment
d) the science of behaviour and mental processes
Ans: d
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
True/False
2. Mental processes describe the activity of our brain when we are engaged in thinking.
Ans: True
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Fill-in-the-blank
3. The Milgram’s study is an example of __________ finding, as it showed that many common
popular beliefs are false.
Ans: counterintuitive
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Hard
,Short Answer
4. By definition, what do psychologists study?
Ans: Behaviour and mental processes
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
5. Describe the Milgram’s study (Milgram, 1974).
Ans: A teacher was instructed to deliver an electric shock to a learner each time they made a
mistake, until an agonizing 450-volt shock. Experts and non-experts estimated that only 4% of
participants delivered the highest shock. In fact, 65% of participants delivered the full shock.
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Hard
Multiple Choice
6. Which of the following goals of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a description?
a) prediction – changing how often behaviour occurs
b) control – making careful observations regarding behaviour
c) description – determining the circumstances in which behaviour is likely to occur
d) explanation – identifying the causes of behaviour
Ans: d
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
,True/False
7. In 1974 Milgram showed that people make very accurate predictions on world’s events based
on common beliefs.
Ans: False
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Fill-in-the-blank
8. The inclination to consider an event as predictable after it has occurred is known as
__________.
Ans: hindsight bias
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
9. What type of psychological research is conducted with the aim of solving practical issues?
Ans: applied research
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. What is the purpose of applied psychology?
Ans: Involves the application of psychological principles to help solve practical problems
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
,Essay
11. Why do many people believe that psychology is ‘the study of the obvious’?
Ans: People have many false beliefs and the hindsight bias can explain why psychology seems
so ‘common-sensical’.
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Multiple Choice
12. How has the study of the mind changed across psychology’s history?
a) Psychologists have largely abandoned the study of the mind in favour of the examination of
objective behaviour.
b) Psychologists have found increasingly direct ways to study the mind.
c) Psychologists have only very recently started to study the mind along with behaviour.
d) To eliminate biases, psychologists have increasingly relied on indirect methods of studying
the mind.
Ans: b
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
13. Which philosopher believed in the power of thought - that we can use logical or rational
thinking to discover “core ideas” buried within the human soul?
a) Hippocrates
b) Socrates
c) Plato
d) Aristotle
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
,14. Which philosopher is CORRECTLY matched with a key idea?
a) Plato – suggested that we could use reasoning to discover the truth
b) Aristotle – proposed that soul and body are independent entities
c) Descartes – the mind is a physical entity that can be observed scientifically
d) None of the above
Ans: a
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
15. The Greek philosopher ________believed that there is an intimate connection between the
soul and the body, and that mental health depends equally on both.
a) Aristotle
b) Plato
c) Hippocrates
d) Socrates
Ans: a
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
16. With respect to the way that we acquire knowledge, _______ emphasized the role of the
mind and reasoning, whereas ________ pointed to the role of sensory experience.
a) Hippocrates; Socrates
b) Aristotle; Hippocrates
c) Plato; Aristotle
d) Aristotle; Plato
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
,17. In 1879, what German physiologist opened the first laboratory exclusively dedicated to the
study of psychology?
a) Freud
b) Skinner
c) Helmholtz
d) Wundt
Ans: d
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Which scientist is the beginning of psychology as a scientific discipline attributed to?
a) William James
b) Wilhelm Wundt
c) John B. Watson
d) B. F. Skinner
Ans: b
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
19. Which filed of psychology was established in the mid-1800s by Ernst Weber and Gustav
Fechner?
Ans: Psychophysics
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
,Essay
20. Describe the main technique used by structuralists to access mental processes.
Ans: Structuralism widely used introspection to analyze participants’ sensations and internal
states. Participants were exposed to various sensory stimuli and had to verbally describe their
experience.
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short answer
21. Why can introspection be criticized as a scientific technique?
Ans: Findings can be highly subjective.
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
Multiple Choice
22. Which American psychologist is credited with developing the functionalist approach?
a) Freud
b) Pavlov
c) James
d) Watson
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
, True/False
23. The history of psychology (and most other sciences) started with the history of philosophy.
Ans: True
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Easy
23. Structuralism cannot study animal behaviour and abnormal behaviour.
Ans: True
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Multiple choice
24. Which of the following locations is associated with the formal beginning of psychology?
a) Vienna, Austria
b) Leipzig, Germany
c) Oxford, England
d) Prague, Czech Republic
Ans: b
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
25. Dr. Smith asserts that psychologists should attempt to identify the fundamental attributes of
mental experience. Dr. Smith appears most sympathetic to the _________ perspective in
psychology.
a) functionalist
b) psychodynamic
c) structuralist
d) humanistic
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
Hello all ,
We have all what you need with best price
Our email :
Our website :
testbanks-store.com
,Chapter 01: The Science of Psychology
Multiple choice
1. Psychology is defined as:
a) the science of behaviour
b) the study of mental processes
c) the study of mental disorders and their treatment
d) the science of behaviour and mental processes
Ans: d
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
True/False
2. Mental processes describe the activity of our brain when we are engaged in thinking.
Ans: True
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Fill-in-the-blank
3. The Milgram’s study is an example of __________ finding, as it showed that many common
popular beliefs are false.
Ans: counterintuitive
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Hard
,Short Answer
4. By definition, what do psychologists study?
Ans: Behaviour and mental processes
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
5. Describe the Milgram’s study (Milgram, 1974).
Ans: A teacher was instructed to deliver an electric shock to a learner each time they made a
mistake, until an agonizing 450-volt shock. Experts and non-experts estimated that only 4% of
participants delivered the highest shock. In fact, 65% of participants delivered the full shock.
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Hard
Multiple Choice
6. Which of the following goals of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a description?
a) prediction – changing how often behaviour occurs
b) control – making careful observations regarding behaviour
c) description – determining the circumstances in which behaviour is likely to occur
d) explanation – identifying the causes of behaviour
Ans: d
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
,True/False
7. In 1974 Milgram showed that people make very accurate predictions on world’s events based
on common beliefs.
Ans: False
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Fill-in-the-blank
8. The inclination to consider an event as predictable after it has occurred is known as
__________.
Ans: hindsight bias
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
9. What type of psychological research is conducted with the aim of solving practical issues?
Ans: applied research
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. What is the purpose of applied psychology?
Ans: Involves the application of psychological principles to help solve practical problems
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
,Essay
11. Why do many people believe that psychology is ‘the study of the obvious’?
Ans: People have many false beliefs and the hindsight bias can explain why psychology seems
so ‘common-sensical’.
Section Ref: What is Psychology?
Learning Objective: Describe the evolution of psychology from early philosophy to
contemporary sociocultural perspectives.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Multiple Choice
12. How has the study of the mind changed across psychology’s history?
a) Psychologists have largely abandoned the study of the mind in favour of the examination of
objective behaviour.
b) Psychologists have found increasingly direct ways to study the mind.
c) Psychologists have only very recently started to study the mind along with behaviour.
d) To eliminate biases, psychologists have increasingly relied on indirect methods of studying
the mind.
Ans: b
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
13. Which philosopher believed in the power of thought - that we can use logical or rational
thinking to discover “core ideas” buried within the human soul?
a) Hippocrates
b) Socrates
c) Plato
d) Aristotle
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
,14. Which philosopher is CORRECTLY matched with a key idea?
a) Plato – suggested that we could use reasoning to discover the truth
b) Aristotle – proposed that soul and body are independent entities
c) Descartes – the mind is a physical entity that can be observed scientifically
d) None of the above
Ans: a
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
15. The Greek philosopher ________believed that there is an intimate connection between the
soul and the body, and that mental health depends equally on both.
a) Aristotle
b) Plato
c) Hippocrates
d) Socrates
Ans: a
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
16. With respect to the way that we acquire knowledge, _______ emphasized the role of the
mind and reasoning, whereas ________ pointed to the role of sensory experience.
a) Hippocrates; Socrates
b) Aristotle; Hippocrates
c) Plato; Aristotle
d) Aristotle; Plato
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
,17. In 1879, what German physiologist opened the first laboratory exclusively dedicated to the
study of psychology?
a) Freud
b) Skinner
c) Helmholtz
d) Wundt
Ans: d
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Which scientist is the beginning of psychology as a scientific discipline attributed to?
a) William James
b) Wilhelm Wundt
c) John B. Watson
d) B. F. Skinner
Ans: b
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
19. Which filed of psychology was established in the mid-1800s by Ernst Weber and Gustav
Fechner?
Ans: Psychophysics
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
,Essay
20. Describe the main technique used by structuralists to access mental processes.
Ans: Structuralism widely used introspection to analyze participants’ sensations and internal
states. Participants were exposed to various sensory stimuli and had to verbally describe their
experience.
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short answer
21. Why can introspection be criticized as a scientific technique?
Ans: Findings can be highly subjective.
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Hard
Multiple Choice
22. Which American psychologist is credited with developing the functionalist approach?
a) Freud
b) Pavlov
c) James
d) Watson
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
, True/False
23. The history of psychology (and most other sciences) started with the history of philosophy.
Ans: True
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Easy
23. Structuralism cannot study animal behaviour and abnormal behaviour.
Ans: True
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Multiple choice
24. Which of the following locations is associated with the formal beginning of psychology?
a) Vienna, Austria
b) Leipzig, Germany
c) Oxford, England
d) Prague, Czech Republic
Ans: b
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
psychology.
Difficulty Level: Medium
25. Dr. Smith asserts that psychologists should attempt to identify the fundamental attributes of
mental experience. Dr. Smith appears most sympathetic to the _________ perspective in
psychology.
a) functionalist
b) psychodynamic
c) structuralist
d) humanistic
Ans: c
Section Ref: Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
Learning Objective: Discuss the main issues and debates that have dominated the history of
