Test Bank For Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition by Olga A. C. Ibsen, ISBN 978-0323400626||Complete Guide A+

,Chapter 01: Introduction to Preliminary Diagnosis of Oral Lesions
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Ibsen: Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ff




1. Which descriptive term is described as a segment that is part of the whole?
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a. Bulla
b. Vesicle
c. Lobule
d. Pustule
ANS: f f C
A lobule is described as a segment or lobe that is part of a whole. A bulla is a large, elevated
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lesion that contains serous fluid and may look like a blister. A vesicle is a small, elevated
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lesion that contains serous fluid. Pustules are circumscribed elevations containing pus.
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REF: f f Vocabulary, Clinical of Soft Tissue Lesions, page 1 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff OBJ: ff f f 1

2. A lesion with a sessile base is described as
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a. an ulcer. ff


b. stemlike.
c. pedunculated.
d. flat and broad. ff ff




ANS: f f D
Sessile describes the base of a lesion that is flat and broad. An ulcer is a break in the
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surface epithelium. A stemlike lesion is referred to as pedunculated. A pedunculated lesion is
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stemlike or stalk-based (similar to a mushroom).
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REF: f f Vocabulary, Clinical Appearance of Soft Tissue Lesions, page 1 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


OBJ:
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3. Which condition is not diagnosed through clinical appearance?
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a. Mandibular tori ff


b. Fordyce granules ff


c. Black hairy tongue ff ff


d. Compound odontoma ff




ANS: f f D
The compound odontoma is initially identified radiographically as a radiopaque area in which
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tooth structure can be identified. No clinical component exists. Mandibular tori are
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identified clinically as areas of exostosis on the lingual aspects of mandibular premolars.
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Fordyce granules are yellow clusters of ectopic sebaceous glands diagnosed through
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clinical appearance. Black hairy tongue is diagnosed clinically. The filiform papillae on the
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dorsal tongue elongate and become brown or black. Causes include tobacco, alcohol,
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hydrogen peroxide, chemical rinses, antibiotics, and antacids.
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REF: f f Radiographic Diagnosis, page 9 ff ff ff OBJ: f f f f 3

4. Another name for geographic tongue is ff ff ff ff ff

, a. median rhomboid glossitis. ff ff


b. benign migratory glossitis. ff ff


c. fissured tongue. ff


d. black hairy tongue. ff ff




ANS: f f B
Benign migratory glossitis is another name for geographic tongue. Research suggests that
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median rhomboid glossitis is associated with a chronic fungal infection from Candida
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albicans. Sometimes the condition resolves with antifungal therapy. Fissured tongue is seen
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in 5% of the population. It is a variant of normal. Genetic factors are typically associated
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with the condition. Black hairy tongue is caused by a reaction to chemicals, tobacco,
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hydrogen peroxide, or antacids. The filiform papillae on the dorsal tongue become
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elongated and are dark brown to black.
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REF: f f Geographic Tongue, page 24 ff ff ff OBJ: f f f f 7

5. This bony hard structure in the midline of the hard palate is genetic in origin and inherited
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in an autosomal dominant manner. The diagnosis is made through clinical appearance.
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Which condition is suspected?
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a. Palatal cyst ff


b. Torus palatinus ff


c. Mixed tumor ff


d. Ranula
ANS: f f B
A torus palatinus is developmental and bony hard and is found on the midline of the palate.
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Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical appearance. A palatal cyst appears radiolucent on
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a radiographic examination and is not diagnosed through clinical appearance. A mixed tumor
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or pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of salivary gland origin, found unilaterally off
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the midline of the hard palate. It is composed of tumor tissue that is not bony hard to
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palpation.
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Ranula is a term used for a mucocele-like lesion that forms unilaterally on the floor of the
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mouth.
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REF: f f Torus Palatinus, page 21 ff ff ff OBJ: f f f f 4

6. The gray-white opalescent film seen on the buccal mucosa of 85% of black adults is a
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variant of normal that requires no treatment and is termed
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a. linea alba. ff


b. leukoedema.
c. leukoplakia.
d. white sponge nevus. ff ff




ANS: f f B
Leukoedema is a diffuse opalescence most commonly seen on the buccal mucosa in black
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individuals. Linea alba is a “white line” that extends anteroposteriorly on the buccal
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mucosa along the occlusal plane. It is most prominent in patients who have a clenching or
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grinding habit. Leukoplakia is a clinical term for a white lesion, the cause of which is
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unknown. White sponge nevus is a genetic (autosomal dominant) trait. Clinically, it is
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characterized by a soft white, folded (or corrugated) oral mucosa. A thick layer of keratin
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produces the whitening.
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REF: ff ff Leukoedema, page 23 ff ff OBJ: f f f f 8

, 7. Which condition most likely responds to therapeutic diagnosis?
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a. Angular cheilitis ff


b. Amelogenesis imperfecta ff


c. Paget disease ff


d. Stafne bone cyst ff ff




ANS: f f A
Angular cheilitis most commonly responds to antifungal therapy once nutritional
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deficiencies have been ruled out. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a genetic condition associated
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with abnormal development of the enamel. Paget disease is a chronic metabolic bone
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disease. A highly elevated serum alkaline phosphatase level contributes significantly to the
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diagnosis. A Stafne bone cyst is determined through surgical diagnosis in which entrapped
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salivary gland tissue is identified.
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REF: f f Therapeutic Diagnosis, page 18 ff ff ff OBJ: f f f f 3

8. The gingival enlargement in this patient was caused by a calcium channel blocker. Which
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medication is the likely cause?
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a. Dilantin
b. Nifedipine
c. Quinidine
d. Clozapine
ANS: f f B
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker. Dilantin is an anticonvulsant used to prevent or
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control seizures. Quinidine is an antiarrhythmic agent used to treat cardiac arrhythmias.
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Clozapine is an antipsychotic used in the management of psychotic symptoms in
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schizophrenia.
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REF: f f Historical Diagnosis, Fig. 1.38, page 17 ff ff ff ff ff OBJ: ff f f 3

9. Radiographic features, including cotton-wool radiopacities and hypercementosis, are
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ff especially helpful in the diagnosis of ff ff ff ff ff


a. Paget disease. ff


b. dentinogenesis imperfecta. ff


c. anemia.
d. diabetes.
ANS: f f A
Paget disease is a chronic metabolic bone disease. Radiographically, cotton-wool radiopacities
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and hypercementosis are characteristic features. Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a genetic
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condition involving a defect in the development of dentin. Anemia, a decrease in red blood
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cells, requires blood tests to determine the etiologic factors. Diabetes is a chronic disorder of
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carbohydrate metabolism characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels.
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REF: f f Laboratory Diagnosis, Fig. 1.40, pages 16, 18 ff ff ff ff ff ff OBJ: ff f f 3

10. In internal resorption, the radiolucency seen on radiographic examination is usually
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a. well circumscribed. ff


b. diffuse.