ISSA Final Exam Study Guide Questions And
Answers Verified 100% Correct
What would determine how many meals a day a client should eat? - ANSWER Client
preference.
You should never force your client on what to eat and when to eat. Whenever they are
feeling hungry, that is the best time for them.
What is the angle of muscle pull? - ANSWER The angle at which the muscle pulls
relative to the axis of the bone that it pulls on.
Protein is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and what else? - ANSWER Nitrogen
The only macronutrient to contain nitrogen
Which of the following intake forms is necessary to ensure that that there are no prior
medical concerns for the client? - ANSWER PAR-Q.
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
Marathon training primarily recruits what kind of fibers? - ANSWER Slow-twitch (type 1)
muscle fibers.
These fibers have a slow contraction speed, utilize aerobic glycolysis, and is fatigue and
injury resistant, making them perfect for long distance events/activities. Their name
indicates that they are the fibers to be recruited first.
When the scapular abductors are weak, what postural deviation can occur? - ANSWER
Kyphosis
What muscle fiber is highly resistant to fatigue and injury? - ANSWER Type 1 (slow-
twitch) muscle fibers
Which of the following represents safe load increases for a beginner client? - ANSWER
5% - 10%
Advanced: 2% - 5%
,Beginners have much more room for improvement; gaining size and strength.
Experienced and intermediate trainees usually are at or beyond the national averages
for strength capabilities.
What bone runs parallel to the fibula? - ANSWER Tibia
What does HIIT stand for? - ANSWER High intensity interval training
A weight loss client is currently exercising 5 + hours a week and hits a plateau. What
adjustments should a trainer suggest? - ANSWER Decrease k/cal intake by 250
Remove a cupped handful of carbs and a thumb of fats from their daily intake. If any
more problems arise, try increasing the exercise to 7 + days a week and decreasing
another 250 cal.
Which macronutrient contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen? - ANSWER
Carbohydrates
Sugars, starches and fibers are all considered carbs because of their similar structures.
A lateral leg raise demonstrates which kind of movement? - ANSWER Abduction
Abduction is to move away from the midline of the body while adduction is moving
towards the midline.
During training, clients with hypertension should avoid what? - ANSWER Squat jumps
High intensity aerobic exercise has no beneficial results on high blood pressure. The
focus should be on non-weight- bearing and low-impact aerobic exercise because most
individuals with hypertension are elderly and obese and tend to have lower-extremity
orthopedic problems.
Who should recommend a GXT (graded exercise test) for a client prior to starting an
exercise program? - ANSWER Physician
This test is meant for older individuals who are 40 years or older and with an abnormal
physical examination (murmur) or two or more coronary risk factors. If you are 40 years
or younger and you undergo a normal physical examination, has no symptoms of
cardiovascular disease, no coronary risk factors, and no physical findings
(hypertension, murmur) then you should be good to go.
Utilizing the Valsalva maneuver gives up to how much greater force? - ANSWER 20%
, A client with celiac disease asks for a nutrition plan, what should the trainer
recommend? - ANSWER Give a breakdown of macronutrients
Develop a meal plan that contains no gluten
Avoid gluten if you have celiac disease. When someone with this disease ingests
gluten, the lining of the small intestine is attacked by the body's natural defense system
as it tries to react to the gluten. With an unhealthy intestinal lining, the body will be
unable to absorb the necessary nutrients. Delayed growth and nutrient deficiencies
start to occur. This includes anemia (one of the most common forms of iron deficiency;
the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced) and osteoporosis (bones become
fragile and break easily). Diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease and intestinal cramps
also develop.
What is the smallest phase or cycle of training? - ANSWER Microcycle
How long does the guided discovery stage of the drawing-in phase last? - ANSWER 2 -
3 weeks
Or just a few workouts. The client needs to become acclimated with the equipment and
some exercises.
What does BMI stand for? - ANSWER Body Mass Index
The gluteus maximus is located superior to which muscle? - ANSWER Gastrocnemius
What type of contraction is involved in controlling and stopping a movement? -
ANSWER Isometric contraction
The muscle does not move nor does it lengthen. An example is being at the bottom of
the push up position and holding yourself there for a certain amount of time.
What movement requires constant agonist-antagonist muscle contractions? - ANSWER
Dynamic balance
An example of this would be to balance your self on one leg when trying to perform the
pistol squat.
The ATP/CP pathway is best for what activity? - ANSWER 100m sprint
Any activity that is short duration and requires max effort. Sustained power movements
that last 0 - 10 sec.
Answers Verified 100% Correct
What would determine how many meals a day a client should eat? - ANSWER Client
preference.
You should never force your client on what to eat and when to eat. Whenever they are
feeling hungry, that is the best time for them.
What is the angle of muscle pull? - ANSWER The angle at which the muscle pulls
relative to the axis of the bone that it pulls on.
Protein is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and what else? - ANSWER Nitrogen
The only macronutrient to contain nitrogen
Which of the following intake forms is necessary to ensure that that there are no prior
medical concerns for the client? - ANSWER PAR-Q.
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
Marathon training primarily recruits what kind of fibers? - ANSWER Slow-twitch (type 1)
muscle fibers.
These fibers have a slow contraction speed, utilize aerobic glycolysis, and is fatigue and
injury resistant, making them perfect for long distance events/activities. Their name
indicates that they are the fibers to be recruited first.
When the scapular abductors are weak, what postural deviation can occur? - ANSWER
Kyphosis
What muscle fiber is highly resistant to fatigue and injury? - ANSWER Type 1 (slow-
twitch) muscle fibers
Which of the following represents safe load increases for a beginner client? - ANSWER
5% - 10%
Advanced: 2% - 5%
,Beginners have much more room for improvement; gaining size and strength.
Experienced and intermediate trainees usually are at or beyond the national averages
for strength capabilities.
What bone runs parallel to the fibula? - ANSWER Tibia
What does HIIT stand for? - ANSWER High intensity interval training
A weight loss client is currently exercising 5 + hours a week and hits a plateau. What
adjustments should a trainer suggest? - ANSWER Decrease k/cal intake by 250
Remove a cupped handful of carbs and a thumb of fats from their daily intake. If any
more problems arise, try increasing the exercise to 7 + days a week and decreasing
another 250 cal.
Which macronutrient contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen? - ANSWER
Carbohydrates
Sugars, starches and fibers are all considered carbs because of their similar structures.
A lateral leg raise demonstrates which kind of movement? - ANSWER Abduction
Abduction is to move away from the midline of the body while adduction is moving
towards the midline.
During training, clients with hypertension should avoid what? - ANSWER Squat jumps
High intensity aerobic exercise has no beneficial results on high blood pressure. The
focus should be on non-weight- bearing and low-impact aerobic exercise because most
individuals with hypertension are elderly and obese and tend to have lower-extremity
orthopedic problems.
Who should recommend a GXT (graded exercise test) for a client prior to starting an
exercise program? - ANSWER Physician
This test is meant for older individuals who are 40 years or older and with an abnormal
physical examination (murmur) or two or more coronary risk factors. If you are 40 years
or younger and you undergo a normal physical examination, has no symptoms of
cardiovascular disease, no coronary risk factors, and no physical findings
(hypertension, murmur) then you should be good to go.
Utilizing the Valsalva maneuver gives up to how much greater force? - ANSWER 20%
, A client with celiac disease asks for a nutrition plan, what should the trainer
recommend? - ANSWER Give a breakdown of macronutrients
Develop a meal plan that contains no gluten
Avoid gluten if you have celiac disease. When someone with this disease ingests
gluten, the lining of the small intestine is attacked by the body's natural defense system
as it tries to react to the gluten. With an unhealthy intestinal lining, the body will be
unable to absorb the necessary nutrients. Delayed growth and nutrient deficiencies
start to occur. This includes anemia (one of the most common forms of iron deficiency;
the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced) and osteoporosis (bones become
fragile and break easily). Diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease and intestinal cramps
also develop.
What is the smallest phase or cycle of training? - ANSWER Microcycle
How long does the guided discovery stage of the drawing-in phase last? - ANSWER 2 -
3 weeks
Or just a few workouts. The client needs to become acclimated with the equipment and
some exercises.
What does BMI stand for? - ANSWER Body Mass Index
The gluteus maximus is located superior to which muscle? - ANSWER Gastrocnemius
What type of contraction is involved in controlling and stopping a movement? -
ANSWER Isometric contraction
The muscle does not move nor does it lengthen. An example is being at the bottom of
the push up position and holding yourself there for a certain amount of time.
What movement requires constant agonist-antagonist muscle contractions? - ANSWER
Dynamic balance
An example of this would be to balance your self on one leg when trying to perform the
pistol squat.
The ATP/CP pathway is best for what activity? - ANSWER 100m sprint
Any activity that is short duration and requires max effort. Sustained power movements
that last 0 - 10 sec.
