NSG 6440 – Family Nurse Practitioner
Primary Care of Adolescents and Children
Final Exam Practice Questions
Questions 1–50
1. A 6-month-old infant presents with a barking cough and inspiratory stridor. The most
likely diagnosis is:
✅ A) Croup
B) Epiglottitis
C) Bronchiolitis
D) Foreign body aspiration
2. Which vaccine is first administered at birth?
✅ A) Hepatitis B
B) Rotavirus
C) MMR
D) Varicella
3. A 5-year-old with sudden onset of sore throat, drooling, and tripod positioning requires
immediate evaluation for:
✅ A) Epiglottitis
B) Croup
C) Strep pharyngitis
D) Asthma
4. A child with vesicular lesions on hands, feet, and oral mucosa likely has:
✅ A) Hand, foot, and mouth disease
B) Varicella
C) Herpes simplex
D) Impetigo
5. First-line treatment for mild persistent asthma in a school-age child includes:
✅ A) Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid
,B) Oral prednisone
C) Montelukast monotherapy
D) LABA monotherapy
6. A 2-year-old has bilateral otalgia, bulging TM, and fever. Diagnosis:
✅ A) Acute otitis media
B) Otitis externa
C) Serous otitis media
D) Mastoiditis
7. Which organism most commonly causes bacterial pharyngitis in children?
✅ A) Group A Streptococcus
B) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C) Epstein-Barr virus
D) Haemophilus influenzae
8. Which is a contraindication to live attenuated influenza vaccine?
✅ A) History of asthma
B) Age >2 years
C) No chronic illness
D) Prior receipt of inactivated vaccine
9. Appropriate antibiotic for strep pharyngitis in penicillin-allergic child:
✅ A) Azithromycin
B) Amoxicillin
C) Cephalexin
D) Dicloxacillin
10. What developmental milestone is expected at 9 months?
✅ A) Pulls to stand
B) Copies a circle
C) Says two-word sentences
D) Hops on one foot
,11. A child with a sandpaper rash and strawberry tongue likely has:
✅ A) Scarlet fever
B) Kawasaki disease
C) Rubella
D) Roseola
12. The first permanent tooth usually erupts at age:
✅ A) 6 years
B) 3 years
C) 9 years
D) 12 years
13. A 4-year-old with limping and refusal to bear weight post-viral illness likely has:
✅ A) Transient synovitis
B) Septic arthritis
C) Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
D) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
14. The most common cause of acute bronchiolitis is:
✅ A) RSV
B) Influenza A
C) Adenovirus
D) Parainfluenza
15. An 18-month-old with no words and no pointing should be evaluated for:
✅ A) Autism spectrum disorder
B) Stuttering
C) ADHD
D) Selective mutism
16. What is the appropriate treatment for fifth disease (erythema infectiosum)?
✅ A) Supportive care
B) Acyclovir
C) Amoxicillin
D) Prednisone
, 17. What is the first-line treatment for moderate dehydration in a 2-year-old?
✅ A) Oral rehydration therapy
B) IV fluids immediately
C) Antiemetic injection
D) Hospital admission
18. Which of the following is a sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip?
✅ A) Positive Ortolani test
B) Babinski reflex
C) Moro reflex
D) Brudzinski sign
19. In an adolescent female with secondary amenorrhea, first step is:
✅ A) Pregnancy test
B) TSH
C) Prolactin level
D) Bone age
20. A 10-year-old with polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss should be screened for:
✅ A) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
B) SIADH
C) Diabetes insipidus
D) Cushing syndrome
21. Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?
✅ A) MMR
B) Tdap
C) Inactivated influenza
D) Hepatitis B
22. The first-line treatment for lice infestation:
✅ A) Permethrin 1% cream rinse
B) Ivermectin oral
Primary Care of Adolescents and Children
Final Exam Practice Questions
Questions 1–50
1. A 6-month-old infant presents with a barking cough and inspiratory stridor. The most
likely diagnosis is:
✅ A) Croup
B) Epiglottitis
C) Bronchiolitis
D) Foreign body aspiration
2. Which vaccine is first administered at birth?
✅ A) Hepatitis B
B) Rotavirus
C) MMR
D) Varicella
3. A 5-year-old with sudden onset of sore throat, drooling, and tripod positioning requires
immediate evaluation for:
✅ A) Epiglottitis
B) Croup
C) Strep pharyngitis
D) Asthma
4. A child with vesicular lesions on hands, feet, and oral mucosa likely has:
✅ A) Hand, foot, and mouth disease
B) Varicella
C) Herpes simplex
D) Impetigo
5. First-line treatment for mild persistent asthma in a school-age child includes:
✅ A) Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid
,B) Oral prednisone
C) Montelukast monotherapy
D) LABA monotherapy
6. A 2-year-old has bilateral otalgia, bulging TM, and fever. Diagnosis:
✅ A) Acute otitis media
B) Otitis externa
C) Serous otitis media
D) Mastoiditis
7. Which organism most commonly causes bacterial pharyngitis in children?
✅ A) Group A Streptococcus
B) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C) Epstein-Barr virus
D) Haemophilus influenzae
8. Which is a contraindication to live attenuated influenza vaccine?
✅ A) History of asthma
B) Age >2 years
C) No chronic illness
D) Prior receipt of inactivated vaccine
9. Appropriate antibiotic for strep pharyngitis in penicillin-allergic child:
✅ A) Azithromycin
B) Amoxicillin
C) Cephalexin
D) Dicloxacillin
10. What developmental milestone is expected at 9 months?
✅ A) Pulls to stand
B) Copies a circle
C) Says two-word sentences
D) Hops on one foot
,11. A child with a sandpaper rash and strawberry tongue likely has:
✅ A) Scarlet fever
B) Kawasaki disease
C) Rubella
D) Roseola
12. The first permanent tooth usually erupts at age:
✅ A) 6 years
B) 3 years
C) 9 years
D) 12 years
13. A 4-year-old with limping and refusal to bear weight post-viral illness likely has:
✅ A) Transient synovitis
B) Septic arthritis
C) Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
D) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
14. The most common cause of acute bronchiolitis is:
✅ A) RSV
B) Influenza A
C) Adenovirus
D) Parainfluenza
15. An 18-month-old with no words and no pointing should be evaluated for:
✅ A) Autism spectrum disorder
B) Stuttering
C) ADHD
D) Selective mutism
16. What is the appropriate treatment for fifth disease (erythema infectiosum)?
✅ A) Supportive care
B) Acyclovir
C) Amoxicillin
D) Prednisone
, 17. What is the first-line treatment for moderate dehydration in a 2-year-old?
✅ A) Oral rehydration therapy
B) IV fluids immediately
C) Antiemetic injection
D) Hospital admission
18. Which of the following is a sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip?
✅ A) Positive Ortolani test
B) Babinski reflex
C) Moro reflex
D) Brudzinski sign
19. In an adolescent female with secondary amenorrhea, first step is:
✅ A) Pregnancy test
B) TSH
C) Prolactin level
D) Bone age
20. A 10-year-old with polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss should be screened for:
✅ A) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
B) SIADH
C) Diabetes insipidus
D) Cushing syndrome
21. Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?
✅ A) MMR
B) Tdap
C) Inactivated influenza
D) Hepatitis B
22. The first-line treatment for lice infestation:
✅ A) Permethrin 1% cream rinse
B) Ivermectin oral
