Intro to Planning Exam 2 (Urban Design)
Questions And Answers Already Graded
A+
Neo-traditionalists CORRECT ANSWERS - response to outcomes of suburbanization
- advocates: Duany ("suburban nation"), calthorpe (transit oriented design), peter katz
("new urbanism")
what do they say?
- not content with how cities are developed, blame urban design
- don't like suburban planning and the separation of land uses
- suburbs overemphasize cars and highways
New urbanism CORRECT ANSWERS design movement that promotes environmentally
friendly habits by creating walkable neighborhoods, mixed land uses
Baron Haussman CORRECT ANSWERS French designer created new street pattern
that shaped Paris
What is Urban design? CORRECT ANSWERS process of shaping the physical setting
for life in cities, towns, and villages, "the art of making places"
- main goal: improve quality of people's lives through design, by eliminating barriers and
creating opportunities for people to move about the city in a safe and pleasant way
- profession falls between urban planning and architecture
- large scale massing, design, and spatial organization of a city
difference between urban design and architecture CORRECT ANSWERS - urban
design deals with large scale (entire neighborhoods, not specific buildings)
- urban design has longer time frames (15-20 years) whereas a single building takes 1-3
years
- urban design has a large # of variables such as transit, neighborhood identity,
pedestrian safety, climate
- urban design deals with more uncertainty
urban designers vs urban planners CORRECT ANSWERS - urban designer deals with
part of a city designated for development, they examine site in terms of massing and
spatial organization
- urban planners deal with the entire city or region and situate it within the larger context
of that region, more involved in the political process and public policy
urban design organization CORRECT ANSWERS - organization of space, time,
communication, meaning
- the relationship between the elements of the built and unbuilt space in urban areas
, - ex of urban design elements: buildings, public space, streets, transit systems,
landscape
Infrastructure CORRECT ANSWERS - each act of infrastructure investment must solve
many urban issues, it should be engineered to solve specific problems and designed to
address many opportunities
Visualization CORRECT ANSWERS - visualizing future options as part of a public
conversation facilitates decision making through the application of design
zoning standards & guidelines CORRECT ANSWERS - tactical means to raise the
quality of design and physical experience in the city
feasibility CORRECT ANSWERS - pre design logic, informs intelligent development
decisions
urban design's new role CORRECT ANSWERS - urban designers became increasingly
important (planned unit developments)
- major developments ($$$), mixed use developments, business parks
- no longer lot by lot / filling in approach
- large development organizations
urban design process (4 phases) CORRECT ANSWERS 1. analysis
- gathering basic info (land uses, population, topography)
- visual surveys
- identify hard and soft areas
- functional analysis: examine relationship of activities among different land uses and
the way they relate to circulation (ex; does increasing building height impact street
width?)
2. synthesis
- designer faces conflicting demands, comes up with concepts to address problems for
housing, traffic, etc
- concepts are developed based on problems, constraints, and opportunities
- steps for action: evolve concepts, develop schematic design proposal, preliminary
plans
3. evaluation
- compare preliminary plans to original goals/issues
4. implementation
- strategize for financing and construction, detailed studies, land use controls are laid
out
Visual survey CORRECT ANSWERS KEVIN LYNCH
- express the designers perceptions of the structure and organization of the city
- graphic examination of the physical elements and character of an area
- examines and identifies components of the city aka views, landmarks
Questions And Answers Already Graded
A+
Neo-traditionalists CORRECT ANSWERS - response to outcomes of suburbanization
- advocates: Duany ("suburban nation"), calthorpe (transit oriented design), peter katz
("new urbanism")
what do they say?
- not content with how cities are developed, blame urban design
- don't like suburban planning and the separation of land uses
- suburbs overemphasize cars and highways
New urbanism CORRECT ANSWERS design movement that promotes environmentally
friendly habits by creating walkable neighborhoods, mixed land uses
Baron Haussman CORRECT ANSWERS French designer created new street pattern
that shaped Paris
What is Urban design? CORRECT ANSWERS process of shaping the physical setting
for life in cities, towns, and villages, "the art of making places"
- main goal: improve quality of people's lives through design, by eliminating barriers and
creating opportunities for people to move about the city in a safe and pleasant way
- profession falls between urban planning and architecture
- large scale massing, design, and spatial organization of a city
difference between urban design and architecture CORRECT ANSWERS - urban
design deals with large scale (entire neighborhoods, not specific buildings)
- urban design has longer time frames (15-20 years) whereas a single building takes 1-3
years
- urban design has a large # of variables such as transit, neighborhood identity,
pedestrian safety, climate
- urban design deals with more uncertainty
urban designers vs urban planners CORRECT ANSWERS - urban designer deals with
part of a city designated for development, they examine site in terms of massing and
spatial organization
- urban planners deal with the entire city or region and situate it within the larger context
of that region, more involved in the political process and public policy
urban design organization CORRECT ANSWERS - organization of space, time,
communication, meaning
- the relationship between the elements of the built and unbuilt space in urban areas
, - ex of urban design elements: buildings, public space, streets, transit systems,
landscape
Infrastructure CORRECT ANSWERS - each act of infrastructure investment must solve
many urban issues, it should be engineered to solve specific problems and designed to
address many opportunities
Visualization CORRECT ANSWERS - visualizing future options as part of a public
conversation facilitates decision making through the application of design
zoning standards & guidelines CORRECT ANSWERS - tactical means to raise the
quality of design and physical experience in the city
feasibility CORRECT ANSWERS - pre design logic, informs intelligent development
decisions
urban design's new role CORRECT ANSWERS - urban designers became increasingly
important (planned unit developments)
- major developments ($$$), mixed use developments, business parks
- no longer lot by lot / filling in approach
- large development organizations
urban design process (4 phases) CORRECT ANSWERS 1. analysis
- gathering basic info (land uses, population, topography)
- visual surveys
- identify hard and soft areas
- functional analysis: examine relationship of activities among different land uses and
the way they relate to circulation (ex; does increasing building height impact street
width?)
2. synthesis
- designer faces conflicting demands, comes up with concepts to address problems for
housing, traffic, etc
- concepts are developed based on problems, constraints, and opportunities
- steps for action: evolve concepts, develop schematic design proposal, preliminary
plans
3. evaluation
- compare preliminary plans to original goals/issues
4. implementation
- strategize for financing and construction, detailed studies, land use controls are laid
out
Visual survey CORRECT ANSWERS KEVIN LYNCH
- express the designers perceptions of the structure and organization of the city
- graphic examination of the physical elements and character of an area
- examines and identifies components of the city aka views, landmarks
