Medical-Surgical: Immune and Infectious Exam
Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about a new prescription for rifampin.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an underling of the teaching?
a. "I should take this medication with food."
b. "I need to take B-complex vitamin while taking this medication."
c. "I can expect this medication to turn my skin orange."
d. I can expect this medication to make my vision blurry." - ANSWER c. "I can expect
this medication to turn my skin orange."
Rationale - The nurse should instruct the client to expect his skin and urine to turn a
reddish-orange tinge which taking rifampin.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the partner of a client who has acquired
immune deficiency syndrome. Which of the following statements by the client's partner
indicates the need for further testing?
a. "I will dispose soiled tissues in separate plastic bags."
b. "I'll clean up blood spills immediately with hot water."
c. "I know that hand washing is an important preventive measure."
d. "I will wash soiled clothes in hot water - ANSWER b. "I'll clean up blood spills
immediately with hot water."
Rationale - The client's partner should clean blood or potentially contaminated body
substances with a bleach solution and wear gloves when coming into contact with
blood products.
A nurse is caring for a client who is concerned about the possibility of contracting
lyme disease after receiving a tick bite. For which of the following early
manifestations of Lyme disease should the nurse asses the client? a. A diffuse
maculopapular rash
b. Dyspnea
c. Double vision
d. A progressive, circular rash - ANSWER d. A progressive, circular rash
Rationale - Early Lyme Disease is characterized by fever, influenza-like manifestations,
and erythema migraines, a distinct progressive circular or bulls-eye rash that often
develops at the bite site, but can also develop at other sites, such as the thighs and
knees.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a diagnosis of Hepatitis A. Which
of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the
teaching? a. "I am unable to donate blood."
b. "I will need to get a booster shot of immune serum globulin every year."
c. "I should stop eating raw clams."
, d. "I can get this disease by getting a tattoo." - ANSWER c. "I should stop eating raw
clams."
Rationale - Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through consumption of
contaminated fruits, vegetables, water, milk, or uncooked shellfish. Individuals who eat
raw or steamed shellfish are at increased risk for acquiring hepatitis A.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an exacerbation of herpes zoster. Which of
the following manifestations of the client's skin should the nurse expect? a.
Confluent, honey-colored, crusted lesions
b. Large, tender nodules located on a hair follicle
c. Unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions
d. A fluid-filled vesicular rash in the genital region - ANSWER c. Unilateral, localized,
nodular skin lesions.
Rationale - Herpes zoster, or shingles, results from the reactivation of a dormant
varicella virus, It is the acute, unilateral inflammation of the dorsal root ganglion. The
infection typically develops in adults and produces localized vesicular lesions confined
to a dermatome. It produces unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions.
A nurse is teaching a client who has AIDS about the transmission of Pneumocystis
jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Which of the following information should the nurse include
in the teaching?
a. "PCP is sexually transmitted from person to person."
b. "You were most likely exposed to a contaminated surface, such as a drinking glass."
c. "PCP results from an impaired immune system."
d. "You may have contracted PCP from a family pet." - ANSWER c. "PCP results from
an impaired immune system."
Rationale - The nurse should explain that the organism that causes PCP exists as part
of the normal flora of the lungs and develops into a fungus. It becomes an aggressive
pathogen when the immune system is compromised and the infection results from an
impaired immune system.
A nurse is teaching a client about manifestations of an allergic reaction. The
nurse should explain that histamine release causes which of the following
reactions? a. Increased mucus secretion
b. Bronchial dilation
c. Bradycardia
d. Vertigo - ANSWER a. Increased mucus secretion
Rationale - The nurse should instruct the client that increased mucus secretion is a
manifestation of histamine release. Histamine is the neurotransmitter the body
produces during an allergic reaction.
A nurse is teaching a client who has HIV about the early manifestations of AIDS. Which
of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
a. "You can expect a persistent fever and swollen glands."
Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about a new prescription for rifampin.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an underling of the teaching?
a. "I should take this medication with food."
b. "I need to take B-complex vitamin while taking this medication."
c. "I can expect this medication to turn my skin orange."
d. I can expect this medication to make my vision blurry." - ANSWER c. "I can expect
this medication to turn my skin orange."
Rationale - The nurse should instruct the client to expect his skin and urine to turn a
reddish-orange tinge which taking rifampin.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the partner of a client who has acquired
immune deficiency syndrome. Which of the following statements by the client's partner
indicates the need for further testing?
a. "I will dispose soiled tissues in separate plastic bags."
b. "I'll clean up blood spills immediately with hot water."
c. "I know that hand washing is an important preventive measure."
d. "I will wash soiled clothes in hot water - ANSWER b. "I'll clean up blood spills
immediately with hot water."
Rationale - The client's partner should clean blood or potentially contaminated body
substances with a bleach solution and wear gloves when coming into contact with
blood products.
A nurse is caring for a client who is concerned about the possibility of contracting
lyme disease after receiving a tick bite. For which of the following early
manifestations of Lyme disease should the nurse asses the client? a. A diffuse
maculopapular rash
b. Dyspnea
c. Double vision
d. A progressive, circular rash - ANSWER d. A progressive, circular rash
Rationale - Early Lyme Disease is characterized by fever, influenza-like manifestations,
and erythema migraines, a distinct progressive circular or bulls-eye rash that often
develops at the bite site, but can also develop at other sites, such as the thighs and
knees.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a diagnosis of Hepatitis A. Which
of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the
teaching? a. "I am unable to donate blood."
b. "I will need to get a booster shot of immune serum globulin every year."
c. "I should stop eating raw clams."
, d. "I can get this disease by getting a tattoo." - ANSWER c. "I should stop eating raw
clams."
Rationale - Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through consumption of
contaminated fruits, vegetables, water, milk, or uncooked shellfish. Individuals who eat
raw or steamed shellfish are at increased risk for acquiring hepatitis A.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an exacerbation of herpes zoster. Which of
the following manifestations of the client's skin should the nurse expect? a.
Confluent, honey-colored, crusted lesions
b. Large, tender nodules located on a hair follicle
c. Unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions
d. A fluid-filled vesicular rash in the genital region - ANSWER c. Unilateral, localized,
nodular skin lesions.
Rationale - Herpes zoster, or shingles, results from the reactivation of a dormant
varicella virus, It is the acute, unilateral inflammation of the dorsal root ganglion. The
infection typically develops in adults and produces localized vesicular lesions confined
to a dermatome. It produces unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions.
A nurse is teaching a client who has AIDS about the transmission of Pneumocystis
jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Which of the following information should the nurse include
in the teaching?
a. "PCP is sexually transmitted from person to person."
b. "You were most likely exposed to a contaminated surface, such as a drinking glass."
c. "PCP results from an impaired immune system."
d. "You may have contracted PCP from a family pet." - ANSWER c. "PCP results from
an impaired immune system."
Rationale - The nurse should explain that the organism that causes PCP exists as part
of the normal flora of the lungs and develops into a fungus. It becomes an aggressive
pathogen when the immune system is compromised and the infection results from an
impaired immune system.
A nurse is teaching a client about manifestations of an allergic reaction. The
nurse should explain that histamine release causes which of the following
reactions? a. Increased mucus secretion
b. Bronchial dilation
c. Bradycardia
d. Vertigo - ANSWER a. Increased mucus secretion
Rationale - The nurse should instruct the client that increased mucus secretion is a
manifestation of histamine release. Histamine is the neurotransmitter the body
produces during an allergic reaction.
A nurse is teaching a client who has HIV about the early manifestations of AIDS. Which
of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
a. "You can expect a persistent fever and swollen glands."
