Nurs 611 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
NURS 611 EXAM 2 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (MARYVILLE
UNIVERSITY) NEWEST 2025 COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What is myesthenia gravis? - ANSWER-chronic autoimmune disease mediated by acetylcholine
receptors antibodies that act at the neuromuscular junction
When do the first clinical manifestations of myesthenia gravis appear? - ANSWER-during
pregnancy, during the postpartum period, or in conjunction with the administration of certain
anesthetic
What are the hallmark symptoms of myesthenia gravis? - ANSWER-exertion fatigue and
weakness that worsens with activity, improves with rest, and recurs with resumption of activity.
Often have recurring URI
What are the hallmarks of Parkinson's Disease? - ANSWER-resting tremor, pill rolling tremors,
bradykineasia/akinesia, rigidity, and postural abnormalities
What are characteristics of acute pain? - ANSWER-Caused by an external agent or known
disease, usually sudden onset, last up to 6 months, causes increase in HR, diaphoresis, and
dilated pupils, suffering decreases over time and there is a likelihood of complete relief
What are characteristics of chronic pain? - ANSWER-Can be caused by unknown source or
ineffective treatment, pain may develop suddenly or over time, the pain lasts months to years,
suffering increases over time and complete relief is often not possible
What systems can sleep deprivation effect? - ANSWER-respiratory and immune systems
What is the leading cause of visual impairment? - ANSWER-Glaucoma (open angle most
common)
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, Nurs 611 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
When does conductive hearing loss occur? - ANSWER-When there is an interference with air
conduction
What causes conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER-impacted cerumen, foreign bodies in ear
canal. benign tumors in middle ear, carcinoma of external auditory canal or middle ear,
eustachain tube dysfunction, and otitis media
What are symptoms of conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER-diminished hearing and soft
speaking (bone conducting voice makes them sounds louder to self)
When does sensorineural hearing loss occur? - ANSWER-impairment of the organ of Corti or its
central connections
What causes sensorineural hearing loss? - ANSWER-congenital/hereditary factors, noise
exposure, aging, menieres, ototoxicity, and systemic disease
When does presbycusis occur? - ANSWER-age related and usually to high frequencies. Form of
sensorineural
What are the four signs of infection? - ANSWER-redness, heat, swelling, and pain
What causes edema? - ANSWER-Vasodilation causes slow blood viscosity and increases blood
flow to injury site. Capillary permeability increases allowing plasma leakage from vessels
What causes warmth and redness? - ANSWER-Increase in blood flow and concentration of red
cells at site of inflammation
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, Nurs 611 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
What causes pain? - ANSWER-biochemical mediators (histamines, bradykinins, leukotrines, and
prostoglandins) stimulate endothelial calls to contract creating space at junctions between cells
What is a chemotactic factor? - ANSWER-biochemical substance that attracts leukocytes to site
of inflamation
What does phagocytosis do? - ANSWER-destroys microorganisms and cellular debris
What do phagocytes do at the inflammation site? (4 steps) - ANSWER-1. Opsinization:
recognition or target and adherence of phagocyte
2. Engulfment
3. Fusion with lysosomal granules
4. Destruction of target
What are systemic changes associated with acute inflammation? - ANSWER-Fever, leukocytosis,
plasma protein synthesis
What is an early system response to inflammation? - ANSWER-Fever
What causes a fever? - ANSWER-cytokines - endogenous pyrogens. Products released after
phagocytosis initiates it
What do pyrogens act on? - ANSWER-hypothalamus
What does the hypothalamus control? - ANSWER-body's thermostat
How long can it take for tissues to be repaired? - ANSWER-two years
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, Nurs 611 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
When does resolution occur? - ANSWER-If damage is minor and no complication occur.
Destroyed tissues are capable of being regenerated
When does repair? - ANSWER-If damage is severe and regeneration is not possible, infection
occurs, and scar tissue develops
What are the two types of immunity? - ANSWER-humoral and cellular
What is humoral immunity? - ANSWER-Antibodies circulate the blood and bind to infectious
agents. This results in inactivation of microorganism or activation of inflammation mediators to
destroy pathogens. This antibody is responsible for protection against bacteria and viruses
What is cellular immunity? - ANSWER-T cells undergo differentiation during an immune
response and develop into several sub-populations of cells that directly react with an antigen
What are the two types of adaptive immunity? - ANSWER-Active and Passive
What is active immunity? - ANSWER-produced by an individual either after natural exposure or
vaccination
What is passive immunity? - ANSWER-occurs when preformed antibodies or T lymphocytes are
transferred from a donor to the recipient (ex. Breast milk)
What are the four immunoglobulins? - ANSWER-IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE
What is the most abundant immunoglobulin? - ANSWER-IgG
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NURS 611 EXAM 2 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (MARYVILLE
UNIVERSITY) NEWEST 2025 COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What is myesthenia gravis? - ANSWER-chronic autoimmune disease mediated by acetylcholine
receptors antibodies that act at the neuromuscular junction
When do the first clinical manifestations of myesthenia gravis appear? - ANSWER-during
pregnancy, during the postpartum period, or in conjunction with the administration of certain
anesthetic
What are the hallmark symptoms of myesthenia gravis? - ANSWER-exertion fatigue and
weakness that worsens with activity, improves with rest, and recurs with resumption of activity.
Often have recurring URI
What are the hallmarks of Parkinson's Disease? - ANSWER-resting tremor, pill rolling tremors,
bradykineasia/akinesia, rigidity, and postural abnormalities
What are characteristics of acute pain? - ANSWER-Caused by an external agent or known
disease, usually sudden onset, last up to 6 months, causes increase in HR, diaphoresis, and
dilated pupils, suffering decreases over time and there is a likelihood of complete relief
What are characteristics of chronic pain? - ANSWER-Can be caused by unknown source or
ineffective treatment, pain may develop suddenly or over time, the pain lasts months to years,
suffering increases over time and complete relief is often not possible
What systems can sleep deprivation effect? - ANSWER-respiratory and immune systems
What is the leading cause of visual impairment? - ANSWER-Glaucoma (open angle most
common)
1|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
When does conductive hearing loss occur? - ANSWER-When there is an interference with air
conduction
What causes conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER-impacted cerumen, foreign bodies in ear
canal. benign tumors in middle ear, carcinoma of external auditory canal or middle ear,
eustachain tube dysfunction, and otitis media
What are symptoms of conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER-diminished hearing and soft
speaking (bone conducting voice makes them sounds louder to self)
When does sensorineural hearing loss occur? - ANSWER-impairment of the organ of Corti or its
central connections
What causes sensorineural hearing loss? - ANSWER-congenital/hereditary factors, noise
exposure, aging, menieres, ototoxicity, and systemic disease
When does presbycusis occur? - ANSWER-age related and usually to high frequencies. Form of
sensorineural
What are the four signs of infection? - ANSWER-redness, heat, swelling, and pain
What causes edema? - ANSWER-Vasodilation causes slow blood viscosity and increases blood
flow to injury site. Capillary permeability increases allowing plasma leakage from vessels
What causes warmth and redness? - ANSWER-Increase in blood flow and concentration of red
cells at site of inflammation
2|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
What causes pain? - ANSWER-biochemical mediators (histamines, bradykinins, leukotrines, and
prostoglandins) stimulate endothelial calls to contract creating space at junctions between cells
What is a chemotactic factor? - ANSWER-biochemical substance that attracts leukocytes to site
of inflamation
What does phagocytosis do? - ANSWER-destroys microorganisms and cellular debris
What do phagocytes do at the inflammation site? (4 steps) - ANSWER-1. Opsinization:
recognition or target and adherence of phagocyte
2. Engulfment
3. Fusion with lysosomal granules
4. Destruction of target
What are systemic changes associated with acute inflammation? - ANSWER-Fever, leukocytosis,
plasma protein synthesis
What is an early system response to inflammation? - ANSWER-Fever
What causes a fever? - ANSWER-cytokines - endogenous pyrogens. Products released after
phagocytosis initiates it
What do pyrogens act on? - ANSWER-hypothalamus
What does the hypothalamus control? - ANSWER-body's thermostat
How long can it take for tissues to be repaired? - ANSWER-two years
3|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
When does resolution occur? - ANSWER-If damage is minor and no complication occur.
Destroyed tissues are capable of being regenerated
When does repair? - ANSWER-If damage is severe and regeneration is not possible, infection
occurs, and scar tissue develops
What are the two types of immunity? - ANSWER-humoral and cellular
What is humoral immunity? - ANSWER-Antibodies circulate the blood and bind to infectious
agents. This results in inactivation of microorganism or activation of inflammation mediators to
destroy pathogens. This antibody is responsible for protection against bacteria and viruses
What is cellular immunity? - ANSWER-T cells undergo differentiation during an immune
response and develop into several sub-populations of cells that directly react with an antigen
What are the two types of adaptive immunity? - ANSWER-Active and Passive
What is active immunity? - ANSWER-produced by an individual either after natural exposure or
vaccination
What is passive immunity? - ANSWER-occurs when preformed antibodies or T lymphocytes are
transferred from a donor to the recipient (ex. Breast milk)
What are the four immunoglobulins? - ANSWER-IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE
What is the most abundant immunoglobulin? - ANSWER-IgG
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