Masting a and p Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

Masting a and p Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct ________ are also known as the pressure reservoir of the cardiovascular system. - ANSWER arteries Smooth muscle is present in the walls of - ANSWER all vessels types except capillaries and venules Which of the following is occurring during systole? - ANSWER blood pressure increases and more stress is placed on arterial walls Which is the correct relationship among pressure, flow, and resistance? - ANSWER Flow is directly proportional to change in pressure and inversely proportional to resistance. Blood pressure and flow to the brain are monitored by receptors located in the wall of the - ANSWER the wall of the carotid artery what would increase cardiac output to the greatest extent? - ANSWER increased heart rate and increased stroke volume Hours after a surgery, a patient is taken for a walk around the hospital floor. What effect would an increase in venous return have on mean arterial pressure? - ANSWER It would increase it, by shifting blood from the veins into the arteries Where are the sensors for the arterial baroreceptor reflex located? - ANSWER carotid sinus and aortic arch If blood pressure is increased at the arterial baroreceptors, what would happen with the activity level of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS)? - ANSWER increased PNS activity and decreased SNS activity what causes vasodilation of arterioles - ANSWER decreased activity of the sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the adrenal medulla would result in what - ANSWER an increase in heart rate and contractility A decrease in blood pressure at the arterial baroreceptors would result in which of the following? - ANSWER an increase in heart contractility In the capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (HP) is exerted by __________. - ANSWER blood pressure The net hydrostatic pressure (HP) is the hydrostatic pressure in the __________ minus hydrostatic pressure in the __________. - ANSWER capillary; interstitial fluid what would reflect the typical net hydrostatic pressure (HP) at the arterial end of the capillary? - ANSWER 34 mmHg The colloid osmotic pressure in the capillary is caused by __________. - ANSWER proteins in the blood Which net pressure draws fluid into the capillary? - ANSWER net osmotic pressure Reabsorption of fluid into the capillary takes place at the arterial end or venous end of the capillary? - ANSWER venous If a person's lymph vessels suddenly vanished (an impossible scenario), what impact would this have on the circulatory system? - ANSWER blood pressure would decrease A malnourished child has very low protein in her diet. Which would you expect? - ANSWER decreased absorption and increased edema what is not considered an antigen-presenting cell (APCs) - ANSWER neutrophils A genetic defect causes a fetus to not develop a thymus. Which mature cells would you predict to be low? - ANSWER T lymphocytes Phagocytotic cells such as macrophages identify a variety of enemies by recognizing markers unique to pathogens. They would be classified as which type of defense system? - ANSWER innate internal defenses what cells make antibodies - ANSWER plasma B cells What is the name of the unique area (specific region) that a lymphocyte recognizes and binds to? - ANSWER an antigenic determinant Cancer cells would be attacked by which of the following cells? - ANSWER cytotoxic T cells If a virus attacks a cell, which type of immunity would be activated? - ANSWER cell- mediated immunity (cellular immunity) In an experimental situation, a virus is injected into a rabbit and the rabbit is allowed to make antibodies against the viral antigen. These antibodies are then removed from the rabbit plasma and injected into a human to help fight the same viral disease. This is an example of - ANSWER passive immunity A decrease in which lymphocytes would decrease all parts of an immune response? - ANSWER helper t cells A patient is born without cytotoxic T cells. Which of the following would you predict to be decreased? - ANSWER destruction of virally infected cells Will ingest and disable bacteria - ANSWER phagocytes Uses Antigen Presenting Cells to identify bacterial antigens and activates B lymphocytes - ANSWER helper t cells is responsible for the production and release of antibodies - ANSWER b lymphocytes will secrete chemotaxis and histamines - ANSWER mast cells A change in membrane voltage that travels down the T-tubule to cause opening of Ca2+ channels - ANSWER action potential An area that contains many synaptic vesicles filled with acetylcholine - ANSWER axon terminal of motor neuron An area of muscle fiber membrane that is in close association with the axon terminal of the motor neuron, contain receptors for acetylcholine - ANSWER motor end plate a structure that when bound to a ligand opens a divalent channel for the movement of both Na+ and K+ - ANSWER ACh receptor-channel what is the difference between summation and tetanus - ANSWER summation can cause tetanus, but tetanus cannot cause summation what is a similarity between isometric and isotonic contractions - ANSWER tension develops a patient is worth with a mutation in her calmodulin gene. This could affect the contraction of ________ muscles - ANSWER smooth how does the process of smooth muscle contraction differ from contraction in skeletal muscle? - ANSWER Ca2+ comes from the extracellular fluid and the SR how are cardiac muscle cells similar to smooth muscle cells - ANSWER they are electrically linked to one another a patient has damage to alpha motor neurons. what would you expect - ANSWER decreased contraction of extrafusal muscle fibers