Peds/Maternity Final Exam Study Guide
Review
Sickle Cell Anemia:
- Dx = Newborn Screening
- Patient having extreme leg or abdominal pain = Give Morphine
- Patient with pain and fever = Blood culture to test for infection
- NO CURE, but possible bone marrow transplants
- If a patient with sickle cell is in pain and has had pain med but still has a headache….CALL
MD… patient could be having a stroke and needs a CT scan: on test
- Management = KEEP HYDRATED and TREAT PAIN this exact answer option was on the test
o No strenuous exercise, no high altitudes, get annual vaccines, and take folic
acid supplement
Hemophilia:
- Absence of a protein in coagulation
- Management = Joint pain or swelling…. COLD
COMPRESS Leukemia:
- Question asked what should you do for a child with leukemia? Allow them to play with
other kids that do not experience fear? This is what I put. You wouldn’t want them in
- Most common childhood cancer
- Acute lymphoid = Young children
o Chemo and radiation …. If child fails to stay in remission, they become candidate
for bone marrow transplant
- Expected findings = low O2, low energy level, low WBC, low platelet
- S/S = petechia, joint pain, and headache that won’t go away due to increased ICP
- Teachings:
o Chemo
▪ Cool, Clear liquids or ice chips
▪ Use soft sponge toothbrush
▪ Watch for ulcers and monitor blood pressure
▪ IF reaction to chemotherapy… first STOP the pump, then flush the line and
call the MD: on test
▪ Child may take Zofran for n/v
Infection Control:
- Best way to prevent spread of infection…..HAND WASHING
- It wanted to know the priority intervention. The other interventions were important, like
keep patient isolated, cover the area, use bacterial ointment, but hand washing is the answer
Wilms Tumor:
- Tumor in the kidney (usually unilateral, encapsulated)
1
, - S/S = Weight loss, abdominal swelling
- NEVER PALPATE THE ABDOMEN WHEN THIS IS SUSPECTED
- Tx = Removal of kidney
o POST OP
▪ Priority Assessment = I/O’s
▪ Chemo and Radiation
▪ Monitor Blood Pressure
Osteosarcoma:
- Bone cancer
- Most common in long bones of the lower extremities
- Bones such as the femur? This was an answer option
- Tx = Limb Salvage Procedure
Retinoblastoma:
- Cancer on the retina of the eye
- S/S = white eyed reflex, pain, loss of vision
- Tx = Chemo, removal of
lens CNS Tumors:
- Cortex = Chemo (better prognosis)
- Glyoma = Chemo & Radiation (poor prognosis)
- Biggest S/S = Consecutive headache accompanied with nausea
o Neuroblastoma
▪ Chemo/Radiation
▪ Surgery to remove
▪ SILENT TUMOR: on test
▪ Usually comes back
▪ Patients with a brain tumor that have sudden increase ICP =
CALL NEUROSUREGON: on test
Grief and Loss:
- A dying child needs = HONESTY AND ACCURECY OF INFORMATION
- Views of death:
o Toddler =
▪ Egocentrism makes them not understand death but be more affected by
change in lifestyle (they feel the absence of person)
o Pre-school =
▪ Death is temporary
▪ Be patient with these children regression
▪ Answer option was they don’t have a great understanding of death
o School Age =
▪ Deeper understanding
▪ Personify death as a monster and fear punishment associated with death
2
Review
Sickle Cell Anemia:
- Dx = Newborn Screening
- Patient having extreme leg or abdominal pain = Give Morphine
- Patient with pain and fever = Blood culture to test for infection
- NO CURE, but possible bone marrow transplants
- If a patient with sickle cell is in pain and has had pain med but still has a headache….CALL
MD… patient could be having a stroke and needs a CT scan: on test
- Management = KEEP HYDRATED and TREAT PAIN this exact answer option was on the test
o No strenuous exercise, no high altitudes, get annual vaccines, and take folic
acid supplement
Hemophilia:
- Absence of a protein in coagulation
- Management = Joint pain or swelling…. COLD
COMPRESS Leukemia:
- Question asked what should you do for a child with leukemia? Allow them to play with
other kids that do not experience fear? This is what I put. You wouldn’t want them in
- Most common childhood cancer
- Acute lymphoid = Young children
o Chemo and radiation …. If child fails to stay in remission, they become candidate
for bone marrow transplant
- Expected findings = low O2, low energy level, low WBC, low platelet
- S/S = petechia, joint pain, and headache that won’t go away due to increased ICP
- Teachings:
o Chemo
▪ Cool, Clear liquids or ice chips
▪ Use soft sponge toothbrush
▪ Watch for ulcers and monitor blood pressure
▪ IF reaction to chemotherapy… first STOP the pump, then flush the line and
call the MD: on test
▪ Child may take Zofran for n/v
Infection Control:
- Best way to prevent spread of infection…..HAND WASHING
- It wanted to know the priority intervention. The other interventions were important, like
keep patient isolated, cover the area, use bacterial ointment, but hand washing is the answer
Wilms Tumor:
- Tumor in the kidney (usually unilateral, encapsulated)
1
, - S/S = Weight loss, abdominal swelling
- NEVER PALPATE THE ABDOMEN WHEN THIS IS SUSPECTED
- Tx = Removal of kidney
o POST OP
▪ Priority Assessment = I/O’s
▪ Chemo and Radiation
▪ Monitor Blood Pressure
Osteosarcoma:
- Bone cancer
- Most common in long bones of the lower extremities
- Bones such as the femur? This was an answer option
- Tx = Limb Salvage Procedure
Retinoblastoma:
- Cancer on the retina of the eye
- S/S = white eyed reflex, pain, loss of vision
- Tx = Chemo, removal of
lens CNS Tumors:
- Cortex = Chemo (better prognosis)
- Glyoma = Chemo & Radiation (poor prognosis)
- Biggest S/S = Consecutive headache accompanied with nausea
o Neuroblastoma
▪ Chemo/Radiation
▪ Surgery to remove
▪ SILENT TUMOR: on test
▪ Usually comes back
▪ Patients with a brain tumor that have sudden increase ICP =
CALL NEUROSUREGON: on test
Grief and Loss:
- A dying child needs = HONESTY AND ACCURECY OF INFORMATION
- Views of death:
o Toddler =
▪ Egocentrism makes them not understand death but be more affected by
change in lifestyle (they feel the absence of person)
o Pre-school =
▪ Death is temporary
▪ Be patient with these children regression
▪ Answer option was they don’t have a great understanding of death
o School Age =
▪ Deeper understanding
▪ Personify death as a monster and fear punishment associated with death
2
