NUR529 Module 1: Chapter 4-6 Questions and
correct Answers 100% | A+ Graded
Stable DNA molecule - CORRECT ANSWER --Contains the information needed for control of cell
structure and function
Every cell in the body contains the same genetic information BUT... - CORRECT ANSWER --Each
cell type uses only a portion depending on its specific structure and function.
Four bases making up the alphabet of the genetic code - CORRECT ANSWER --Adenine
-Cytosine
-Guanine
-Thymine
Transcription creates a... - CORRECT ANSWER -complimentary mrna copy
Somatic cells - CORRECT ANSWER -any cell in the body other than reproductive cells (egg and
sperm)
Germ cells - CORRECT ANSWER -egg and sperm
DNA mutations - CORRECT ANSWER --Substitution of one base pair for another, the loss or
addition of one or more base pairs, or rearrangements of base pairs
-Occur spontaneously; whereas, others occur because of environmental agents, chemicals, and
radiation
,-May arise in somatic cells or in germ cells
•Germ cell mutations can be inherited.
Germline mutation - CORRECT ANSWER -occurs in a sperm cell or an egg cell and is passed
directly from parent to child at the time of conception. Because the mutation affects
reproductive cells, it can pass from generation to generation.
Mrna - CORRECT ANSWER --Forms a template for protein synthesis
-> gives the blueprint to the rrna to build the protein
Trna - CORRECT ANSWER --Delivers the activated form of amino acids to protein molecules in
the ribosomes
Rrna - CORRECT ANSWER --Involves the physical structure in the cytoplasm where protein
synthesis takes place
Genes _________ proteins, and __________ dictate cell function - CORRECT ANSWER -encode;
proteins
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER -DNA to RNA
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER -RNA to protein
2 types of transcription factors - CORRECT ANSWER -induction: an important process by which
gene expression is increased
, Gene repression: a process by which a regulatory gene acts to reduce or prevent gene
expression
Structural genes - CORRECT ANSWER -genes that code for proteins in the body needed for
structure or function-> tells proteins what to do inside the cell
You can remember that structural genes code for physical things inside cells, tells enzymes
when to speed up reactions etc.
Regulatory genes - CORRECT ANSWER --Serve a regulatory function without stipulating the
structure of protein molecules
Code for protein products that control other genes, instead of making structures of their own.
Regulatory genes code for proteins that act like switches, turning other genes on or off
Autosomes - CORRECT ANSWER --22 pairs of chromosomes alike in males and females
Sex chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER --Make up the 23rd pair, determining the sex of a person
•All males have an X and a Y chromosome.
•All females have two X chromosomes.
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER --Occurs in somatic cells
•Results in the formation of 22 pairs of chromosomes
correct Answers 100% | A+ Graded
Stable DNA molecule - CORRECT ANSWER --Contains the information needed for control of cell
structure and function
Every cell in the body contains the same genetic information BUT... - CORRECT ANSWER --Each
cell type uses only a portion depending on its specific structure and function.
Four bases making up the alphabet of the genetic code - CORRECT ANSWER --Adenine
-Cytosine
-Guanine
-Thymine
Transcription creates a... - CORRECT ANSWER -complimentary mrna copy
Somatic cells - CORRECT ANSWER -any cell in the body other than reproductive cells (egg and
sperm)
Germ cells - CORRECT ANSWER -egg and sperm
DNA mutations - CORRECT ANSWER --Substitution of one base pair for another, the loss or
addition of one or more base pairs, or rearrangements of base pairs
-Occur spontaneously; whereas, others occur because of environmental agents, chemicals, and
radiation
,-May arise in somatic cells or in germ cells
•Germ cell mutations can be inherited.
Germline mutation - CORRECT ANSWER -occurs in a sperm cell or an egg cell and is passed
directly from parent to child at the time of conception. Because the mutation affects
reproductive cells, it can pass from generation to generation.
Mrna - CORRECT ANSWER --Forms a template for protein synthesis
-> gives the blueprint to the rrna to build the protein
Trna - CORRECT ANSWER --Delivers the activated form of amino acids to protein molecules in
the ribosomes
Rrna - CORRECT ANSWER --Involves the physical structure in the cytoplasm where protein
synthesis takes place
Genes _________ proteins, and __________ dictate cell function - CORRECT ANSWER -encode;
proteins
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER -DNA to RNA
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER -RNA to protein
2 types of transcription factors - CORRECT ANSWER -induction: an important process by which
gene expression is increased
, Gene repression: a process by which a regulatory gene acts to reduce or prevent gene
expression
Structural genes - CORRECT ANSWER -genes that code for proteins in the body needed for
structure or function-> tells proteins what to do inside the cell
You can remember that structural genes code for physical things inside cells, tells enzymes
when to speed up reactions etc.
Regulatory genes - CORRECT ANSWER --Serve a regulatory function without stipulating the
structure of protein molecules
Code for protein products that control other genes, instead of making structures of their own.
Regulatory genes code for proteins that act like switches, turning other genes on or off
Autosomes - CORRECT ANSWER --22 pairs of chromosomes alike in males and females
Sex chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER --Make up the 23rd pair, determining the sex of a person
•All males have an X and a Y chromosome.
•All females have two X chromosomes.
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER --Occurs in somatic cells
•Results in the formation of 22 pairs of chromosomes
