Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether Test Bank
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to
regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often arise when an individual or
organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is no clear "right"
answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms.
The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2.
**Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are
particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make complex
decisions that not only have life-altering consequences for patients but also raise profound moral questions.
These issues include:#### 2.1 **Patient Autonomy and Informed
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
ANS: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
REF: p. 2
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether Test Bank
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
REF: p. 2
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm
ANS: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
REF: p. 2
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to
regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often arise when an individual or
organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is no clear "right"
answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms.
The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2.
**Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are
particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make complex
decisions that not only have life-altering consequences for patients but also raise profound moral questions.
These issues include:#### 2.1 **Patient Autonomy and Informed
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
REF: p. 7
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
ANS: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
REF: p. 9
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the
UNURSINGTB.COM
S N T O
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether Test Bank
extracellular matrix would s uNp p oRr t t hIe dG
iagnBo.
siC
s ofM
metastatic cancer?
a. Decreased fibronectin
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
ANS: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
REF: p. 10
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
ANS: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
REF: p. 11
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to
regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often arise when an individual or
organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is no clear "right"
answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms.
The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2.
**Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are
particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make complex
decisions that not only have life-altering consequences for patients but also raise profound moral questions.
These issues include:#### 2.1 **Patient Autonomy and Informed
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring
alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up,
destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated with a local chemical
mediator like insulin.
REF: p. 12
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a product of
the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether Test Bank
any of the remaining options.
NURSINGTB.COM
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to
regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often arise when an individual or
organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is no clear "right"
answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms.
The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2.
**Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are
particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make complex
decisions that not only have life-altering consequences for patients but also raise profound moral questions.
These issues include:#### 2.1 **Patient Autonomy and Informed
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
ANS: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
REF: p. 2
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether Test Bank
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
REF: p. 2
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm
ANS: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
REF: p. 2
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to
regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often arise when an individual or
organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is no clear "right"
answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms.
The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2.
**Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are
particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make complex
decisions that not only have life-altering consequences for patients but also raise profound moral questions.
These issues include:#### 2.1 **Patient Autonomy and Informed
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
REF: p. 7
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
ANS: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
REF: p. 9
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the
UNURSINGTB.COM
S N T O
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether Test Bank
extracellular matrix would s uNp p oRr t t hIe dG
iagnBo.
siC
s ofM
metastatic cancer?
a. Decreased fibronectin
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
ANS: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
REF: p. 10
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
ANS: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
REF: p. 11
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to
regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often arise when an individual or
organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is no clear "right"
answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms.
The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2.
**Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are
particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make complex
decisions that not only have life-altering consequences for patients but also raise profound moral questions.
These issues include:#### 2.1 **Patient Autonomy and Informed
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring
alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up,
destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated with a local chemical
mediator like insulin.
REF: p. 12
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a product of
the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether Test Bank
any of the remaining options.
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