FINAL EXAM ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY,
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINALS EXAM
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
physiologic jaundice - CORRECT-ANSWERSA 3-day old infant is noted to have
a mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is
that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
Lysosomes - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhich cell component is capable of cellular
autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
,A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: B- peroxisomes
Contain organelles and complex internal membranes - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThe difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that
eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the
infrastructure - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: B- influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell - CORRECT-
ANSWERSWhich of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
,c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the
cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: A-
apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because
of a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across
the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of the
cell - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which
pulls additional sodium across the cell membrane
, Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhich of the
following is function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean
adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively -
CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: A- adipose cells contain little water because fat is
water repelling
Epigenetic modifications - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhat genetic process is likely
responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one of a pair of identical
twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY,
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINALS EXAM
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
physiologic jaundice - CORRECT-ANSWERSA 3-day old infant is noted to have
a mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is
that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
Lysosomes - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhich cell component is capable of cellular
autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
,A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: B- peroxisomes
Contain organelles and complex internal membranes - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThe difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that
eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the
infrastructure - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: B- influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell - CORRECT-
ANSWERSWhich of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
,c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the
cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: A-
apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because
of a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across
the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of the
cell - CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which
pulls additional sodium across the cell membrane
, Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhich of the
following is function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean
adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively -
CORRECT-ANSWERSAns: A- adipose cells contain little water because fat is
water repelling
Epigenetic modifications - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhat genetic process is likely
responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one of a pair of identical
twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
