Acute/Chronic Renal Failure Practice Questions | Brand New!!! | Already Graded A+ | 100% Verified Answers | Pass on First Try

1. Whenapatientwithacute kid a ANS:B
neyinjury(AKI)hasanar-
terialblood pH of 7.30, the n
a a a a a a Patients with metabolic acidosis caused by A
a a a a a a


ursewillexpectanassess- KImayhaveKussmaulrespirationsasthe lung a


mentfindingof
a strytoregulatecarbondioxide.Bound-
ing pulses andvasodilation are not associ-
a a a a a a


a. persistentskintenting ated with metabolic acidosis. Because the pat
a a a a a a a


ient islikelytohavefluidretention,poorskintur
a a a a a a a a


b. rapid,deeprespirations. gor would notbea finding in AKI.
a a a a a




c. boundingperipheralpuls-
es.
a




d. hot,flushedfaceandneck.

2. Thenurseisplanningcare for
a a ANS:B
apatientwithsevereheart fail
,f a


urewhohasdeveloped elevat a Theprimarygoaloftreatmentforacutekid-
edbloodureanitro- neyinjury(AKI)istoeliminatethecauseand pro
a ,f ,f a


gen(BUN)andcreatininelev-
a videsupportivecarewhilethekidneysre-
els.Theprimarycollaborative
a cover.Becausethispatient'sheartfailureis ca
a a


treatmentgoalintheplanwill
a ,f a usingAKI,thecarewillbedirectedtoward treat a


be mentoftheheart failure.For renal fail- a a a


urecausedbyhypertension,hypovolemia,or
a a a a a a a


a. augmentingfluid volume. a nephrotoxins,theotherresponseswouldbe c a a


orrect.
b. maintainingcardiacout-
put.
a




c. dilutingnephrotoxicsub-
stances.
a




d. preventingsystemichyper-
tension.
a




3. Apatientwhohasacute glo a ANS:C
merulonephritisishos- a


apitalizedwithhyperkalemia Thecalciumgluconatehelpspreventdys- ,f




. Whichinformationwillthe
a a rhythmiasthat might becausedby the hy-
a a ,f a




1a/a
108

, nursemonitortoevaluate t a perkalemia.Thenursewillmonitortheother dataa ,f ,f a


heeffectivenessofthepre- well, butthese willnotbe helpful in determiningth
a a a a a


ascribedcalciumgluconate a effectivenessofthecalcium gluconate. a


IV?

a. Urinevolume
a




b. Calciumlevel

c. Cardiacrhythm

d. Neurologicstatus
ANS:B
4. Whichinformationwillthe nur
a a


semonitorinordertode- Calcium carbonate is prescribed to bind ph
a a a a a a


terminetheeffectivenessof pr
a a osphorusandpreventmineralandbone disa a a a a a


escribedcalciumcarbon- easeinpatientswithCKD.Theotherdata will ,f a


ate(Caltrate)forapatientwith
a a a notbehelpfulinevaluatingtheeffective-
chronickidneydisease (CKD) a ness ofcalcium carbonate.
a a a


?

a. Bloodpressure

b. Phosphatelevel

c. Neurologicstatus

d. Creatinineclearance
ANS:A
5. Sodiumpolystyrenesul-
fonate(Kayexalate)isor-
a


deredforapatientwithhyper-Sodiumpolystyrenesulfonate(Kayexalate)
,f




kalemia. Beforeadminister-
a should notbe given toa patient with apar- a a a a a a


ingthemedication,thenurs
a alytic ileus (as indicated by absent bowel sou
a a a a a a a a


e shouldassessthe
a nds)becausebowelnecrosiscanoccur. TheB a


UNandcreatinine,bloodglucose,and LOCwo a


a. bowelsounds. uldnotaffectthenurse'sdecisionto give the me ,f ,f ,f a a a


dication.
b. bloodglucose.

2a/a
108

, c. bloodureanitrogen(BUN).

d. levelofconsciousness
(LOC).
a




6. Beforeadministration of cal- a a ANS:C
ciumcarbonate(Caltrate) to a
a a a


patientwithchronickid-
a Ifserumphosphateiselevated,thecalcium an a


neydisease(CKD),thenurse
a a d phosphate cancause softtissuecalci-
a a a


shouldchecklaboratoryre- afication.The calcium carbonate should not be
a a a a a


sultsfor
a a givenuntilthephosphatelevelislowered. Totalc
,f a


holesterol,creatinine,andpotassium valuesdo a


a. potassiumlevel. notaffectwhethercalciumcarbon-
,f ,f




ate should be administered.
a a a


b. totalcholesterol.

c. serumphosphate.

d. serumcreatinine.

7. A37-year-
a ANS:C
oldfemalepatient ishospitaliz a


edwithacutekid-
,f GFR isthe preferred method for evaluating
a a a a a a


neyinjury(AKI).Whichin-
a kidney function. BUN levels can fluctuate b
a a a a a a


formationwill be mostuse-
a a a asedonfactorssuchasfluidvolumestatus an ,f ,f a


ful tothenurseinevaluating i
a a a a dproteinintake.Urineoutputcanbenor-
mprovementinkidneyfunc- amalorhighinpatientswithAKIanddoesnot a a


tion?
a ccuratelyreflectkidneyfunction.Creatinine a ,f a


lone isnotan accurate reflection of renal fun
a a a a a a


a. Urinevolume a ction.

b. Creatininelevel

c. Glomerularfiltrationrate
(GFR)
a




d. Bloodureanitrogen(BUN)
level
a




3a/a
108

, 8. Apatientwillneedvascu- ANS:A
alaraccessforhemodialysis. a


Whichstatementbythenurse Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are much less likely
,f a a a a a a


accuratelydescribesanad-
a toclotthan grafts, although it takes longerforthe a a a a a


avantageofafistulaovera graf mtomaturetothepointwherethey can be used fo
a ,f a a a a a


t? r dialysis.The choice ofan AV fistula oragraft do a a a a a a a


es not have animpact on needle sizeorpatient m a ,f a a a a a


a. Afistulaismuchlesslikelyto obility.
,f a a


clot.

b. Afistulaincreasespatient
,f a


mobility.

c. Afistulacanaccommodate
,f a


largerneedles.

d. Afistulacanbeusedsoon-
,f




er aftersurgery.
a a




9. A64-year-
,f ANS:C
oldmalepatient whohash a


adprogressive
chronickidneydisease(CKD) Oncethe patientisstartedon dialysis and a a a a a


for several yearshasjust beg nitrogenouswastesareremoved,morepro-
a a a


unregularhemodialysis. Whi tein inthe diet is encouraged. Fluids are stillre
a a a a ,f a a a a


chinformationaboutdiet will t strictedtoavoidexcessiveweightgain andco
a a a


he nurseincludein pa-
a mplications such asshortness of breath.Gluc
a a a a a


atientteaching? oseisnotlostduringhemodialy- ,f ,f




sis.Sodiumandpotassiumintakecontinuesto a a a


a. Increasedcaloriesare n be restricted to avoid thecomplications assoc
a a a a a a


eededbecauseglucoseis l iated with high levels of these elec- trolytes.
a a a a a a a a


ostduringhemodialysis.

b. Unlimitedfluidsareal-
lowedbecauseretainedfluid
a ,f




isremovedduringdialysis.
a




c. More protein is allowed be- a a a a


cause urea and creatinine are
a a a a a a


removedbydialysis.
4a/a
108