TEST BANK For Theoretical Basis for Nursing, 6th
American Edition by Melanie McEwen; Evelyn M. Wills,
Knowledge - ANSWER Refers to awareness or perception of reality acquired
through insight, learning, or investigation.
knowledge - ANSWER within a discipline, it is what we collectively see as a
reasonably accurate understanding of the world as envisioned by that DISCIPLINE
knowledge - ANSWER --tentative and can be expanded/refined over time.
Epistemology - ANSWER Study of knowledge
Questions we ask for epistemology (study of knowledge) - ANSWER what do we
know?
what is the extent of our knowledge?
how do we decide whether we know?
what are the criteria for knowledge?
ways we know-- - ANSWER we need to know how we know- different kinds of
knowledge (hunch- intuitive knowledge, science- empiric knowledge, etc)
Empirics - ANSWER Scientific knowledge coming from observation, testing, and
replication. (ex- helps is take accurate BP)
Personal knowledge - ANSWER Knowledge gained through thought alone
(association/reflection, etc)
Esthetic knowledge - ANSWER Harmony, beauty, expression. Incorporates art,
creativity, and values (look at one piece of art, some think ugly, some think beautiful)
Intuitive knowledge - ANSWER Feeling and hunches not guessing, but relies on
unconscious pattern recognition and experience.(gained over time and experience)
Moral and Ethical knowledge - ANSWER What is right versus wrong. Values, social
and cultural norms.
(diff societies have different values and ethics, some other countries may even have
different ethical issues than US)
Somatic knowledge - ANSWER Knowing the body in relation to physical movement.
Balance to perform task.
ex- knowing that is we move from one position to another we may fall
, Theory - ANSWER Set of interrelated concepts, statements, propositions, and
definitions, which have been derived from philosophical beliefs of scientific data and
from which questions and hypotheses can be deduced, tested, and verified
Theory - ANSWER attempt to account for or characterize some phenomenon.
Imogene King's Theory of Goal Attainment and Transactional Process - ANSWER
Grand theory.
Assumptions-
- Individuals are social beings, sentiment, rational and reacting (need alert and
oriented individuals who are capable of reacting effectively with nurse-- coma or
decrease neuro pt could not have this theory apply).
- Individuals are controlling, purposeful, actions and time-oriented in their behavior.
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER Relationship statements:
Nurses and clients perceptions, judgments, and actions if congruent lead to goal
directed transactions if conflict is present they do not.
If nurse and client make transactions, goals will be attained.
If role conflict is experienced by nurse or client or both, the stress in nurse-client
interactions will occur.
If transactions are made in nurse-client relationships, growth and development will
be enhanced.
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER concepts-
nursing, health, individuals, environment, perception, communication, interaction,
transaction, stress
- began simply and evolved over time-- testing occurs, research, continued building
of theory (another important ingredient to theory)
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER Overview: Individual is an open
system, one component of a nurse-client interpersonal system whose interactions
lead to the attainment of mutually agreed-upon goals
Key concept: The nurse and the client communicate, set goals, and explore means
to achieve these goals
Theory - ANSWER - different types according to scope (different levels)
- disciplines tend to take ownership of theories considered unique to them
- nursing and non nursing theories used to guide our practice
- may have SHARED THEORIES (have a-lot of utility to make useful decisions)
Non nursing theory = general adaptation syndrome - ANSWER social cognitive
theory
theory of planned behavior
maslow's hierarchy of needs
American Edition by Melanie McEwen; Evelyn M. Wills,
Knowledge - ANSWER Refers to awareness or perception of reality acquired
through insight, learning, or investigation.
knowledge - ANSWER within a discipline, it is what we collectively see as a
reasonably accurate understanding of the world as envisioned by that DISCIPLINE
knowledge - ANSWER --tentative and can be expanded/refined over time.
Epistemology - ANSWER Study of knowledge
Questions we ask for epistemology (study of knowledge) - ANSWER what do we
know?
what is the extent of our knowledge?
how do we decide whether we know?
what are the criteria for knowledge?
ways we know-- - ANSWER we need to know how we know- different kinds of
knowledge (hunch- intuitive knowledge, science- empiric knowledge, etc)
Empirics - ANSWER Scientific knowledge coming from observation, testing, and
replication. (ex- helps is take accurate BP)
Personal knowledge - ANSWER Knowledge gained through thought alone
(association/reflection, etc)
Esthetic knowledge - ANSWER Harmony, beauty, expression. Incorporates art,
creativity, and values (look at one piece of art, some think ugly, some think beautiful)
Intuitive knowledge - ANSWER Feeling and hunches not guessing, but relies on
unconscious pattern recognition and experience.(gained over time and experience)
Moral and Ethical knowledge - ANSWER What is right versus wrong. Values, social
and cultural norms.
(diff societies have different values and ethics, some other countries may even have
different ethical issues than US)
Somatic knowledge - ANSWER Knowing the body in relation to physical movement.
Balance to perform task.
ex- knowing that is we move from one position to another we may fall
, Theory - ANSWER Set of interrelated concepts, statements, propositions, and
definitions, which have been derived from philosophical beliefs of scientific data and
from which questions and hypotheses can be deduced, tested, and verified
Theory - ANSWER attempt to account for or characterize some phenomenon.
Imogene King's Theory of Goal Attainment and Transactional Process - ANSWER
Grand theory.
Assumptions-
- Individuals are social beings, sentiment, rational and reacting (need alert and
oriented individuals who are capable of reacting effectively with nurse-- coma or
decrease neuro pt could not have this theory apply).
- Individuals are controlling, purposeful, actions and time-oriented in their behavior.
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER Relationship statements:
Nurses and clients perceptions, judgments, and actions if congruent lead to goal
directed transactions if conflict is present they do not.
If nurse and client make transactions, goals will be attained.
If role conflict is experienced by nurse or client or both, the stress in nurse-client
interactions will occur.
If transactions are made in nurse-client relationships, growth and development will
be enhanced.
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER concepts-
nursing, health, individuals, environment, perception, communication, interaction,
transaction, stress
- began simply and evolved over time-- testing occurs, research, continued building
of theory (another important ingredient to theory)
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER Overview: Individual is an open
system, one component of a nurse-client interpersonal system whose interactions
lead to the attainment of mutually agreed-upon goals
Key concept: The nurse and the client communicate, set goals, and explore means
to achieve these goals
Theory - ANSWER - different types according to scope (different levels)
- disciplines tend to take ownership of theories considered unique to them
- nursing and non nursing theories used to guide our practice
- may have SHARED THEORIES (have a-lot of utility to make useful decisions)
Non nursing theory = general adaptation syndrome - ANSWER social cognitive
theory
theory of planned behavior
maslow's hierarchy of needs
