verified solutions (Guaranteed Pass)
brain tissue
blood
CSF - answer ICP
- Skull has three essential components:
-> Br___ ____
-> Bl____
-> CS____
mass lesion
cerebral edema
injury
inflammation
metabolic insult
lead, arsenic, hepatic encephalopathy - answer Causes of ICP
- Ma___ ____
- Ce___ ____
,- Head in____
- Brain in____
- me____ insult
-> le___ intoxication, ar___, he___ ____
perfusion, - answer Patho of ICP
slide 4
- Elevated ICP is clinically significant because it diminishes cerebral
perfusion pressure (cerebral blood flow), increases risks of brain
ischemia and infarction, and is associated with a poor prognosis
C - answer QUESTION
The earliest signs of increased ICP the nurse should assess for include:
A. Cushing's triad
B. Unexpected vomiting
C. Decreasing level of consciousness (LOC)
D. Dilated pupil with sluggish response to light
sensitive, reliable
earliest
cerebral cortex, RAS
,wakefulness
unconsciousness
3-15, 3-8
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
subtle
, family
beside, neuro - answer Level of Consciousness Changes (LOC)
- Most se___ & re____ indicator of patient's neuro status
- One of the (earliest/latest) findings
- LOC is related to impaired cerebral blood flow depriving ce__ ___ and
RA____ in brainstem.
-> RAS effects state of wa____ even without functioning cerebral cortex.
-> Interruptions in either can lead to (consciousness/unconsciousness)
(abnormal state of complete or partial unawareness of self or
environment).
Scoring GCS:
- How would you assess?
-> The Glasgow Coma Scale provides a score in the range ____-____;
patients with scores of ___-___ are usually said to be in a coma.
-> Eye Opening Response
--> Spontaneous--open with blinking at baseline (1/2/3/4) points
--> Opens to verbal command, speech, or shout (1/2/3/4) points
--> Opens to pain, not applied to face (1/2/3/4) points
--> None (1/2/3/4) point
-> Verbal Response
--> Oriented (1/2/3/4/5) points