PEDIATRICS CMS III FINAL EXAM 2025 – ATI COMPREHENSIVE
PEDIATRIC NURSING PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS & RATIONALES | GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT,
DISORDERS, MEDS, LABS | CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY
Is BW dependent on Gestational Age?
NO
Low = < 2500 g
Very Low = < 1500 g
Extremely Low = < 1000 g
Ductus Arteriosus connects the _______ to the ________
Pulmonary artery to the descending aorta
If a fetus has only 1 umbilical cord artery rather than 2, what is it most likely due to?
renal congenital anomaly
Common complication to fetus' of diabetic mother
Macrosomnia
Apgar score
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration
> 5 @ 1 min & 8-10 @ 5 min = normal
What APGAR score at 1 minute requires immediate resuscitation?
<4
What APGAR score @ 5 mins indicates increased risk of CNS/Cardiac dysfunction?
<7
What is indicated in the newborn routine protocol treatments?
,- Eye prophylaxis (silver nitrate)
- Vitamin K (support clotting factors)
- Hep B Vaccine
What is the cause of hyaline membrane deficiency?
Surfactant deficiency
TX - surfactant replacement
Prevention - antenatal steroids @ 24-34 wks
2 Hour old newborn presents with tachypnea, nasal flaring and hypoxemia. You perform
CXR ad see air bronchograms & ground glass appearance. What is the likely diagnosis?
Hyaline Membrane Disease (Neonatal RDS)
What is the MCC of respiratory distress in term infants and how do you treat?
Transient Tachypnea of newborn (TX: O2 )
CXR - Increased lung volumes + flat diaphragm
What is the imaging of choice in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)?
KUB - pneumatosis intestinalis
Newborn PE reveals bowel sounds auscultated in the thorax, a barrel shaped chest, and
scaphoid abdomen. What is the likely diagnosis?
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
*Bochdalek - posterolateral defect (L-sided MC)*
Pregnant women tests positive for GBS screening at 36 wks. How should she be treated?
< 4 hours before birth, then held for observation for 48 hrs
What level bilirubin is required for diagnosis of Kernicterus (bilirubin encephalopathy)
Total bili > 18 (lethargy, vomiting, poor feeding in newborn)
What diagnostic test assesses risk using age and serum bilirubin levels for neonatal
jaundice?
Bhutani Nomogram
When is newborn jaundice ALWAYS pathologic?
1st day
, 1st week = breastmilk
3rd week = biliary atresia
How can you educate parents to avoid Sudden Infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
Promote supine sleeping and avoid co-sleeping
What head abnormality is characterized by superior edema/ecchymosis that crosses the
suture lines
Caput succedaneum
Cephalohematoma does NOT cross the suture line
Which type of osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by easily fractured bones
type 1
If a child has no red reflex, what diagnosis should you be suspicious of
Retinoblastoma
What is the MC sex chromosome disorder in females, resulting in wideset nipples, excessive
nuchal skin, & lymphadema?
Turners syndrome
Are males or females more likely to develop developmental hip dysplasia?
females
Which reflex is elicited by sudden dropping of infants head, resulting in abductions and
extension of arms/hands
MORO
Birth - 3-6 mo
What does it mean if an infant has absent Moro reflex ? What if it is incomplete?
Absent - UMNL
Incomplete - Brachial Plexus injury
Which reflex is elicited by stroking the infants cheek, resulting in their head turning in the
direction (preparing to suck)
ROOTING
Birth - 3 mo
PEDIATRIC NURSING PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS & RATIONALES | GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT,
DISORDERS, MEDS, LABS | CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY
Is BW dependent on Gestational Age?
NO
Low = < 2500 g
Very Low = < 1500 g
Extremely Low = < 1000 g
Ductus Arteriosus connects the _______ to the ________
Pulmonary artery to the descending aorta
If a fetus has only 1 umbilical cord artery rather than 2, what is it most likely due to?
renal congenital anomaly
Common complication to fetus' of diabetic mother
Macrosomnia
Apgar score
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration
> 5 @ 1 min & 8-10 @ 5 min = normal
What APGAR score at 1 minute requires immediate resuscitation?
<4
What APGAR score @ 5 mins indicates increased risk of CNS/Cardiac dysfunction?
<7
What is indicated in the newborn routine protocol treatments?
,- Eye prophylaxis (silver nitrate)
- Vitamin K (support clotting factors)
- Hep B Vaccine
What is the cause of hyaline membrane deficiency?
Surfactant deficiency
TX - surfactant replacement
Prevention - antenatal steroids @ 24-34 wks
2 Hour old newborn presents with tachypnea, nasal flaring and hypoxemia. You perform
CXR ad see air bronchograms & ground glass appearance. What is the likely diagnosis?
Hyaline Membrane Disease (Neonatal RDS)
What is the MCC of respiratory distress in term infants and how do you treat?
Transient Tachypnea of newborn (TX: O2 )
CXR - Increased lung volumes + flat diaphragm
What is the imaging of choice in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)?
KUB - pneumatosis intestinalis
Newborn PE reveals bowel sounds auscultated in the thorax, a barrel shaped chest, and
scaphoid abdomen. What is the likely diagnosis?
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
*Bochdalek - posterolateral defect (L-sided MC)*
Pregnant women tests positive for GBS screening at 36 wks. How should she be treated?
< 4 hours before birth, then held for observation for 48 hrs
What level bilirubin is required for diagnosis of Kernicterus (bilirubin encephalopathy)
Total bili > 18 (lethargy, vomiting, poor feeding in newborn)
What diagnostic test assesses risk using age and serum bilirubin levels for neonatal
jaundice?
Bhutani Nomogram
When is newborn jaundice ALWAYS pathologic?
1st day
, 1st week = breastmilk
3rd week = biliary atresia
How can you educate parents to avoid Sudden Infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
Promote supine sleeping and avoid co-sleeping
What head abnormality is characterized by superior edema/ecchymosis that crosses the
suture lines
Caput succedaneum
Cephalohematoma does NOT cross the suture line
Which type of osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by easily fractured bones
type 1
If a child has no red reflex, what diagnosis should you be suspicious of
Retinoblastoma
What is the MC sex chromosome disorder in females, resulting in wideset nipples, excessive
nuchal skin, & lymphadema?
Turners syndrome
Are males or females more likely to develop developmental hip dysplasia?
females
Which reflex is elicited by sudden dropping of infants head, resulting in abductions and
extension of arms/hands
MORO
Birth - 3-6 mo
What does it mean if an infant has absent Moro reflex ? What if it is incomplete?
Absent - UMNL
Incomplete - Brachial Plexus injury
Which reflex is elicited by stroking the infants cheek, resulting in their head turning in the
direction (preparing to suck)
ROOTING
Birth - 3 mo
