Master The Boards USMLE Step 2CK-Psychiatry Exam
Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
What is the most likely diagnosis? Gabriel is a a healthy 2-year-old
boy whose parents have taken him to the pediatrician. His problems
started at 18 months of age, when he did not speak much. He does
not have much attachment to his parents and seems aggressive
toward other children. - ANSWER -Autism spectrum disorder
Gender w/ greater prevalence of autism spectrum disorder - ANSWER
-Males
Typical age of onset of autism spectrum disorders - ANSWER -By the
age of 3
What should be ruled out if parents report that a child does not
respond when his or her name is called? - ANSWER -Deafness
Disorder characterized by *inattention, short attention span, or
hyperactivity* that is severe enough to *interfere w/ daily functioning*
in school, home, or work - ANSWER -Attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD)
Symptoms of ADHD must be present for what amount of time to make
the diagnosis? - ANSWER -> 6 months
Typical age of onset of ADHD - ANSWER -< 7
Can the symptoms of ADHD persist into adulthood? - ANSWER -Yes
,For the diagnosis of ADHD, what settings must symptoms be present
in? - ANSWER -At least 2 areas: *home* and *school*
Symptoms of ADHD at home - ANSWER -- Interrupt others
- Fidget in chairs
- Run/climb excessively
- Unable to engage in leisure activities
- Talk excessively
Symptoms of ADHD at school - ANSWER -- Unable to pay attention
- Make careless mistakes in schoolwork
- Do not follow through w/ instructions
- Difficulty organizing tasks
- Easily distracted
1st line medications in the treatment of ADHD - ANSWER --
Methylphenidate
- Dextroamphetamine
Side effects of methylphenidate & dextroamphetamine - ANSWER --
Insomnia
,- ↓ appetite
- GI disturbances
- ↑ anxiety
- Headaches
Methylphenidate & dextroamphetamine work well in reducing what in
patients with ADHD? - ANSWER -Symptoms of inattention &
hyperactivity
Pathways of attention affected by methylphenidate &
dextroamphetamine - ANSWER -- Noradrenergic
- Dopaminergic
2nd-line medications in the treatment of ADHD - ANSWER -- *NRIs*:
Atomoxetine
- *⍺2 agonists*: Clonidine, guanfacine
Benefits of atomoxetine - ANSWER -- Fewer side effects
- Less risk of abuse
Benefits of clonidine, guanfacine - ANSWER -Enhance cognition &
attention in the prefrontal cortex
Tip: Drug usually chosen over the 1st-line treatment for ADHD on the
USMLE Step 2CK given the side-effect profiles - ANSWER -
, Atomoxetine
What are the disruptive behavioral and mood disorders? - ANSWER --
Oppositional defiant disorder
- Conduct disorder
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
Gender w/ greater incidence of oppositional defiant disorder -
ANSWER -- Before puberty: males
- After puberty: equal
Typical age of onset of oppositional defiant disorder - ANSWER -By
age 8
Patients w/ this disorder often:
- Argue w/ others
- Lose temper
- Are easily annoyed by others
- Blame others for their mistakes
- Tend to have problems w/ authority figures
- Justify their behavior as response to others' actions - ANSWER -
Oppositional defiant disorder
Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
What is the most likely diagnosis? Gabriel is a a healthy 2-year-old
boy whose parents have taken him to the pediatrician. His problems
started at 18 months of age, when he did not speak much. He does
not have much attachment to his parents and seems aggressive
toward other children. - ANSWER -Autism spectrum disorder
Gender w/ greater prevalence of autism spectrum disorder - ANSWER
-Males
Typical age of onset of autism spectrum disorders - ANSWER -By the
age of 3
What should be ruled out if parents report that a child does not
respond when his or her name is called? - ANSWER -Deafness
Disorder characterized by *inattention, short attention span, or
hyperactivity* that is severe enough to *interfere w/ daily functioning*
in school, home, or work - ANSWER -Attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD)
Symptoms of ADHD must be present for what amount of time to make
the diagnosis? - ANSWER -> 6 months
Typical age of onset of ADHD - ANSWER -< 7
Can the symptoms of ADHD persist into adulthood? - ANSWER -Yes
,For the diagnosis of ADHD, what settings must symptoms be present
in? - ANSWER -At least 2 areas: *home* and *school*
Symptoms of ADHD at home - ANSWER -- Interrupt others
- Fidget in chairs
- Run/climb excessively
- Unable to engage in leisure activities
- Talk excessively
Symptoms of ADHD at school - ANSWER -- Unable to pay attention
- Make careless mistakes in schoolwork
- Do not follow through w/ instructions
- Difficulty organizing tasks
- Easily distracted
1st line medications in the treatment of ADHD - ANSWER --
Methylphenidate
- Dextroamphetamine
Side effects of methylphenidate & dextroamphetamine - ANSWER --
Insomnia
,- ↓ appetite
- GI disturbances
- ↑ anxiety
- Headaches
Methylphenidate & dextroamphetamine work well in reducing what in
patients with ADHD? - ANSWER -Symptoms of inattention &
hyperactivity
Pathways of attention affected by methylphenidate &
dextroamphetamine - ANSWER -- Noradrenergic
- Dopaminergic
2nd-line medications in the treatment of ADHD - ANSWER -- *NRIs*:
Atomoxetine
- *⍺2 agonists*: Clonidine, guanfacine
Benefits of atomoxetine - ANSWER -- Fewer side effects
- Less risk of abuse
Benefits of clonidine, guanfacine - ANSWER -Enhance cognition &
attention in the prefrontal cortex
Tip: Drug usually chosen over the 1st-line treatment for ADHD on the
USMLE Step 2CK given the side-effect profiles - ANSWER -
, Atomoxetine
What are the disruptive behavioral and mood disorders? - ANSWER --
Oppositional defiant disorder
- Conduct disorder
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
Gender w/ greater incidence of oppositional defiant disorder -
ANSWER -- Before puberty: males
- After puberty: equal
Typical age of onset of oppositional defiant disorder - ANSWER -By
age 8
Patients w/ this disorder often:
- Argue w/ others
- Lose temper
- Are easily annoyed by others
- Blame others for their mistakes
- Tend to have problems w/ authority figures
- Justify their behavior as response to others' actions - ANSWER -
Oppositional defiant disorder
