3.0 Pesticide Applicator Certification: Questions
With In-Depth Solutions
pest Correct Answer - any organism that damages or harms
desirable plants, animals (inc. humans), products or structures
pest groups Correct Answer - insect, insect-like, weeds, disease
agents (microorganisms)
pest management Correct Answer - goal: to keep pest
population under a tolerable level (not complete eradication)
Is a pesticide necessary? Correct Answer - 1. causing more
than reasonable harm
2. used control method that will reduce to tolerable level
3. cause as little harm to anything by the pest as possible
4. does cost of pesticide out-weigh pest damage?
Integrated pest management (IPM) Correct Answer - An
ecological approach to pest management that combines all available
necessary techniques into a united program. Goal: manage pest
populations in a way that avoids economic damage and minimizes
adverse side effects.
arthropod body form Correct Answer - invertebrate,
segmented exoskeleton, paired & jointed legs
insect body form Correct Answer - 3 body regions, 3 pairs of
legs attached to thorax, 0/1/2 wing pairs attached to thorax, 1 pair
of antennae attached to head
arachnid body form Correct Answer - 2 body regions, 4 pairs
of legs attached to head, similar structures to antennae
,incomplete metamorphosis Correct Answer - Egg, nymph,
adult. Nymph = juvenile stage looking similar to adult, but smaller/
lack wings. Ex/ brown marmorated stink bug.
complete metamorphosis Correct Answer - Egg, larva, pupa,
adult. Pupa is non-motile and doesn't feed. Larva looks different
from adult, different mouth parts and environment. (may be more
vulnerable to pesticides). Ex/ Japanese Beatle.
mites Correct Answer - Soft-bodied arachnids, several
generations per year, see damage before creature. Life cycle: egg, 6-
legged nymph, 8-legged nymph, adult.
developmental threshold Correct Answer - temperature
minimum for insects to grow at (equally cannot at high extremes as
low)
heat units (degree days) Correct Answer - based on length of
time temperature remains above base threshold (certain number
required for complete development)
white grubs Correct Answer - Beetle larvae, live in soil,
damage plant roots, complete metamorphosis. Ex/ Japanese Beetle,
European Chafer, May/June Beetles.
ants Correct Answer - Mostly non-pests if not beneficial,
above-ground mounds may ruin aesthetics. The only way to remove
them is kill the queen, which may be several feet in the ground and
not easily reached by pesticides.
black cut worms Correct Answer - Caterpillars that do major
damage to turfgrass (pock marks and holes). Sod webworms do
similar damage.
,cinch bugs Correct Answer - True bugs that use sucking
mouthparts to suck juices from turf grass and inject with toxic
saliva. Causes yellow/red/brown patches. They are susceptible to
mold/fungal infections in moist conditions.
Japanese beetles Correct Answer - Complete metamorphosis,
larva damage turfgrass, adults damage foliage and flowers of over
350 ornamental plant species.
caterpillars Correct Answer - Moth and butterfly larvae. While
adults are beneficial, larva can be extremely destructive.
spongy moths Correct Answer - Non-native, feed on 600+ tree
and shrub species: can defoliate entire forests, defoliation makes
trees weaker to disease and damage. Hairs cause allergic reactions
in humans, collect in large clumps on buildings and drop frass
(poop).
webworms Correct Answer - Caterpillars that use silk to make
nests with joined plants parts. Ex/ eastern tent caterpillars make
nests in the forked branches where new leaves are growing; rose
family shrubs (April-June).
cankerworms Correct Answer - spring and fall species in WI,
weather/ predators/ parasites often keep populatin down. feed on
apple and elm leaves.
sucking insects Correct Answer - tap into stems and leaves,
simple metamorphosis, those that secrete "honeydew" transmit
disease. ex/ aphids, scales, leafhoppers, plant bugs.
brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) Correct Answer -
invasive, feed on fruit and vegetable crops, ornamental woods trees
, sawflies Correct Answer - larvae of wasp-like (non-stinging)
insects, many varieties de-foliate young trees
Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Correct Answer - invasive, killed
millions of ash trees in the U.S., shiny green adults emerge June/July,
larvae making "galleries" eating through trunk cambium; causing
the most damage. Insecticides such as trunk and soil injections, soil
drench, preventative foleage and trunk sprays.
weeds Correct Answer - any unwanted plant in turf and
landscape settings
noxious weeds Correct Answer - state and local laws require
landowners to control noxious weeds to prevent thier spread and
distribution
nuisance weeds Correct Answer - although the law doesn't
require these weeds to be controlled; no one may sell, distribute, or
cultivate them
invasive species rule NR40 Correct Answer - Gives the DNR
broad authority to control certain invasice species, including weeds,
on private land. Categorize species as "prohibited" and "restricted"
(can possess); nether can be transported or introduced/ sold/
transferred.
Monocotyledons (monocots) Correct Answer - true grasses
and some grass-like plants, have one seed leaf (cotyledon). narrow
leaves, parallel veins, fiburous root system. Commonly reproduce
vis seeds, stolons, rhizomes. growing boint bellow soil. ex/ nutsedge
cotyledon Correct Answer - seed leaf(s), first to appear after
germination, part of embryo within the seed
With In-Depth Solutions
pest Correct Answer - any organism that damages or harms
desirable plants, animals (inc. humans), products or structures
pest groups Correct Answer - insect, insect-like, weeds, disease
agents (microorganisms)
pest management Correct Answer - goal: to keep pest
population under a tolerable level (not complete eradication)
Is a pesticide necessary? Correct Answer - 1. causing more
than reasonable harm
2. used control method that will reduce to tolerable level
3. cause as little harm to anything by the pest as possible
4. does cost of pesticide out-weigh pest damage?
Integrated pest management (IPM) Correct Answer - An
ecological approach to pest management that combines all available
necessary techniques into a united program. Goal: manage pest
populations in a way that avoids economic damage and minimizes
adverse side effects.
arthropod body form Correct Answer - invertebrate,
segmented exoskeleton, paired & jointed legs
insect body form Correct Answer - 3 body regions, 3 pairs of
legs attached to thorax, 0/1/2 wing pairs attached to thorax, 1 pair
of antennae attached to head
arachnid body form Correct Answer - 2 body regions, 4 pairs
of legs attached to head, similar structures to antennae
,incomplete metamorphosis Correct Answer - Egg, nymph,
adult. Nymph = juvenile stage looking similar to adult, but smaller/
lack wings. Ex/ brown marmorated stink bug.
complete metamorphosis Correct Answer - Egg, larva, pupa,
adult. Pupa is non-motile and doesn't feed. Larva looks different
from adult, different mouth parts and environment. (may be more
vulnerable to pesticides). Ex/ Japanese Beatle.
mites Correct Answer - Soft-bodied arachnids, several
generations per year, see damage before creature. Life cycle: egg, 6-
legged nymph, 8-legged nymph, adult.
developmental threshold Correct Answer - temperature
minimum for insects to grow at (equally cannot at high extremes as
low)
heat units (degree days) Correct Answer - based on length of
time temperature remains above base threshold (certain number
required for complete development)
white grubs Correct Answer - Beetle larvae, live in soil,
damage plant roots, complete metamorphosis. Ex/ Japanese Beetle,
European Chafer, May/June Beetles.
ants Correct Answer - Mostly non-pests if not beneficial,
above-ground mounds may ruin aesthetics. The only way to remove
them is kill the queen, which may be several feet in the ground and
not easily reached by pesticides.
black cut worms Correct Answer - Caterpillars that do major
damage to turfgrass (pock marks and holes). Sod webworms do
similar damage.
,cinch bugs Correct Answer - True bugs that use sucking
mouthparts to suck juices from turf grass and inject with toxic
saliva. Causes yellow/red/brown patches. They are susceptible to
mold/fungal infections in moist conditions.
Japanese beetles Correct Answer - Complete metamorphosis,
larva damage turfgrass, adults damage foliage and flowers of over
350 ornamental plant species.
caterpillars Correct Answer - Moth and butterfly larvae. While
adults are beneficial, larva can be extremely destructive.
spongy moths Correct Answer - Non-native, feed on 600+ tree
and shrub species: can defoliate entire forests, defoliation makes
trees weaker to disease and damage. Hairs cause allergic reactions
in humans, collect in large clumps on buildings and drop frass
(poop).
webworms Correct Answer - Caterpillars that use silk to make
nests with joined plants parts. Ex/ eastern tent caterpillars make
nests in the forked branches where new leaves are growing; rose
family shrubs (April-June).
cankerworms Correct Answer - spring and fall species in WI,
weather/ predators/ parasites often keep populatin down. feed on
apple and elm leaves.
sucking insects Correct Answer - tap into stems and leaves,
simple metamorphosis, those that secrete "honeydew" transmit
disease. ex/ aphids, scales, leafhoppers, plant bugs.
brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) Correct Answer -
invasive, feed on fruit and vegetable crops, ornamental woods trees
, sawflies Correct Answer - larvae of wasp-like (non-stinging)
insects, many varieties de-foliate young trees
Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Correct Answer - invasive, killed
millions of ash trees in the U.S., shiny green adults emerge June/July,
larvae making "galleries" eating through trunk cambium; causing
the most damage. Insecticides such as trunk and soil injections, soil
drench, preventative foleage and trunk sprays.
weeds Correct Answer - any unwanted plant in turf and
landscape settings
noxious weeds Correct Answer - state and local laws require
landowners to control noxious weeds to prevent thier spread and
distribution
nuisance weeds Correct Answer - although the law doesn't
require these weeds to be controlled; no one may sell, distribute, or
cultivate them
invasive species rule NR40 Correct Answer - Gives the DNR
broad authority to control certain invasice species, including weeds,
on private land. Categorize species as "prohibited" and "restricted"
(can possess); nether can be transported or introduced/ sold/
transferred.
Monocotyledons (monocots) Correct Answer - true grasses
and some grass-like plants, have one seed leaf (cotyledon). narrow
leaves, parallel veins, fiburous root system. Commonly reproduce
vis seeds, stolons, rhizomes. growing boint bellow soil. ex/ nutsedge
cotyledon Correct Answer - seed leaf(s), first to appear after
germination, part of embryo within the seed
