Nurs 5315 Adv Patho Exam 3 Set 1 Latest Update
2025-2026 85 Questions and 100% Verified
Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
Afterload definition - CORRECT ANSWER: resistance that the ventricle must over come
during systole to eject blood into circulation, aortic pressure and systemic vascular
resistance
Increased aortic pressure/SVR > increased afterload > ventricular hypertrophy
decreased afterload enables heart to contract faster
Increased afterload slows contractions
Alterations in anatomy and physiology with aging - CORRECT ANSWER: blood vessel
stiffening/decreased elasticity
LV hypertrophy and fibrosis > valvular heart disease
Anterior wall MI (LAD) - CORRECT ANSWER: ST-elevation or Q waves, or ST
depression in V1-V4
Anterolateral MI (LAD or LCX) - CORRECT ANSWER: ST elevations, Q waves or ST
depression in V4-6
Anteroseptal MI (LAD) - CORRECT ANSWER: ST elevations, Q waves or ST
depression in V1-V2
antiarrhythmic drug classes - CORRECT ANSWER: Class 1 = Na channel blockers
Class 2 = Beta blockers
Class 3 = K+ channel blockers (prolongs action potential duration)
Class 4 = Ca channel blockers
, 'No Bears Kiss Cats'
Antiarrhythmic drugs - CORRECT ANSWER: target cardiac action potentials
arterial blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER: cardiac output x peripheral resistance
arteriosclerosis: definition and three types - CORRECT ANSWER: abnormal thickening
and loss of elasticity of the walls of an artery or arteries
monckeberg - calcification of medium sized arteries
arteriolosclerosis - hyaline thickening of small arteries
atherosclerosis - accumulation of fat, WBC, platelets in the vessel wall and forms a
plaque in the intima of the artery
atrial septal defect (ASD): Risk factors, Etiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology
- CORRECT ANSWER: E: flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart
RF: age > 40, previous child w/ CHD, SLE, diabetes, ETOH, infection, aspirin, phenytoin
CM: crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur
Patho:
Complications: increased risk of embolus
Beta Blockers: effect on myocardial contraction - CORRECT ANSWER: decrease heart
rate and dilate arteries by blocking beta receptors
Decreases contractions
They do this by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
Clinical Implications: used for chest pain and hypertension
Calcium imbalance affect on myocardial action potentials - CORRECT ANSWER:
Hypocalcemia-decreased contractility
Hypercalcemia-increased contractility>ST and PJCs, vasoconstriction
2025-2026 85 Questions and 100% Verified
Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
Afterload definition - CORRECT ANSWER: resistance that the ventricle must over come
during systole to eject blood into circulation, aortic pressure and systemic vascular
resistance
Increased aortic pressure/SVR > increased afterload > ventricular hypertrophy
decreased afterload enables heart to contract faster
Increased afterload slows contractions
Alterations in anatomy and physiology with aging - CORRECT ANSWER: blood vessel
stiffening/decreased elasticity
LV hypertrophy and fibrosis > valvular heart disease
Anterior wall MI (LAD) - CORRECT ANSWER: ST-elevation or Q waves, or ST
depression in V1-V4
Anterolateral MI (LAD or LCX) - CORRECT ANSWER: ST elevations, Q waves or ST
depression in V4-6
Anteroseptal MI (LAD) - CORRECT ANSWER: ST elevations, Q waves or ST
depression in V1-V2
antiarrhythmic drug classes - CORRECT ANSWER: Class 1 = Na channel blockers
Class 2 = Beta blockers
Class 3 = K+ channel blockers (prolongs action potential duration)
Class 4 = Ca channel blockers
, 'No Bears Kiss Cats'
Antiarrhythmic drugs - CORRECT ANSWER: target cardiac action potentials
arterial blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER: cardiac output x peripheral resistance
arteriosclerosis: definition and three types - CORRECT ANSWER: abnormal thickening
and loss of elasticity of the walls of an artery or arteries
monckeberg - calcification of medium sized arteries
arteriolosclerosis - hyaline thickening of small arteries
atherosclerosis - accumulation of fat, WBC, platelets in the vessel wall and forms a
plaque in the intima of the artery
atrial septal defect (ASD): Risk factors, Etiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology
- CORRECT ANSWER: E: flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart
RF: age > 40, previous child w/ CHD, SLE, diabetes, ETOH, infection, aspirin, phenytoin
CM: crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur
Patho:
Complications: increased risk of embolus
Beta Blockers: effect on myocardial contraction - CORRECT ANSWER: decrease heart
rate and dilate arteries by blocking beta receptors
Decreases contractions
They do this by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
Clinical Implications: used for chest pain and hypertension
Calcium imbalance affect on myocardial action potentials - CORRECT ANSWER:
Hypocalcemia-decreased contractility
Hypercalcemia-increased contractility>ST and PJCs, vasoconstriction
