NR503 Epidemiology Final 2024 Latest EXAM 226 Questions AND Verified Answers Graded A+
NR503 Epidemiology FINAL 2024 LATEST
EXAM 226 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
Cultural Awareness --correct answer--:Self-examination of one's own
prejudices and biases toward other cultures. An in-depth exploration of
one's own cultural/ethnic background.
Cultural competence in nursing consists of four principles. --correct answer-
-Care is designed for the specific client.
Care is based on the uniqueness of the person's culture and includes cultural
norms and values.
Care includes self-employment strategies to facilitate client decision making
to improve health behaviors.
Care is provided with sensitivity and is based on the cultural uniqueness of
clients.
The APN may also use the Kleinman Explanatory Model of Illness (1978).
Below are the questions that can be utilized. --correct answer--What do you
call your problem?
What do you think caused your problem?
Why do you think it started when it did?
What does your sickness do to you?
What do you fear most about your sickness?
What are the chief problems your sickness has caused you?
What kind of treatment do you think you should receive?
What is the most important result you hope to receive from the treatment?
According to Giger and Davidhizer (2000), although cultures differ, they all
have the same basic organizing factors that must be assessed in order to
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,NR503 Epidemiology Final 2024 Latest EXAM 226 Questions AND Verified Answers Graded A+
provide care for culturally diverse patients. These factors include --correct
answer--communication (verbal and nonverbal);
personal space;
social organization;
time perception;
environmental control; and
biological variations.
The NCCC uses four major approaches to fulfill its mission, including --
correct answer--Web-based technical assistance, (2) knowledge development
and dissemination, (3) supporting a community of learners, and (4)
collaboration and partnerships with diverse groups.
Epidemiological Triad: --correct answer--host, agent, environment
Genetics --correct answer--The study of individual genes and their impact on
relatively rare single gene disorders
Absolute risk --correct answer--is the probability of an event, such as illness,
injury, or death. Gives no indication of how its magnitude compares with
others
The odds ratio --correct answer--closely approximates the relative risk if the
disease is rare.
Odds ratio and the relative risk are used --correct answer--to assess the
strength of association between risk factor and outcome.
How is Attributible risk used --correct answer--is used to make risk-based
decisions for individuals.
Population-attributable risk measures --correct answer--are used to form
public health decisions
EGAPP: --correct answer--Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice
and Prevention
GAPPNet --correct answer--Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention
Network (established in 2009) is a collaborative initiative involving
2/31
,NR503 Epidemiology Final 2024 Latest EXAM 226 Questions AND Verified Answers Graded A+
partners from across the public health sector working together to realize
the promise of genomics in health care and disease prevention.
GEDDI --correct answer--Genetics Early Disease Detection Intervention
project (GEDDI) (established in 2009) developed a model strategy for using
clinical, genetic, and family history information to reduce the risk of
disease, death, and disability in affected individuals, family members, and
populations.
HuGENet --correct answer--Human Genome Epidemiology Network
(HuGENet) (established in 1998) helps translate genetic research findings
into opportunities for preventive medicines and public health by advancing
the synthesis, interpretation, and dissemination of population-based data on
human genetic variation in health and disease. HuGENet reviews are
systematic, peer-reviewed synopses of the epidemiologic aspects of human
genes, including prevalence of allelic variants in different populations,
population-based information on disease risk, evidence for gene-
environment interaction and quantitative data on genetic tests and services
carried out according to specific guidelines.
NHANES III --correct answer--DC's Office of Public Health Genomics
(established in 2002) formed a multidisciplinary working group with
members from across CDC. It developed a proposal to measure the
prevalence of selected genetic variants of public health significance in a
representative sample of the U.S. population and to examine the association
between the selected genetic variants and disease outcomes available in
NHANES III data.
The World Health Organization defines a pandemic --correct answer--as a
global epidemic that spreads to more than one continent (WHO, 2009). One
of the more recent pandemics that you might be familiar with is the H1N1
influenza outbreak of 2009.
3/31
, NR503 Epidemiology Final 2024 Latest EXAM 226 Questions AND Verified Answers Graded A+
Outbreak --correct answer--the occurrence of disease within persons in
excess of what would normally be expected in a clearly defined community,
location, or time of year. An outbreak may only last for a matter of days or
weeks, but may last for years
Quarantine --correct answer--the separation and restriction of the
movement of people who were or are exposed to a contagious disease for a
set period of time, to see whether they become ill
Antigenic drift --correct answer--is a term describing the changes that occur
within virus's ribonucleic acid that changes the virus. Typically, these
changes create seasonal changes or new strains of a virus
WHO Pandemic Phases --correct answer--Phase 1—None of the current
viruses circulating in animals have been reported to cause infection in
humans.
Phase 2—An animal-based influenza virus is known to have caused infection
in humans and is considered a potential pandemic threat.
Phase 3—An animal- or human-animal-based virus has caused some clusters
of cases in people, but has not caused human-to-human transmission that is
significant enough to cause community-level outbreaks.
Phase 4—Human-to-human transmission of an animal or human-animal
virus is causing community outbreaks and sustained disease. This is a
significant shift in risk and any country with such an outbreak should
consult with WHO.
Phase 5—There is human-to-human spread of the virus in at least two
countries. This phase means that pandemic is imminent and that community
action and implementation of planned mitigation procedures is needed.
Phase 6—This is the pandemic phase, characterized by outbreaks in more
than one WHO defined region in addition to all Phase 5 criteria (WHO,
2009)
4/31
NR503 Epidemiology FINAL 2024 LATEST
EXAM 226 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
Cultural Awareness --correct answer--:Self-examination of one's own
prejudices and biases toward other cultures. An in-depth exploration of
one's own cultural/ethnic background.
Cultural competence in nursing consists of four principles. --correct answer-
-Care is designed for the specific client.
Care is based on the uniqueness of the person's culture and includes cultural
norms and values.
Care includes self-employment strategies to facilitate client decision making
to improve health behaviors.
Care is provided with sensitivity and is based on the cultural uniqueness of
clients.
The APN may also use the Kleinman Explanatory Model of Illness (1978).
Below are the questions that can be utilized. --correct answer--What do you
call your problem?
What do you think caused your problem?
Why do you think it started when it did?
What does your sickness do to you?
What do you fear most about your sickness?
What are the chief problems your sickness has caused you?
What kind of treatment do you think you should receive?
What is the most important result you hope to receive from the treatment?
According to Giger and Davidhizer (2000), although cultures differ, they all
have the same basic organizing factors that must be assessed in order to
1/31
,NR503 Epidemiology Final 2024 Latest EXAM 226 Questions AND Verified Answers Graded A+
provide care for culturally diverse patients. These factors include --correct
answer--communication (verbal and nonverbal);
personal space;
social organization;
time perception;
environmental control; and
biological variations.
The NCCC uses four major approaches to fulfill its mission, including --
correct answer--Web-based technical assistance, (2) knowledge development
and dissemination, (3) supporting a community of learners, and (4)
collaboration and partnerships with diverse groups.
Epidemiological Triad: --correct answer--host, agent, environment
Genetics --correct answer--The study of individual genes and their impact on
relatively rare single gene disorders
Absolute risk --correct answer--is the probability of an event, such as illness,
injury, or death. Gives no indication of how its magnitude compares with
others
The odds ratio --correct answer--closely approximates the relative risk if the
disease is rare.
Odds ratio and the relative risk are used --correct answer--to assess the
strength of association between risk factor and outcome.
How is Attributible risk used --correct answer--is used to make risk-based
decisions for individuals.
Population-attributable risk measures --correct answer--are used to form
public health decisions
EGAPP: --correct answer--Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice
and Prevention
GAPPNet --correct answer--Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention
Network (established in 2009) is a collaborative initiative involving
2/31
,NR503 Epidemiology Final 2024 Latest EXAM 226 Questions AND Verified Answers Graded A+
partners from across the public health sector working together to realize
the promise of genomics in health care and disease prevention.
GEDDI --correct answer--Genetics Early Disease Detection Intervention
project (GEDDI) (established in 2009) developed a model strategy for using
clinical, genetic, and family history information to reduce the risk of
disease, death, and disability in affected individuals, family members, and
populations.
HuGENet --correct answer--Human Genome Epidemiology Network
(HuGENet) (established in 1998) helps translate genetic research findings
into opportunities for preventive medicines and public health by advancing
the synthesis, interpretation, and dissemination of population-based data on
human genetic variation in health and disease. HuGENet reviews are
systematic, peer-reviewed synopses of the epidemiologic aspects of human
genes, including prevalence of allelic variants in different populations,
population-based information on disease risk, evidence for gene-
environment interaction and quantitative data on genetic tests and services
carried out according to specific guidelines.
NHANES III --correct answer--DC's Office of Public Health Genomics
(established in 2002) formed a multidisciplinary working group with
members from across CDC. It developed a proposal to measure the
prevalence of selected genetic variants of public health significance in a
representative sample of the U.S. population and to examine the association
between the selected genetic variants and disease outcomes available in
NHANES III data.
The World Health Organization defines a pandemic --correct answer--as a
global epidemic that spreads to more than one continent (WHO, 2009). One
of the more recent pandemics that you might be familiar with is the H1N1
influenza outbreak of 2009.
3/31
, NR503 Epidemiology Final 2024 Latest EXAM 226 Questions AND Verified Answers Graded A+
Outbreak --correct answer--the occurrence of disease within persons in
excess of what would normally be expected in a clearly defined community,
location, or time of year. An outbreak may only last for a matter of days or
weeks, but may last for years
Quarantine --correct answer--the separation and restriction of the
movement of people who were or are exposed to a contagious disease for a
set period of time, to see whether they become ill
Antigenic drift --correct answer--is a term describing the changes that occur
within virus's ribonucleic acid that changes the virus. Typically, these
changes create seasonal changes or new strains of a virus
WHO Pandemic Phases --correct answer--Phase 1—None of the current
viruses circulating in animals have been reported to cause infection in
humans.
Phase 2—An animal-based influenza virus is known to have caused infection
in humans and is considered a potential pandemic threat.
Phase 3—An animal- or human-animal-based virus has caused some clusters
of cases in people, but has not caused human-to-human transmission that is
significant enough to cause community-level outbreaks.
Phase 4—Human-to-human transmission of an animal or human-animal
virus is causing community outbreaks and sustained disease. This is a
significant shift in risk and any country with such an outbreak should
consult with WHO.
Phase 5—There is human-to-human spread of the virus in at least two
countries. This phase means that pandemic is imminent and that community
action and implementation of planned mitigation procedures is needed.
Phase 6—This is the pandemic phase, characterized by outbreaks in more
than one WHO defined region in addition to all Phase 5 criteria (WHO,
2009)
4/31
