AHN 572 Neuro 1 Questions With
Complete Solutions
Coup - Correct answerBruising at direct impact
Countercoup - Correct answerCranial Contents shift, temporal or posterior
region
Mechanism of Injury : Acceleraiton-Deceleration - Correct answerCoup-
countercoup, where rapid acceleration of head hits directly, then crainial contents stop
and shift then decelerate (diffuse injury)
blunt trauma - Correct answerDirect impact
Penetrating Trauma - Correct answerPenetrates into the brain tissue
High velocity trauma example - Correct answerGun shot wound
Low velocity trauma example - Correct answerSwinging hammer
Coup-Countercoup trauma example - Correct answerHead hitting dashboard
in MVC
3 types of primary head injury - Correct answer1. Scalp lac
2. Skull Fracture
3. Brain Injury
Scalp Lac assessment - Correct answerMost common injury,
Get good HPI,
Ask about timing of last tetanus shot
Scalp Lac PE findings - Correct answerProfuse bleeding, Apply direct pressure
if no underlying skull fracture,
Monitor what for scalp lac - Correct answers/s of hypotension & shock:
tachycardia, decreased Urinary Output, AMS
,Scalp Lac treatment - Correct answerexamine Thoroughly, clean before
suturing.
Sutures for face
Staples for scalp
5 types of skull fractures - Correct answer1. simple
2. depressed
3. compound
4. penetrating
5. basilar
Simple Skull Fracture - Correct answerNo displacement of bone, requires no
specific treatment
Depressed Skull Fracture - Correct answerFragment depressed into skull
S/S depressed skull fracture - Correct answerasymptomatic : possibly altered
LOC
Treatment of Depressed Skull Fracture - Correct answerProphylactic antibiotic,
tetanus if needed, seizure precaution and consult neurosurgery
Compound Bone Skull Fracture - Correct answerBone depressed and in part
is sticking out through the skin
Penetrating skull fracture - Correct answerObject penetrating into the skull and
possibly brain tissue
Basilar Skull Fracture - Correct answerFracture in the floor of the skull
Treatment for Basilar skull fracture - Correct answerPrescribe prophylactic
antibiotics
Identifying features of Basilar Skull Fracture - Correct answer1. Raccoon eyes
2. Battle's Sign - Mastoid Ecchymosis
3. CSF leakage - rhinorrhea, or otorrhea
Testing for CSF lead - Correct answerCSF is high in glucose and sodium, test
for glucose on Accu Chek will be positive.
, Place drop of blood on filter and look for a halo sign
DO NOT OBSTRUCT FLOW
Two types of brain injury - Correct answer1. Concussion
2. Contusion
Concussion - Correct answerTransient and reversible, associated with breif
loss of conciousness, and amnesia of events
Symptoms of concussion - Correct answerLethargy, nausea, headache,
dizziness
Treatment for Concussion - Correct answer1. DO NOT GIVE OPIODS
Education for Concussion - Correct answerCome back to the ER if:
projectile vomiting, unresponsive, unusual irritableness
When to admit for concussion (5) - Correct answer1. unconscious for > 5mins
2. Abnormal Head CT
3. GCS < 15
4. Predisposed to bleeding, seizures
5. No responsible caregiver at home
Definition of contusion - Correct answerBruising to surface of brain with edema
Coup injury - Correct answerbruising on side of impact
Countercoup injury - Correct answerbruising on contralateral side of impact
Symptoms of Contusion - Correct answerVariable levels of LOC seen
Amnesia
Nausea vomiting dizziness are all common
Implement a seizure precautions
Definition of hematoma - Correct answerLocalized bleeding outside of blood
vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve
blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries
Complete Solutions
Coup - Correct answerBruising at direct impact
Countercoup - Correct answerCranial Contents shift, temporal or posterior
region
Mechanism of Injury : Acceleraiton-Deceleration - Correct answerCoup-
countercoup, where rapid acceleration of head hits directly, then crainial contents stop
and shift then decelerate (diffuse injury)
blunt trauma - Correct answerDirect impact
Penetrating Trauma - Correct answerPenetrates into the brain tissue
High velocity trauma example - Correct answerGun shot wound
Low velocity trauma example - Correct answerSwinging hammer
Coup-Countercoup trauma example - Correct answerHead hitting dashboard
in MVC
3 types of primary head injury - Correct answer1. Scalp lac
2. Skull Fracture
3. Brain Injury
Scalp Lac assessment - Correct answerMost common injury,
Get good HPI,
Ask about timing of last tetanus shot
Scalp Lac PE findings - Correct answerProfuse bleeding, Apply direct pressure
if no underlying skull fracture,
Monitor what for scalp lac - Correct answers/s of hypotension & shock:
tachycardia, decreased Urinary Output, AMS
,Scalp Lac treatment - Correct answerexamine Thoroughly, clean before
suturing.
Sutures for face
Staples for scalp
5 types of skull fractures - Correct answer1. simple
2. depressed
3. compound
4. penetrating
5. basilar
Simple Skull Fracture - Correct answerNo displacement of bone, requires no
specific treatment
Depressed Skull Fracture - Correct answerFragment depressed into skull
S/S depressed skull fracture - Correct answerasymptomatic : possibly altered
LOC
Treatment of Depressed Skull Fracture - Correct answerProphylactic antibiotic,
tetanus if needed, seizure precaution and consult neurosurgery
Compound Bone Skull Fracture - Correct answerBone depressed and in part
is sticking out through the skin
Penetrating skull fracture - Correct answerObject penetrating into the skull and
possibly brain tissue
Basilar Skull Fracture - Correct answerFracture in the floor of the skull
Treatment for Basilar skull fracture - Correct answerPrescribe prophylactic
antibiotics
Identifying features of Basilar Skull Fracture - Correct answer1. Raccoon eyes
2. Battle's Sign - Mastoid Ecchymosis
3. CSF leakage - rhinorrhea, or otorrhea
Testing for CSF lead - Correct answerCSF is high in glucose and sodium, test
for glucose on Accu Chek will be positive.
, Place drop of blood on filter and look for a halo sign
DO NOT OBSTRUCT FLOW
Two types of brain injury - Correct answer1. Concussion
2. Contusion
Concussion - Correct answerTransient and reversible, associated with breif
loss of conciousness, and amnesia of events
Symptoms of concussion - Correct answerLethargy, nausea, headache,
dizziness
Treatment for Concussion - Correct answer1. DO NOT GIVE OPIODS
Education for Concussion - Correct answerCome back to the ER if:
projectile vomiting, unresponsive, unusual irritableness
When to admit for concussion (5) - Correct answer1. unconscious for > 5mins
2. Abnormal Head CT
3. GCS < 15
4. Predisposed to bleeding, seizures
5. No responsible caregiver at home
Definition of contusion - Correct answerBruising to surface of brain with edema
Coup injury - Correct answerbruising on side of impact
Countercoup injury - Correct answerbruising on contralateral side of impact
Symptoms of Contusion - Correct answerVariable levels of LOC seen
Amnesia
Nausea vomiting dizziness are all common
Implement a seizure precautions
Definition of hematoma - Correct answerLocalized bleeding outside of blood
vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve
blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries
