Nurs 611 Exam 3 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
NURS 611 EXAM 3 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (MARYVILLE
UNIVERSITY) NEWEST 2025 COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What 2 characteristics are more likely to cause PA than the actual prevalence of vit B12
deficiency? - ANSWER-1. Use of gastric acid-blocking agents
2. Aging of the U.S. population
How does pernicious anemia develop? What is the median age of diagnosis? - ANSWER-Slowly,
over 20-30 years
-60 years old
What are the 8 classic signs of anemia? - ANSWER-1. Weakness
2. Fatigue
3. Parestesias (feet/fingers)
4. Difficulty walking
5. Loss of Appetite
6. Abdominal Pain
7. Weight loss
8. Sore Tongue (smooth/beefy red)
what causes the red beefy tongue? - ANSWER-Secondary to atrophic glossitis
What is Microcytic-Hypochromic Anemia characterized by? - ANSWER-Abnormally small
erythrocytes that contain unusually reduced amounts of hemoglobin
1|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 3 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
What is the most common nutritional disorder of Microcytic-Hypochromic Anemia? - ANSWER-
Iron deficient anemia
How can iron deficient anemia arise? - ANSWER-Through inadequate dietary intake and
excessive blood loss
2 common causes of IDA in developing countries? - ANSWER--pregnancy
-Chronic blood loss
What amount of blood loss can cause IDA? - ANSWER-2-4mL/day (1-2mg of iron)
What is the main cause of IDA in females? - ANSWER-Menorrhagia
How do males experience bleeding/causes of IDA (7)? - ANSWER-1. Ulcers
2. Hiatal hernias
3. Esophageal varices
4. Cirrhosis
5. Cancer
6. Ulcerative Colitis
7. Hemorrhoids
What GI associated problems can lead to IDA? - ANSWER--Occult bleeding source
-Gi cancer/lesion
Early symptoms of IDA? - ANSWER--Fatigue
-Palpitations
2|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 3 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
-SOB
-Pale earlobes/palms/ conjunctivae
What is the problem with IDA symptoms? - ANSWER-They begin gradually and people doesn't
get help until their hgb levels decrease to 7-8 g/dL
What type of condition is aplastic anemia? - ANSWER-1. A critical condition (in most cases)
caused by an autoimmune disease
2. It causes an attack against hematopoiesis by activated cytotoxic T cells
What is aplastic anemia characterized by? - ANSWER-Pancytopenia- A reduction or absence of
all 3 blood cell types
What 2 unique properties do RBC's have? - ANSWER-1. Biconcave shape
2. Capacity to be reversibly deformed
What does the flattened, biconcave shape of an RBC provide? - ANSWER-A surface area/
volume ratio thats optimal for gas diffusion into and out fo the cell
How does the RBCs reversible deformity allow for the erythrocyte? - ANSWER-To assume a
more compact torpedo-like shape, squeeze through microcirculation, and return to normal
What is hemoglobin synthesis very dependent on? - ANSWER-Nutritional intake
Name two of the most important nutrients for hemoglobin synthesis? - ANSWER--Vitamin B6
(pyridoxine)
-Iron
3|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 3 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
What are the values of iron for male and females? - ANSWER-Male: 16
Female: 14
What makes the iron cycle possible? - ANSWER-Transferin
What is transferrin? - ANSWER-Plasma Carrier
Explain the process of the iron cycle: - ANSWER-1. Tissue macrophages (mostly in spleen) break
down ingested erythrocytes
2. Break down ingested erythrocytes
3. Return iron to the bloodstream directly or after storing it
What are leukocytes and what two things do they do? - ANSWER-- WBCs
1.Defends the body against microorganisms that cause infection
2. Remove debris (dead/injured cells)
What do leukocytes primarily act in? Where are they transported? - ANSWER-The tissues but
are transported in the circulation
How many leukocytes does the average adult have? - ANSWER-5-10k leukocytes/mm3 of blood
What is the most numerous and best understood of the granulocytes? - ANSWER-Neutrophils
(PMN)
What are immature neutrophils called? - ANSWER-bands or stabs
4|Page
NURS 611 EXAM 3 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (MARYVILLE
UNIVERSITY) NEWEST 2025 COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What 2 characteristics are more likely to cause PA than the actual prevalence of vit B12
deficiency? - ANSWER-1. Use of gastric acid-blocking agents
2. Aging of the U.S. population
How does pernicious anemia develop? What is the median age of diagnosis? - ANSWER-Slowly,
over 20-30 years
-60 years old
What are the 8 classic signs of anemia? - ANSWER-1. Weakness
2. Fatigue
3. Parestesias (feet/fingers)
4. Difficulty walking
5. Loss of Appetite
6. Abdominal Pain
7. Weight loss
8. Sore Tongue (smooth/beefy red)
what causes the red beefy tongue? - ANSWER-Secondary to atrophic glossitis
What is Microcytic-Hypochromic Anemia characterized by? - ANSWER-Abnormally small
erythrocytes that contain unusually reduced amounts of hemoglobin
1|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 3 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
What is the most common nutritional disorder of Microcytic-Hypochromic Anemia? - ANSWER-
Iron deficient anemia
How can iron deficient anemia arise? - ANSWER-Through inadequate dietary intake and
excessive blood loss
2 common causes of IDA in developing countries? - ANSWER--pregnancy
-Chronic blood loss
What amount of blood loss can cause IDA? - ANSWER-2-4mL/day (1-2mg of iron)
What is the main cause of IDA in females? - ANSWER-Menorrhagia
How do males experience bleeding/causes of IDA (7)? - ANSWER-1. Ulcers
2. Hiatal hernias
3. Esophageal varices
4. Cirrhosis
5. Cancer
6. Ulcerative Colitis
7. Hemorrhoids
What GI associated problems can lead to IDA? - ANSWER--Occult bleeding source
-Gi cancer/lesion
Early symptoms of IDA? - ANSWER--Fatigue
-Palpitations
2|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 3 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
-SOB
-Pale earlobes/palms/ conjunctivae
What is the problem with IDA symptoms? - ANSWER-They begin gradually and people doesn't
get help until their hgb levels decrease to 7-8 g/dL
What type of condition is aplastic anemia? - ANSWER-1. A critical condition (in most cases)
caused by an autoimmune disease
2. It causes an attack against hematopoiesis by activated cytotoxic T cells
What is aplastic anemia characterized by? - ANSWER-Pancytopenia- A reduction or absence of
all 3 blood cell types
What 2 unique properties do RBC's have? - ANSWER-1. Biconcave shape
2. Capacity to be reversibly deformed
What does the flattened, biconcave shape of an RBC provide? - ANSWER-A surface area/
volume ratio thats optimal for gas diffusion into and out fo the cell
How does the RBCs reversible deformity allow for the erythrocyte? - ANSWER-To assume a
more compact torpedo-like shape, squeeze through microcirculation, and return to normal
What is hemoglobin synthesis very dependent on? - ANSWER-Nutritional intake
Name two of the most important nutrients for hemoglobin synthesis? - ANSWER--Vitamin B6
(pyridoxine)
-Iron
3|Page
, Nurs 611 Exam 3 Advanced Pathophysiology (Maryville University)
What are the values of iron for male and females? - ANSWER-Male: 16
Female: 14
What makes the iron cycle possible? - ANSWER-Transferin
What is transferrin? - ANSWER-Plasma Carrier
Explain the process of the iron cycle: - ANSWER-1. Tissue macrophages (mostly in spleen) break
down ingested erythrocytes
2. Break down ingested erythrocytes
3. Return iron to the bloodstream directly or after storing it
What are leukocytes and what two things do they do? - ANSWER-- WBCs
1.Defends the body against microorganisms that cause infection
2. Remove debris (dead/injured cells)
What do leukocytes primarily act in? Where are they transported? - ANSWER-The tissues but
are transported in the circulation
How many leukocytes does the average adult have? - ANSWER-5-10k leukocytes/mm3 of blood
What is the most numerous and best understood of the granulocytes? - ANSWER-Neutrophils
(PMN)
What are immature neutrophils called? - ANSWER-bands or stabs
4|Page
