OS 1 ( INTRODUCTION & CPU SCHEDULING)

These notes serve as a concise yet comprehensive guide to the foundational concepts of Operating Systems, with a focus on the **Introduction** and **CPU Scheduling** topics. Designed with clarity and revision in mind, this compilation breaks down essential OS principles into digestible explanations, key definitions, diagrams, and examples. In the **Introduction to Operating Systems**, I cover the role and purpose of an OS, its evolution, types (batch, multitasking, distributed, real-time, etc.), system components, and basic functionalities like process management, memory management, file systems, and device control. The notes aim to create a solid conceptual base for further study while connecting theory with practical real-world systems. The **CPU Scheduling** section dives into one of the most crucial aspects of process management. It includes detailed descriptions of scheduling criteria (CPU utilization, throughput, turnaround time, etc.), types of schedulers (long-term, short-term, medium-term), and various CPU scheduling algorithms such as FCFS, SJF, Round Robin, and Priority Scheduling. I’ve included flowcharts, Gantt charts, solved examples, and comparisons to help visualize and differentiate between strategies effectively. These notes are ideal for students preparing for exams, beginners trying to understand core OS concepts, or anyone looking for a well-organized summary. Whether you’re self-studying or attending lectures, these notes can supplement your learning by offering clarity, structure, and practice.