3 main ways of measuring Women are more likely to
religiosity participate in NRMs
Belief - What religious beliefs a
person holds and how strong Sects - Marginality; women are more likely to
they are struggle and thus turn to religion
Belonging - Does an
individual identify with/ Cults/NAMs - Interests found in NAMs such as
associate themselves crystals and yoga cater more to the female
with a religion gender and their interests.
Practice - Does
an individual
actively Studies
practice
show that…
their
religion
Is this still relevant
Studies have consistently shown that
in modern society? women are in fact more religious than men.
This seems to remain the case regardless of age, religious
- NO. organisation or belief.
In today’s society, many, if not a large majority of women Beliefs -
are now in work and as busy as men. Reasons like Religiosity and
differential roles therefore do not apply as much or at all due Miller and Hoffman (1995) report that women:
to much less time for religion in comparison to the past.
Gender
● Are more likely to express a greater interest in religion
● Have a stronger personal religious commitment
● Attend church more often
Religious
Why
Fundamentalism Miller and Hoffman identify 2 explanations for such gender differences.
might
effects on women
men now 1. Differential socialisation
Fundamentalists reinforce traditional values
be more Brought up differently, taught obedience. Also more
and they do this with force. religious than risk averse; afterlife
women?
This typically involves control and exploitation of women. 2. Differential Roles
In some religions,
This approach is unappealing and turns away from religion, Involved in less work, more time; commitment and
included roles may
making it unattractive for women. personal identity oriented activities like church
offer a sense of power
↑ HOWEVER many women also do not mind this approach and and authority for men.
the obedience instead gives purpose to women.
A switch in conjugal roles
means men have a higher
chance of being the ones to stay
at home, taking the kids to
church etc. nowadays.
religiosity participate in NRMs
Belief - What religious beliefs a
person holds and how strong Sects - Marginality; women are more likely to
they are struggle and thus turn to religion
Belonging - Does an
individual identify with/ Cults/NAMs - Interests found in NAMs such as
associate themselves crystals and yoga cater more to the female
with a religion gender and their interests.
Practice - Does
an individual
actively Studies
practice
show that…
their
religion
Is this still relevant
Studies have consistently shown that
in modern society? women are in fact more religious than men.
This seems to remain the case regardless of age, religious
- NO. organisation or belief.
In today’s society, many, if not a large majority of women Beliefs -
are now in work and as busy as men. Reasons like Religiosity and
differential roles therefore do not apply as much or at all due Miller and Hoffman (1995) report that women:
to much less time for religion in comparison to the past.
Gender
● Are more likely to express a greater interest in religion
● Have a stronger personal religious commitment
● Attend church more often
Religious
Why
Fundamentalism Miller and Hoffman identify 2 explanations for such gender differences.
might
effects on women
men now 1. Differential socialisation
Fundamentalists reinforce traditional values
be more Brought up differently, taught obedience. Also more
and they do this with force. religious than risk averse; afterlife
women?
This typically involves control and exploitation of women. 2. Differential Roles
In some religions,
This approach is unappealing and turns away from religion, Involved in less work, more time; commitment and
included roles may
making it unattractive for women. personal identity oriented activities like church
offer a sense of power
↑ HOWEVER many women also do not mind this approach and and authority for men.
the obedience instead gives purpose to women.
A switch in conjugal roles
means men have a higher
chance of being the ones to stay
at home, taking the kids to
church etc. nowadays.
