Paper 3
Section A: Globalisation & the digital social world
, Defining globalisation & its problems;
Globalisation – The increasing interconnectedness and inter-dependency of the world’s
nations and their people into a single global, economic, political and global system.
• Martell – at a micro level globalisation for individuals means that both geographical
distance and time zones are no longer important
• Harvey – calls this ‘time space – compression'
• Cochrane & Pain - 'the emergence of a global and economic and cultural system
which is incorporating the people of the world into a single global society
• Giddens - globalisation has created risk consciousness and detraditionalization,
weakening institutions like the family. These institutions no longer provide clear
norms and values, leading individuals to navigate life and shape their identities with
greater uncertainty.
Problems with defining it, it may assume;
- It’s positive whereas for some it results in marginalisation and exclusion e.g.
those who don’t have access to internet and in poverty
- Occurs everywhere at the same pace but in less developed countries it may be
used less
- Results in cultural homogenisation whereas it has led people with similar
cultural characteristics to protect their way of life
- It is only an economic or political or cultural process
- It results in social change towards PM, but it can result in resistance where
people defend themselves against change
Key terms on developments in DC;
1. Digital revolution - shift from traditional technologies to digital ones, transforming
how people communicate, work, and interact.
2. Global village (McLuhan) - DC has shrunk the world, making people more
interconnected than ever before. Information travels instantly across the globe,
creating a sense of shared experiences and making distant events feel local.
3. Networked global society
4. Media convergence - merging of different types of media (usually 2+) - like TV,
radio, newspapers, and the internet into a single digital platform
5. Social media – platforms which allow people to share ideas, create new knowledge
& modify existing knowledge
Section A: Globalisation & the digital social world
, Defining globalisation & its problems;
Globalisation – The increasing interconnectedness and inter-dependency of the world’s
nations and their people into a single global, economic, political and global system.
• Martell – at a micro level globalisation for individuals means that both geographical
distance and time zones are no longer important
• Harvey – calls this ‘time space – compression'
• Cochrane & Pain - 'the emergence of a global and economic and cultural system
which is incorporating the people of the world into a single global society
• Giddens - globalisation has created risk consciousness and detraditionalization,
weakening institutions like the family. These institutions no longer provide clear
norms and values, leading individuals to navigate life and shape their identities with
greater uncertainty.
Problems with defining it, it may assume;
- It’s positive whereas for some it results in marginalisation and exclusion e.g.
those who don’t have access to internet and in poverty
- Occurs everywhere at the same pace but in less developed countries it may be
used less
- Results in cultural homogenisation whereas it has led people with similar
cultural characteristics to protect their way of life
- It is only an economic or political or cultural process
- It results in social change towards PM, but it can result in resistance where
people defend themselves against change
Key terms on developments in DC;
1. Digital revolution - shift from traditional technologies to digital ones, transforming
how people communicate, work, and interact.
2. Global village (McLuhan) - DC has shrunk the world, making people more
interconnected than ever before. Information travels instantly across the globe,
creating a sense of shared experiences and making distant events feel local.
3. Networked global society
4. Media convergence - merging of different types of media (usually 2+) - like TV,
radio, newspapers, and the internet into a single digital platform
5. Social media – platforms which allow people to share ideas, create new knowledge
& modify existing knowledge
