groups. These principles often help people determine what is "right" or "wrong" in different situations. Law, o
rules that are created and enforced by institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Eth
an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is n
issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms. The challenge
and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2. **Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of
legal issues are particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to m
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor sanita
dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after Nightingale, each contributing to t
own way. Mary Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton f
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of nursing
following?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain exp
assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the
registered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementa
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
MSC: Management of Care
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the
to the obstetrical floor?
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner
ANS: A
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of exp
operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A profi
patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer know
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific care r
patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is
,5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse implementin
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has
budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and
the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learn
evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and
assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and reg
and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse. How
desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurs
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
ANS: B
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and award
of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare gra
findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses suc
groups. These principles often help people determine what is "right" or "wrong" in different situations.
system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and reso
dilemmas often arise when an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral prin
there is no clear "right" answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with es
norms. The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.
Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are particularly pronounced
regularly face situations that require them to make complex
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses Association. W
the nurse receive?
a. Graduate education
b. Inservice education
c. Continuing education
d. Registered nurse education
ANS: C
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospita
professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions. After obtaining a bacc
you can pursue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate
Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or institution
is the education preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education for Nurs
, 9. A nurse has compassion fatigue. What is the nurse experiencing?
a. Lateral violence and intrapersonal conflict
b. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress
c. Short-term grief and single stressor
d. Physical and mental exhaustion
ANS: B
Compassion fatigue is a term used to describe a state of burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Compa
to what is described as lateral violence (nurse-nurse interactions, not intrapersonal). Frequent, intense,
grief and loss places nurses at risk for developing compassion fatigue. Stressors, not a single stressor, c
fatigue. Physical and mental exhaustion describes burnout only.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
groups. These principles often help people determine what is "right" or "wrong" in different
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by
institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often
arise when an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral principles
conflict, or where there is no clear "right" answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play
when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms. The challenge arises in balancing
both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2. **Ethical Issues in
Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are particularly
pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make
complex
10. A patient is scheduled for surgery. When getting ready to obtain the informed consent, the patient tells
what is going to happen. I couldn’t ask any questions.‖ The nurse does not allow the patient to sign the
health care provider of the situation. Which role is the nurse displaying?
a. Manager
b. Patient educator
c. Patient advocate
d. Clinical nurse specialist
ANS: C
As a patient advocate, the nurse protects the patient’s human and legal rights, including the right of the
procedures before signing permits. Although nurses can be educators, it is the responsibility of the surg
the patient in preparation for surgery, and it is the nurse’s responsibility to notify the health care provid
properly educated. Managers coordinate the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nur
specialists are experts in a specialized area of nursing practice in a variety of settings.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
11. The patient requires routine gynecological services after giving birth to her son, and while seeing the n
asks for a referral to a pediatrician for the newborn. Which action should the nurse-midwife take initial
a. Provide the referral as requested.
b. Offer to provide the newborn care.
c. Refer the patient to the supervising provider.
d. Tell the patient that is not allowed to make referrals.
ANS: B
The practice of nurse-midwifery involves providing independent care for women during normal pregna
well as care for the newborn. After being apprised of the midwifery role, if the patient insists on seeing
nurse-midwife should provide the referral. The supervising provider is an obstetric provider, not a pedi
can make referrals.
DIF: Analyze (analysis)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
, ANS: B
The nurse practice acts regulate the scope of nursing practice and protect public health, safety, and wel
nurse, provider, or hospital.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
14. A bill has been submitted to the State House of Representatives that is designed to reduce the cost of he
patient-to-nurse ratio from a maximum of 2:1 in intensive care units to 3:1. What should the nurse reali
a. Legislation is politics beyond the nurse’s control.
b. National programs have no bearing on state politics.
c. The individual nurse can influence legislative decisions.
d. Focusing on nursing care provides the best patient benefit.
ANS: C
Nurses can influence policy decisions at all governmental levels. One way is to get involved by particip
efforts. This effort is critical in exerting nurses’ influence early in the political process. Legislation is n
control. National program can have bearing on state politics. The question is focusing on legislation an
nursing care.
DIF: Analyze (analysis)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Management of Care
15. A nurse is using a guide that provides principles of right and wrong to provide care to patients. Which
a. Code of ethics
b. Standards of practice
c. Standards of professional performance
d. Quality and safety education for nurses
ANS: A
The code of ethics is the philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define the principles you will use
patients. The standards of practice describe a competent level of nursing care. The ANA Standards of P
describe a competent level of behavior in the professional role. Quality and safety education for nurses
prepare nurses with the competencies needed to continuously improve the quality of care in their work
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Implementation MSC: Management of Care
16. A graduate of a baccalaureate degree program plans to start working as a registered nurse (RN) in the e
Which action must the nurse take first?
a. Obtain certification for an emergency nurse.
b. Pass the National Council Licensure Examination.
c. Take a course on genomics to provide competent emergency care.
d. Complete the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers Systems.
ANS: B
Currently, in the United States, the most common way to become a registered nurse (RN) is through co
degree or baccalaureate degree program. Graduates of both programs are eligible to take the National C
Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) to become registered nurses in the state in which the
can be obtained after passing the NCLEX and working for the specified amount of time. Genomics is a
the study of all the genes in a person and interactions of these genes with one another and with that per
Consumers can also access Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers Systems (HCAHPS
about patients’ perspectives on hospital care.
groups. These principles often help people determine what is "right" or "wrong" in different situations.
a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and re
dilemmas often arise when an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral prin
there is no clear "right" answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with es
norms. The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.
rules that are created and enforced by institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Eth
an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral principles conflict, or where there is n
issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms. The challenge
and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2. **Ethical Issues in Healthcare**Healthcare is one of
legal issues are particularly pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to m
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor sanita
dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after Nightingale, each contributing to t
own way. Mary Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton f
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of nursing
following?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain exp
assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the
registered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementa
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
MSC: Management of Care
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the
to the obstetrical floor?
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner
ANS: A
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of exp
operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A profi
patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer know
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific care r
patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is
,5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse implementin
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has
budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and
the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learn
evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and
assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and reg
and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse. How
desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurs
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
ANS: B
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and award
of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare gra
findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses suc
groups. These principles often help people determine what is "right" or "wrong" in different situations.
system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and reso
dilemmas often arise when an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral prin
there is no clear "right" answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with es
norms. The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.
Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are particularly pronounced
regularly face situations that require them to make complex
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses Association. W
the nurse receive?
a. Graduate education
b. Inservice education
c. Continuing education
d. Registered nurse education
ANS: C
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospita
professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions. After obtaining a bacc
you can pursue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate
Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or institution
is the education preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education for Nurs
, 9. A nurse has compassion fatigue. What is the nurse experiencing?
a. Lateral violence and intrapersonal conflict
b. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress
c. Short-term grief and single stressor
d. Physical and mental exhaustion
ANS: B
Compassion fatigue is a term used to describe a state of burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Compa
to what is described as lateral violence (nurse-nurse interactions, not intrapersonal). Frequent, intense,
grief and loss places nurses at risk for developing compassion fatigue. Stressors, not a single stressor, c
fatigue. Physical and mental exhaustion describes burnout only.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
groups. These principles often help people determine what is "right" or "wrong" in different
situations. Law, on the other hand, is a system of rules that are created and enforced by
institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and resolve disputes.Ethical dilemmas often
arise when an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral principles
conflict, or where there is no clear "right" answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play
when actions conflict with established laws or legal norms. The challenge arises in balancing
both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.### 2. **Ethical Issues in
Healthcare**Healthcare is one of the sectors where ethical and legal issues are particularly
pronounced. Medical professionals regularly face situations that require them to make
complex
10. A patient is scheduled for surgery. When getting ready to obtain the informed consent, the patient tells
what is going to happen. I couldn’t ask any questions.‖ The nurse does not allow the patient to sign the
health care provider of the situation. Which role is the nurse displaying?
a. Manager
b. Patient educator
c. Patient advocate
d. Clinical nurse specialist
ANS: C
As a patient advocate, the nurse protects the patient’s human and legal rights, including the right of the
procedures before signing permits. Although nurses can be educators, it is the responsibility of the surg
the patient in preparation for surgery, and it is the nurse’s responsibility to notify the health care provid
properly educated. Managers coordinate the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nur
specialists are experts in a specialized area of nursing practice in a variety of settings.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
11. The patient requires routine gynecological services after giving birth to her son, and while seeing the n
asks for a referral to a pediatrician for the newborn. Which action should the nurse-midwife take initial
a. Provide the referral as requested.
b. Offer to provide the newborn care.
c. Refer the patient to the supervising provider.
d. Tell the patient that is not allowed to make referrals.
ANS: B
The practice of nurse-midwifery involves providing independent care for women during normal pregna
well as care for the newborn. After being apprised of the midwifery role, if the patient insists on seeing
nurse-midwife should provide the referral. The supervising provider is an obstetric provider, not a pedi
can make referrals.
DIF: Analyze (analysis)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
, ANS: B
The nurse practice acts regulate the scope of nursing practice and protect public health, safety, and wel
nurse, provider, or hospital.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
14. A bill has been submitted to the State House of Representatives that is designed to reduce the cost of he
patient-to-nurse ratio from a maximum of 2:1 in intensive care units to 3:1. What should the nurse reali
a. Legislation is politics beyond the nurse’s control.
b. National programs have no bearing on state politics.
c. The individual nurse can influence legislative decisions.
d. Focusing on nursing care provides the best patient benefit.
ANS: C
Nurses can influence policy decisions at all governmental levels. One way is to get involved by particip
efforts. This effort is critical in exerting nurses’ influence early in the political process. Legislation is n
control. National program can have bearing on state politics. The question is focusing on legislation an
nursing care.
DIF: Analyze (analysis)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Management of Care
15. A nurse is using a guide that provides principles of right and wrong to provide care to patients. Which
a. Code of ethics
b. Standards of practice
c. Standards of professional performance
d. Quality and safety education for nurses
ANS: A
The code of ethics is the philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define the principles you will use
patients. The standards of practice describe a competent level of nursing care. The ANA Standards of P
describe a competent level of behavior in the professional role. Quality and safety education for nurses
prepare nurses with the competencies needed to continuously improve the quality of care in their work
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Implementation MSC: Management of Care
16. A graduate of a baccalaureate degree program plans to start working as a registered nurse (RN) in the e
Which action must the nurse take first?
a. Obtain certification for an emergency nurse.
b. Pass the National Council Licensure Examination.
c. Take a course on genomics to provide competent emergency care.
d. Complete the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers Systems.
ANS: B
Currently, in the United States, the most common way to become a registered nurse (RN) is through co
degree or baccalaureate degree program. Graduates of both programs are eligible to take the National C
Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) to become registered nurses in the state in which the
can be obtained after passing the NCLEX and working for the specified amount of time. Genomics is a
the study of all the genes in a person and interactions of these genes with one another and with that per
Consumers can also access Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers Systems (HCAHPS
about patients’ perspectives on hospital care.
groups. These principles often help people determine what is "right" or "wrong" in different situations.
a system of rules that are created and enforced by institutions to regulate behavior, ensure order, and re
dilemmas often arise when an individual or organization faces a situation in which different moral prin
there is no clear "right" answer. Legal issues, meanwhile, come into play when actions conflict with es
norms. The challenge arises in balancing both ethical and legal considerations when making decisions.
