Pharmacology (Miscellaneous Drugs)
Exam Questions with correct Answers
2025/2026 A+ Graded 100% Verified
Before administering a drug what should the nurse do? - ANS-ask if allergies
ask current medication regimen for potential interactions
ask physiological status compared to baseline assessment data
What are the six rights of medication administration? - ANS-right person/client, right route, right
medication, right dose, right time, right documentation
peak for oral intake medications is? - ANS-1 to 2 hours
peak for intramuscular medications is? - ANS-1 hour
Peak for intravenous medications is? - ANS-30 mins
What is trough and when is it taken? - ANS-it is the lowest concentration of medication and are
taken 15 mins prior to administration of next dose
What are the guidelines for safe IV administration? - ANS-review rate, administration,
compatibility, and serious adverse events, never administer medications through tubing used for
blood products, implement standard precautions and follow IV policies, fluids should be infused
within 24 hrs discard unused, maintain latency of IV line
what is infiltration and how to prevent? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-infiltration is when a non vesicant
medication leaks into the surrounding tissue
can prevent it by using smallest catheter for prescribed med, stabilize port access, assess for
blood return
what is treatment for infiltration? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-stop infusion, remove peripheral
catheters, cold compress, elevate extremity, insert new catheter on opposite extremity
What is extravasation and how do you prevent it? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-occurs when a
vesicant medication leaks into the surrounding tissue
know the vesicant potential before administering the medication
What is treatment for extravasation? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-Stop the infusion, discontinue
administration set, aspirate drug if possible, apply cold compress, document condition of site
, What is phlebitis/thrombophlebitis and how do you prevent it? (IV INFUSION) -
ANS-Inflammation of the vein
to prevent rotate sites every 72-96 hours, secure catheter, use aseptic technique, for PICCs
avoid moving extremity
How do you treat phlebitis/thrombophlebitis? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-stop the infusion, remove
peripheral IV catheters, apply heat compress, insert new catheter on opposite extremity
What is a hematoma and how do you prevent it? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-a solid swelling of
clotted blood within the tissues
you can prevent by avoiding veins not easily seen or palpated and obtain homeostasis after
insertion
How do you treat hematoma? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-remove IV and apply light pressure if
bleeding, monitor for signs of phlebitis and treat
How do you prevent and treat catheter embolus? (IV infusion) - ANS-do not reinsert stylet
needle into catheter
to treat immediately apply tourniquet high on extremity to limit venous blood flow
prepare for removal under x-ray
How to prevent and treat pneumothorax? Central venous catheter - ANS-use an ultrasound to
locate veins, avoid subclavian insertion when possible
To treat administer oxygen, assist provider with chest tube insertion
How to prevent and treat air embolism? Central venous catheter - ANS-have client lay flat when
changing administration set or needless connectors, ask pt to perform valsalva maneuver if
possible
to treat place client in left lateral trendelenberg, administer oxygen
How to prevent and treat a lumen occlusion?central venous catheter - ANS-Flush promptly with
NS between before and after each medication
to treat use 10 mL syringe with a pulsing motion
How to prevent and treat a bloodstream infection? (central venous catheter) - ANS-maintain
sterile technique
to treat change entire infusion system, notify provider, obtain cultures and administer antibiotics
How to prevent catheter occlusions? (PICC LINE) - ANS-prevent kinks, reposition arm, confirm
blood return, flush catheter between medications, administer approved antithrombolytic
How to prevent catheter dislodges? (PICC LINE) - ANS-assess blood return, discomfort in jaw,
chest or ear, contact provider
Exam Questions with correct Answers
2025/2026 A+ Graded 100% Verified
Before administering a drug what should the nurse do? - ANS-ask if allergies
ask current medication regimen for potential interactions
ask physiological status compared to baseline assessment data
What are the six rights of medication administration? - ANS-right person/client, right route, right
medication, right dose, right time, right documentation
peak for oral intake medications is? - ANS-1 to 2 hours
peak for intramuscular medications is? - ANS-1 hour
Peak for intravenous medications is? - ANS-30 mins
What is trough and when is it taken? - ANS-it is the lowest concentration of medication and are
taken 15 mins prior to administration of next dose
What are the guidelines for safe IV administration? - ANS-review rate, administration,
compatibility, and serious adverse events, never administer medications through tubing used for
blood products, implement standard precautions and follow IV policies, fluids should be infused
within 24 hrs discard unused, maintain latency of IV line
what is infiltration and how to prevent? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-infiltration is when a non vesicant
medication leaks into the surrounding tissue
can prevent it by using smallest catheter for prescribed med, stabilize port access, assess for
blood return
what is treatment for infiltration? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-stop infusion, remove peripheral
catheters, cold compress, elevate extremity, insert new catheter on opposite extremity
What is extravasation and how do you prevent it? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-occurs when a
vesicant medication leaks into the surrounding tissue
know the vesicant potential before administering the medication
What is treatment for extravasation? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-Stop the infusion, discontinue
administration set, aspirate drug if possible, apply cold compress, document condition of site
, What is phlebitis/thrombophlebitis and how do you prevent it? (IV INFUSION) -
ANS-Inflammation of the vein
to prevent rotate sites every 72-96 hours, secure catheter, use aseptic technique, for PICCs
avoid moving extremity
How do you treat phlebitis/thrombophlebitis? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-stop the infusion, remove
peripheral IV catheters, apply heat compress, insert new catheter on opposite extremity
What is a hematoma and how do you prevent it? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-a solid swelling of
clotted blood within the tissues
you can prevent by avoiding veins not easily seen or palpated and obtain homeostasis after
insertion
How do you treat hematoma? (IV INFUSION) - ANS-remove IV and apply light pressure if
bleeding, monitor for signs of phlebitis and treat
How do you prevent and treat catheter embolus? (IV infusion) - ANS-do not reinsert stylet
needle into catheter
to treat immediately apply tourniquet high on extremity to limit venous blood flow
prepare for removal under x-ray
How to prevent and treat pneumothorax? Central venous catheter - ANS-use an ultrasound to
locate veins, avoid subclavian insertion when possible
To treat administer oxygen, assist provider with chest tube insertion
How to prevent and treat air embolism? Central venous catheter - ANS-have client lay flat when
changing administration set or needless connectors, ask pt to perform valsalva maneuver if
possible
to treat place client in left lateral trendelenberg, administer oxygen
How to prevent and treat a lumen occlusion?central venous catheter - ANS-Flush promptly with
NS between before and after each medication
to treat use 10 mL syringe with a pulsing motion
How to prevent and treat a bloodstream infection? (central venous catheter) - ANS-maintain
sterile technique
to treat change entire infusion system, notify provider, obtain cultures and administer antibiotics
How to prevent catheter occlusions? (PICC LINE) - ANS-prevent kinks, reposition arm, confirm
blood return, flush catheter between medications, administer approved antithrombolytic
How to prevent catheter dislodges? (PICC LINE) - ANS-assess blood return, discomfort in jaw,
chest or ear, contact provider
