· Programming for Problem Solving
· Unit-1: Introduction to Programming
· Themed & Designed Summary
· Date: June 27, 2025
, · Unit-1: Introduction to Programming
"Programming for Problem Solving”-Unit-1 Introduction to
Programming
● Introduction to Computer System:
○ A computer is an electronic device made of hardware and software. 1
○ It takes input (data), processes it, stores intermediate and final data, and provides
output (information). 2
○ A diagram illustrates the flow: Input -> Processor (CPU - Arithmetic Logic Unit,
Control Unit) -> Storage Unit (Primary, Secondary) -> Output (Information). 3
○ Computer Hardware: Refers to the physical components like CPU and mouse that
perform physical work. 4
○ Computer Software: Commands hardware on what and how to do tasks. 5
○ Components of Computer System (Major Tasks): Input, Process
(calculations/operations), Control (transformation process), Storage (intermediate
and final results), Provides Output (information). 6
○ Types of Software: System Software (e.g., Windows, Unix) and Application Software
(e.g., MS Office programs, games, Paint, MS Word).
● Characteristics of Computer:
○ Speed: Dependent on CPU speed, calculated by instructions performed per second,
measured in Hertz (Hz). 7
○ Accuracy/Correctness: Performs tasks accurately. Garbage Input leads to Garbage
Output. 8
○ Automation: Once input is given, the computer automatically processes it to provide
desired output. 9
○ Diligence: Computers don't get tired of repetitive tasks, performing them with the
same accuracy and execution time. 10
○ Performs tasks with the same efficiency even if many are assigned. 11
○ Memory: Stores final and intermediate results. 12
● Operating System:
Page 1 | Programming Notes
· Unit-1: Introduction to Programming
· Themed & Designed Summary
· Date: June 27, 2025
, · Unit-1: Introduction to Programming
"Programming for Problem Solving”-Unit-1 Introduction to
Programming
● Introduction to Computer System:
○ A computer is an electronic device made of hardware and software. 1
○ It takes input (data), processes it, stores intermediate and final data, and provides
output (information). 2
○ A diagram illustrates the flow: Input -> Processor (CPU - Arithmetic Logic Unit,
Control Unit) -> Storage Unit (Primary, Secondary) -> Output (Information). 3
○ Computer Hardware: Refers to the physical components like CPU and mouse that
perform physical work. 4
○ Computer Software: Commands hardware on what and how to do tasks. 5
○ Components of Computer System (Major Tasks): Input, Process
(calculations/operations), Control (transformation process), Storage (intermediate
and final results), Provides Output (information). 6
○ Types of Software: System Software (e.g., Windows, Unix) and Application Software
(e.g., MS Office programs, games, Paint, MS Word).
● Characteristics of Computer:
○ Speed: Dependent on CPU speed, calculated by instructions performed per second,
measured in Hertz (Hz). 7
○ Accuracy/Correctness: Performs tasks accurately. Garbage Input leads to Garbage
Output. 8
○ Automation: Once input is given, the computer automatically processes it to provide
desired output. 9
○ Diligence: Computers don't get tired of repetitive tasks, performing them with the
same accuracy and execution time. 10
○ Performs tasks with the same efficiency even if many are assigned. 11
○ Memory: Stores final and intermediate results. 12
● Operating System:
Page 1 | Programming Notes
