NR511 Final Exam (Latest 2025/ 2026 Update) Differential Diagnosis and Primary Care Practicum Questions and Answers

responded to antibiotic therapy. Which of the following actions should be taken next? a. send a urine specimen for microscopy looking for fungal colonies b. increase the dose of the antibiotic c. order a cystoscopy d. order a different antibiotic Answer: a. send a urine specimen for microscopy looking for fungal colonies A 14 year old is seen with complaints of severe testicular pain. The clinician suspects testicular torsion. Which of the following is the appropriate action? a. obtain a scrotal ultrasound b. obtain a computed tomography scan (CT) pg. 2 c. instruct the patient to elevate the scrotum d. send the patient to the Emergency room Answer: c. instruct the patient to elevate the scrotum d. send the patient to the Emergency room A 22 year old male is seen in the clinic because he found a hard lump in his testicle during a testicular self exam (TSE). which of the following shoud be included in the differential diagnosis. a. testicular cancer b.. inguinal hernia c. varicocele d. all of the above Answer: d. all of the above A 22-year-old is seen complaining of vague belly pain. This type of pain is seen at what point in appendicitis? a. very early b 3-4 hours after perforation c. late in inflammation d. appendicitis never presents with vague pain Answer: a. very early pg. 3 A 23 year old sexually active man is seen in the clinic with unilateral painful testicular swelling and diagnosed with epididymitis. In order to prescribe the correct drub, the clinician understands that which of these is them most common causative organism? a. escheichia coli b. staphylococcus aureus c. chlamydia trachomatis d. pseudomonas aerugonisa Answer: c. chlamydia trachomatis A 25 year old patient presents to the clinic with fatigue, cold intolerance, weght gain and constipation for the past 3 months. On physical exam, the clinican notices a sinus bradycardia, muscular stiffness, coarse dry hair and a delay in relaxation in deep tendon reflexes (DTR's). Which of the following tests should be ordered next? a. Serum Calcium b. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) c. electrolytes d. urine specific gravity Answer: b. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) A 27 year old female presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urination. She has no previous history of urinary tract infection. what are some additional symptoms consistant with a diagnosis of lower UTI? a. back and abdominal pain pg. 4 b. fever, chills, costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness c. blood in urine and frequency d. foul-smelling discharge, perineal itch Answer: c. blood in urine and frequency A 28 year old patient is seen in the office with colicky abdominal pain, particularly with meals. She has frequent constipation, flatulence and abdominal distention. Which of the data makes a diagnosis of diverticulitis unlikely? a. her age b. frequent constipation c. flatulence d. colicky abdominal pain Answer: a. her age A 28 year old patient is seen with complaints of diarrhea. Which of the following questions would help the clinician establish the diagnosis of irratible bowel syndrome? a. Feels relief after a bowel movement b. sometimes is constipated c. does not defecate in the middle of the night d. all of the above Answer: d. all of the above pg. 5 A 30 year old patient presents with pain on urination. The urine microscopy of unspun urine showed greater than 10 leukocytes/ml and a dipstick was possible for nitrates. What is the probable diagnosis? a. lower urinary tract infection b. chlamydia infection c. candidiasis d. pyelonephritis Answer: b. chlamydia infection A 42 year old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomiting and severe