FIS Exam 2 (questions & answers)
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Questions asked by forensic anthropologists - correct answer ✔✔-Where is the grave?
-How can we safely remove and preserve the remains?
-Are these bones human?
-Are they forensically important/relevant?
-What can we tell about the identity of the person?
-What can we tell about the person's death?
Tasks of forensic anthropologists - correct answer ✔✔1. Locate remains
2. Recover remains
3. Determine if forensically important
4. Determine if remains are human
5. Develop a biological profile
Locating remains - correct answer ✔✔1. Visual detection
2. Ground penetrating radar
3. Cadaver dogs
4. Metal detector (cheaper than GPR)
5. Ground penetrometer
Ground penetrating radar - correct answer ✔✔Looks for difference in density (bones are more
dense than soil)
,Ground penetrometer - correct answer ✔✔Ground will be fluffier if it has been previously dug
up
Recovery of remains - correct answer ✔✔-Mapping
-Excavation
-Documentation
Mapping - correct answer ✔✔Search the area and find all pieces of bone; the gravesite can be
separated into quadrants.
Excavation - correct answer ✔✔Soil is sifted through to find evidence
Historical graves - correct answer ✔✔Graves that are older than 60-70 years; no one will be
prosecuted for that crime.
Forensically important graves - correct answer ✔✔Any graves less than 60-70 years
Native American graves - correct answer ✔✔200+ years
Biological profile - correct answer ✔✔-Estimates the sex, age, and race of an individual set of
remains.
-Looking at the bones, comparing them to know growth patterns and development, and giving a
best estimate.
Morphology - correct answer ✔✔The shape of our bones
How many bones in an adult human body? - correct answer ✔✔206
,Bones that are most important for determining human remains: - correct answer ✔✔-Cranium
(Big brain case, big eyes, relatively small nose and teeth)
-Pelvis (tipped forward, somewhat large)
-Scapula (shoulder blade)
-Femur (Has an elongated head with a divot in it to attach to the pelvis)
-Humerus (upper arm)
Under 20-25 years old, forensic anthropologist are looking at the _______ of our bones. -
correct answer ✔✔Development
Over 25 years old, forensic anthropologists are looking at the _______ of bones. - correct
answer ✔✔Breakdown
Humans are born with about ______ ossification centers. - correct answer ✔✔405
The speed of _______ in our bones can demonstrate age. Bones that aren't completely _______
are filled with _________ between the spaces. - correct answer ✔✔Fusing; fused, cartilage
-For younger people under the age of about 9, the best indicator of age are the _______ and
_______. - correct answer ✔✔Hands and feet
_________ are another very useful age indicator for children. - correct answer ✔✔Teeth
Why are the hands and feet good indicators of age in children? - correct answer ✔✔The hands
and feet have many tiny little bones prior to fusing. The more little bones a set of remains has,
the younger the child.
Why are the teeth good indicators of age in children? - correct answer ✔✔Children have two
sets of teeth, with their adult one above their baby teeth, waiting to come in.
, Sutures - correct answer ✔✔The gaps in the bones of the skull that allow it to expand and grow.
Over time, these sutures fill with bone.
Cranial suture scoring - correct answer ✔✔Determining the age of a person based on the
presence/development of sutures.
Stage 1 sutures - correct answer ✔✔Spaces will be filled less than 25% with bone, or with no
bone at all.
Stage 2 sutures - correct answer ✔✔Sutures are still present; some are still stage 1, while others
are filled with bone
Stage 3 sutures - correct answer ✔✔Sutures are completely filled with bone; sutures are not
visible.
Other estimators of age (2) - correct answer ✔✔-Sternal rib ends
-Pubic symphysis
Sternal rib ends - correct answer ✔✔Breathing causes the ends of the ribs to rub against
cartilage, causing the cartilage to deteriorate.
(This cartilage is in the front of the sternum and allows the chest to expand and contract as you
breathe)
Pubic symphysis - correct answer ✔✔-Located in the front of the pelvis, where the two halves
are connected by cartilage.
-With every step taken, this cartilage is deteriorating in the pelvis.
already passed
Questions asked by forensic anthropologists - correct answer ✔✔-Where is the grave?
-How can we safely remove and preserve the remains?
-Are these bones human?
-Are they forensically important/relevant?
-What can we tell about the identity of the person?
-What can we tell about the person's death?
Tasks of forensic anthropologists - correct answer ✔✔1. Locate remains
2. Recover remains
3. Determine if forensically important
4. Determine if remains are human
5. Develop a biological profile
Locating remains - correct answer ✔✔1. Visual detection
2. Ground penetrating radar
3. Cadaver dogs
4. Metal detector (cheaper than GPR)
5. Ground penetrometer
Ground penetrating radar - correct answer ✔✔Looks for difference in density (bones are more
dense than soil)
,Ground penetrometer - correct answer ✔✔Ground will be fluffier if it has been previously dug
up
Recovery of remains - correct answer ✔✔-Mapping
-Excavation
-Documentation
Mapping - correct answer ✔✔Search the area and find all pieces of bone; the gravesite can be
separated into quadrants.
Excavation - correct answer ✔✔Soil is sifted through to find evidence
Historical graves - correct answer ✔✔Graves that are older than 60-70 years; no one will be
prosecuted for that crime.
Forensically important graves - correct answer ✔✔Any graves less than 60-70 years
Native American graves - correct answer ✔✔200+ years
Biological profile - correct answer ✔✔-Estimates the sex, age, and race of an individual set of
remains.
-Looking at the bones, comparing them to know growth patterns and development, and giving a
best estimate.
Morphology - correct answer ✔✔The shape of our bones
How many bones in an adult human body? - correct answer ✔✔206
,Bones that are most important for determining human remains: - correct answer ✔✔-Cranium
(Big brain case, big eyes, relatively small nose and teeth)
-Pelvis (tipped forward, somewhat large)
-Scapula (shoulder blade)
-Femur (Has an elongated head with a divot in it to attach to the pelvis)
-Humerus (upper arm)
Under 20-25 years old, forensic anthropologist are looking at the _______ of our bones. -
correct answer ✔✔Development
Over 25 years old, forensic anthropologists are looking at the _______ of bones. - correct
answer ✔✔Breakdown
Humans are born with about ______ ossification centers. - correct answer ✔✔405
The speed of _______ in our bones can demonstrate age. Bones that aren't completely _______
are filled with _________ between the spaces. - correct answer ✔✔Fusing; fused, cartilage
-For younger people under the age of about 9, the best indicator of age are the _______ and
_______. - correct answer ✔✔Hands and feet
_________ are another very useful age indicator for children. - correct answer ✔✔Teeth
Why are the hands and feet good indicators of age in children? - correct answer ✔✔The hands
and feet have many tiny little bones prior to fusing. The more little bones a set of remains has,
the younger the child.
Why are the teeth good indicators of age in children? - correct answer ✔✔Children have two
sets of teeth, with their adult one above their baby teeth, waiting to come in.
, Sutures - correct answer ✔✔The gaps in the bones of the skull that allow it to expand and grow.
Over time, these sutures fill with bone.
Cranial suture scoring - correct answer ✔✔Determining the age of a person based on the
presence/development of sutures.
Stage 1 sutures - correct answer ✔✔Spaces will be filled less than 25% with bone, or with no
bone at all.
Stage 2 sutures - correct answer ✔✔Sutures are still present; some are still stage 1, while others
are filled with bone
Stage 3 sutures - correct answer ✔✔Sutures are completely filled with bone; sutures are not
visible.
Other estimators of age (2) - correct answer ✔✔-Sternal rib ends
-Pubic symphysis
Sternal rib ends - correct answer ✔✔Breathing causes the ends of the ribs to rub against
cartilage, causing the cartilage to deteriorate.
(This cartilage is in the front of the sternum and allows the chest to expand and contract as you
breathe)
Pubic symphysis - correct answer ✔✔-Located in the front of the pelvis, where the two halves
are connected by cartilage.
-With every step taken, this cartilage is deteriorating in the pelvis.
