NURS 117: FINAL EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Left side Heart Failure - ANS less effective pump so more blood remains in ventricle
heart is overstretched & even more blood remains
blood backs up into lungs as pulmonary edema
suffocation & lack of oxygen to the tissues
Left Side Heart Failure Signs/Symptoms - ANS Dyspnea
Orthopnea
Cough
Hemoptysis
Adventitious breath sounds (crackles)
Pulmonary congestion (edema)
Right Side Heart Failure - ANS Increased workload of the right ventricle
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,R ventricle continually has to pump against the increased fluid & pressure
Blood backs up from R ventricle into R artery and increases venous problems
Right Side Heart Failure Signs/Symptoms - ANS Fatigue
Increased peripheral Venous Pressure
Ascites
Enlarged Liver & Spleen
Secondary to Chronic Pulmonary problems
Distended Jugular Veins
Anorexia
GI Distress
Weight Gain
Dependent Edema
Assessment for HF - ANS Health Hx
Dyspnea (Exertional/Orthopnea)
Auscultation of Lungs (crackles)
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, Auscultation of Heart sounds
Respiratory pattern (Cheyne-Stokes Respiration)
Edema
Altered Mental Status
Malnutrition
Heart Failure Prevention/Meds - ANS Reduce risk factors: reduce b/p, glucose control,
weight loss, and smoking cessation
Decrease fluid overload: Loop Diuretics
Vasodilators
Beta-adrenergic Blockers
Intropic Agents
Increase O2
Cardiac Rehab
Low Sodium Diet
Myocardial Infarction (MI) - ANS heart attack; death of myocardial tissue (infarction) caused
by ischemia (loss of blood flow) as a result of an occlusion (plugging) of a coronary artery
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Left side Heart Failure - ANS less effective pump so more blood remains in ventricle
heart is overstretched & even more blood remains
blood backs up into lungs as pulmonary edema
suffocation & lack of oxygen to the tissues
Left Side Heart Failure Signs/Symptoms - ANS Dyspnea
Orthopnea
Cough
Hemoptysis
Adventitious breath sounds (crackles)
Pulmonary congestion (edema)
Right Side Heart Failure - ANS Increased workload of the right ventricle
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,R ventricle continually has to pump against the increased fluid & pressure
Blood backs up from R ventricle into R artery and increases venous problems
Right Side Heart Failure Signs/Symptoms - ANS Fatigue
Increased peripheral Venous Pressure
Ascites
Enlarged Liver & Spleen
Secondary to Chronic Pulmonary problems
Distended Jugular Veins
Anorexia
GI Distress
Weight Gain
Dependent Edema
Assessment for HF - ANS Health Hx
Dyspnea (Exertional/Orthopnea)
Auscultation of Lungs (crackles)
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Auscultation of Heart sounds
Respiratory pattern (Cheyne-Stokes Respiration)
Edema
Altered Mental Status
Malnutrition
Heart Failure Prevention/Meds - ANS Reduce risk factors: reduce b/p, glucose control,
weight loss, and smoking cessation
Decrease fluid overload: Loop Diuretics
Vasodilators
Beta-adrenergic Blockers
Intropic Agents
Increase O2
Cardiac Rehab
Low Sodium Diet
Myocardial Infarction (MI) - ANS heart attack; death of myocardial tissue (infarction) caused
by ischemia (loss of blood flow) as a result of an occlusion (plugging) of a coronary artery
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
