MED Surg ATI Exam Proctored Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

MED Surg ATI Exam Proctored Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD). which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A: "i will weight myself every morning." Clients who have CKD should weigh themselves every morning at the same time to monitor fluid balance. The client should void prior to weighing if able, wear similar clothing when obtaining weight, and use the same set of scales each time. A nurse is caring for a client following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the treatment of calcium phosphate kidney stones. which of the following actions should the nurse take? A: strain all of the client's urine The nurse should strain all of the client's urine following ESWL to monitor for stone fragments that have left the client's body. A nurse is monitoring a client following hemodialysis. the nurse should recognize that which of the following factors places the client at risk for seizures? A: a rapid decrease in fluid A rapid decrease in fluid and electrolytes during hemodialysis can result in cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure, placing the client at risk for seizures. This complication is called dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. A nurse is caring for a postoperative client following arteriovenous (AV) fistula creation in the left arm. which of the following actions should the nurse take? A: auscultate for bruits in the client's fistula very 4 hr The nurse should auscultate for a bruit and palpate for a thrill every 4 hr to verify that the AV fistula is patent. A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. Which of the following assessments is the priority? A: Mental status The greatest risk to this client is injury from declining mental status or a fall from worsened dehydration. Therefore, assessing the client's mental status is the priority. A nurse is assessing a client who is using PCA following a thoracotomy. The client is short of breath, appears restless, and has a respiratory rate of 28/min. The client's ABG results are pH 7.52, PoO2 89 mm hg, and HCO3- 24 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A: Provide calming interventions The client's respiratory rate is above the expected range. Calming the client should decrease the respiratory rate, which will cause the client's carbon dioxide levels to increase. This will help correct the pH imbalance. A nurse is caring for a client who has a sodium level of 155 mEq/L. Which of the following IV fluids should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe? A: 0.45% sodium chloride A sodium level of 155 mEq/L is an indication of hypernatremia. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for a hypotonic solution. The 0.45% sodium chloride is a hypotonic solution used to provide free water and treat cellular dehydration, which promotes waste elimination by the kidneys.Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution. The 3% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution. Lactated Ringer's solution contains sodium and other electrolytes and is not indicated for hypernatremia. A nurse is evaluating a client who is receiving IV fluids to treat isotonic dehydration. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates that the fluid therapy has been effective? A: Serum sodium 142 mEq/L Isotonic dehydration includes loss of water and electrolytes due to a decrease in oral intake of water and salt. A serum sodium level of 142 mEq/L is within the expected reference range and indicates that the fluid therapy has been effective. BUN is elevated. HCT is elevated and USG is elevated. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has kidney disease. Which of the following food choices should the nurse include in the teaching as containing the lowest amount of magnesium? A: 1 large hard-boiled eggs One large hard-boiled egg contains 5 mg of magnesium. Therefore, the nurse should recommend this food as containing the lowest amount of magnesium.Cereal has 112 mg. Almonds 193 mg and spinach 157 mg. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving furosemide daily. During the morning assessment, the client tells the nurse that he is "feeling weak in the legs." Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A: Auscultate the client's lungs Using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care, the first action the nurse should take is to auscultate the client's lungs to assess for respiratory changes due to weakness of the respiratory muscles. While reviewing a client's laboratory results, a nurse notes a serum calcium level of 0.8 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A: Implement seizure precautions The client is at risk for seizures due to low excitation threshold as a result of the client's decreased calcium level. The nurse should initiate seizure precautions to prevent injury. A nurse is admitting a client who takes 40 mg furosemide daily for heart failure and has experienced 3 days of vomiting. The nurse suspects hypokalemia. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer? A: 0.9% sodium chloride with 10 mEq/L of potassium chloride at 100 mL/hr This IV solution will provide adequate fluid and potassium replacement to offset the losses from vomiting. The typical amount of potassium chloride to administer IV is 5 to 10 mEq/hr and not to exceed 20 mEq/hr. The dilution should be 1 mEq to 10 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving hydrochlorothiazide and notes that the client is confused and lethargic. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider? A: Sodium 128 mEq/L This level is below the expected reference range and is the likely cause of the client's altered mental status. The nurse should report this finding to the provider and monitor the client for weakened respiratory effort. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing respiratory distress as a result of pulmonary edema. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A: Initiate high-flow oxygen therapy The priority action the nurse should take when using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care is to administer high-flow oxygen therapy by face mask at 5 to 6 L/min to keep the client's oxygen saturation above 90%. A nurse is reviewing the ABG results for four clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as metabolic acidosis? A: 7.26, Pa02 84mm hg, PaC02 38 mmhg, HCO3- 20 mEq/L When pH and HCO3- are both above or below the expected reference range, a metabolic imbalance is present. A pH of 7.26 indicates acidosis and a HCO3- of 20 mEq/L indicates the acidosis is due to a metabolic cause. Therefore, the nurse should identify these findings as metabolic acidosis. A nurse is assessing a client who has hypomagnesemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A: Hyperactive deep-tendon reflexes Hyperactive deep-tendon reflexes are an expected finding for a client who has hypomagnesemia, along with muscle cramps, numbness, and tingling. A nurse is caring for a client who requires continuous cardiac monitoring. The nurse identifies a prolonged PR interval and a widened QRS complex. Which of the following laboratory values supports this finding? A: Potassium 6.1 mEq/L Hyperkalemia can cause a prolonged PR interval; a wide QRS complex; flat or absent P waves; and tall, peaked T waves. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has fluid volume excess. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect? A: Hematocrit 34% This hematocrit level is below the expected reference range. A 2+ pitting edema indicates fluid overload, which can cause hemodilution and a decreased hematocrit. A nurse is admitting a client who has status asthmaticus. The client's ABG results are pH 7.32, PaO2 74 mmhg, PaC02 56 mm hg, and HCO3- 26 mEq/L. The nurse should interpret these laboratory values as which of the following imbalances. A: Respiratory acidosis Status asthmaticus causes inadequate gas exchange, resulting in a low pH and PaO2, an elevated PaCO2, and an HCO3- within the expected reference range. These laboratory values indicate respiratory acidosis. A nurse is caring for a client who had dehydration and is receiving IV fluids. Which assessing for complications, the nurse should recognize which of the following manifestations as a sign of fluid overload? A: Bounding peripheral pulses