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Terms in this set (175)
built remarkable cities in the rain forests of the
Mayas Yucatan Peninsula (present-day Guatemala, Belize,
and southern Mexico).
Aztecs were dominating Mexico and Central America,
based in Peru developed a vast empire in South
Incas
America.
, 1. All three civilizations developed highly
organized societies, carried on an extensive
trade, and
Cultures of Central and
created calendars that were based on accurate
South America
scientific observations.
2.All three cultivated crops that provided a
stable food supply, particularly corn (maize) for
the Mayas
and Aztecs and potatoes for the Incas.
1. American Indian languages
constituted more than 20 language families.
2. Among the largest of these were
Language
Algonquian in the Northeast, Siouan on the Great
Plains, and
Athabaskan in the Southwest. Together, these 20
families included more than 400 distinct languages.
1. Pueblos evolved multifaceted societies
supported by farming with irrigation systems. they
lived in caves, under cliffs, and in multistoried
buildings. By the time Europeans arrived, extreme
Southwest Settlements
drought and other hostile natives had taken their
toll on these groups.
2. Their life was preserved in the arid land
and their stone and masonry dwellings.
, 1. people lived in permanent longhouses
or plank houses.
2. They had a rich diet based on hunting,
fishing, and gathering nuts, berries, and roots.
Northwest Settlements
3.To save stories, legends, and myths, they
carved large totem poles. The high mountain
ranges in this region isolated tribes from one
another, creating
barriers to development.
1. either nomadic hunters or sedentary
people who farmed and traded.
2. The nomadic tribes survived on hunting,
principally the buffalo, which supplied their food as
well as decorations, crafting tools, knives, and
clothing.
3.They lived in tepees, frames of poles covered
in animal skins, which were easily disassembled
and transported. While the farming tribes also
Great Plains
hunted buffalo, they lived permanently in earthen
lodges often along rivers.
4. Not until the 17th century did American
Indians acquire horses by trading or stealing
them from Spanish settlers.
5.The plains tribes would at times merge or
split apart as conditions changed. Migration
also was common. For example, the Apaches
gradually migrated southward from Canada
to Texas.
, 1. prospered with a rich food supply.
Supported by hunting, fishing, and agriculture,
many permanent settlements developed in the
Midwest Settlements
Mississippi and Ohio River valleys and
elsewhere.
2.famous for the large earthen mounds it created,
some as large as 300 feet long.
1. Their culture combined hunting and
farming. However, their farming techniques
exhausted the soil quickly, so people had to
Northeast Settlements
move to fresh land frequently.
2.the Iroquois were a powerful force, battling rival
American Indians as well as Europeans.
a political union of five independent tribes who
lived in the Mohawk Valley of New York. The five
Iroquois Confederation
tribes were the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga,
Oneida, and Mohawk.
Until the late 1400s, Americans and the people of
Europe Moves Toward
Europe, Africa, and Asia had no knowledge of the
Exploration
people on the other side of the Atlantic
Ocean.