SLP 526 Final Exam Review questions &
answers already passed
What is an articulation disorder? - correct answer ✔✔■ Difficulty in establishing the placement
of articulators or executing the motor movements needed to produce speech sounds; may
reflect an inability to produce certain speech sounds
■ Difficulty producing speech
What is a phonological disorder? - correct answer ✔✔■ Disorder related to the contrastive use
of phonemes that is related to the rule-based linguistic function of speech sounds; phonemic
inventory may be limited
■ Difficulty with knowledge of language rules that underlie speech
What are the principles of assessment? - correct answer ✔✔○ Establish rapport
○ Maximize potential
○ Support:
■ Environment
■ Presentation
■ Regulation
■ Incentives, visuals
What are the steps in a speech evaluation? - correct answer ✔✔■ Referral
■ Records review
■ Case history
■ Hearing screening
■ Oral structure and function assessment
, ■ Assessment of articulation and phonology
■ Spontaneous speech sample
■ Clinical decisions
■ Implementation
What are the principles of intervention? - correct answer ✔✔○ Target selection
○ Goals/goal writing
○ General framework
○ Prompting
○ Recommendations/Scheduling
○ Measuring progress
○ Generalization
○ Documentation
What is the general/instructional framework of intervention? - correct answer ✔✔■ General
framework designed to elicit new behaviors
● Antecedent → Prompting (i.e., verbal, visual, or tactile cues)
● Response
● Consequence → Reinforcement/feedback
Describe the hierarchy of prompting. - correct answer ✔✔● Ranges from simple to complex
○ Simplest/Maximal support → Immediate imitation
○ Complex/Minimal support → Spontaneous response (i.e., the child produces a target
appropriately without a model/prompt)
What are the three types of reinforcement/feedback schedules? - correct answer ✔✔■ Fixed
ratio → Reinforcement occurs after a certain # of responses
answers already passed
What is an articulation disorder? - correct answer ✔✔■ Difficulty in establishing the placement
of articulators or executing the motor movements needed to produce speech sounds; may
reflect an inability to produce certain speech sounds
■ Difficulty producing speech
What is a phonological disorder? - correct answer ✔✔■ Disorder related to the contrastive use
of phonemes that is related to the rule-based linguistic function of speech sounds; phonemic
inventory may be limited
■ Difficulty with knowledge of language rules that underlie speech
What are the principles of assessment? - correct answer ✔✔○ Establish rapport
○ Maximize potential
○ Support:
■ Environment
■ Presentation
■ Regulation
■ Incentives, visuals
What are the steps in a speech evaluation? - correct answer ✔✔■ Referral
■ Records review
■ Case history
■ Hearing screening
■ Oral structure and function assessment
, ■ Assessment of articulation and phonology
■ Spontaneous speech sample
■ Clinical decisions
■ Implementation
What are the principles of intervention? - correct answer ✔✔○ Target selection
○ Goals/goal writing
○ General framework
○ Prompting
○ Recommendations/Scheduling
○ Measuring progress
○ Generalization
○ Documentation
What is the general/instructional framework of intervention? - correct answer ✔✔■ General
framework designed to elicit new behaviors
● Antecedent → Prompting (i.e., verbal, visual, or tactile cues)
● Response
● Consequence → Reinforcement/feedback
Describe the hierarchy of prompting. - correct answer ✔✔● Ranges from simple to complex
○ Simplest/Maximal support → Immediate imitation
○ Complex/Minimal support → Spontaneous response (i.e., the child produces a target
appropriately without a model/prompt)
What are the three types of reinforcement/feedback schedules? - correct answer ✔✔■ Fixed
ratio → Reinforcement occurs after a certain # of responses
