BIO 2301 LAB EXAM #2 QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
how are blood pressure, cardiac output and resistance related? - ANSWER-they are
all homeostatic mechanisms that affect one another, so, when one of these
parameters is changed, the other two can be expected to change as well/ when one
is out of the normal, the other two work together to bring is back to its normal state
how are ventilation, blood pH and oxygen related? - ANSWER-they are all
homeostatic mechanisms that affect one another, so, when one of these parameters
is changed, the other two can be expected to change as well/ when one is out of the
normal, the other two work together to bring is back to its normal state
what are the two cardiovascular parameters that affect blood pressure regulation? -
ANSWER-cardiac output and resistance
cardiac output - ANSWER-rate at which blood is flowing from the heart each minute
what is cardiac output determined by? - ANSWER-stroke volume and heart rate.
how would dynamic exercise differ from static exercise in terms of vascular supply to
the exercising muscles? - ANSWER-dynamic exercise involves primarily aerobic
metabolism, so oxygen is needed. static exercise involves primarily anaerobic
metabolism, so oxygen isn't needed. the vascular supply to the dynamic exercise is
greater than the vascular supply to the static exercise
type A blood contains - ANSWER-anti-B antibodies and the surface antigen A
type B blood contains - ANSWER-anti-A antibodies and the surface antigen B
type AB blood contains - ANSWER-neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies and the
surface antigens A and B
type O blood contains - ANSWER-anti-A and anti-B antibodies and neither surface
antigens A nor B
what are the type blood typing systems? - ANSWER-ABO system and Rh system
ABO system - ANSWER-assesses red blood cells for the presence or absence of
two antigens: the antigen A and the antigen B; antigen A= A blood type, antigen B=
B blood type; both antigen A and B= AB blood type, neither antigen A nor B= type O
blood type
Rh system - ANSWER-based upon the presence or absence of a single antigen
called the Rh antigen or antigen D; positive Rh antigen= Rh positive, no Rh antigen=
Rh negative
, consequences of transfusing two different blood types - ANSWER-the recipients
immune system would recognize the antigen on the blood as foreign and the
immune system would respond to the blood as if it were an invading bacteria and try
to kill it
which blood type is considered the universal donor? - ANSWER-type O blood
tidal lung volume - ANSWER-the volume of air moved in and out of the respiratory
system during resting ventilation
inspiratory reserve volume - ANSWER-the additional volume of air that can be
inhaled beyond a resting inspiration
expiratory reserve volume - ANSWER-the additional volume that can be exhaled
beyond the normal expiration
vital capacity - ANSWER-greatest volume of air that can be moved with a single
breath
total lung volume - ANSWER-the maximum volume that can be in the respiratory
system; equals the vital capacity added to the residual volume
which respiratory volume is the greatest? - ANSWER-total lung volume
which respiratory volume can be calculated by summing of others? - ANSWER-vital
capacity= expiratory reserve + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve
what is intrinsic factor? - ANSWER-a chemical produced in the stomach required for
the absorption of vitamin B12
what are the USDA caloric intake recommendations for carbohydrates? - ANSWER-
45-65%
what are the USDA caloric intake recommendations for proteins? - ANSWER-10-
35%
what are the USDA caloric intake recommendations for fats? - ANSWER-20-35%
which respiratory chemoreceptor(s) have a strong effect on ventilation? - ANSWER-
pH and CO2 chemoreceptor
which respiratory chemoreceptor(s) have a weak effect on ventilation? - ANSWER-
O2 chemoreceptor
respiratory acidosis - ANSWER-decreased pH due to ventilation
respiratory acidosis is caused by - ANSWER-drug induced hypoventilation, COPD
respiratory acidosis carbon dioxide levels and carbonate - ANSWER-CO2= high
HCO3-= high
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
how are blood pressure, cardiac output and resistance related? - ANSWER-they are
all homeostatic mechanisms that affect one another, so, when one of these
parameters is changed, the other two can be expected to change as well/ when one
is out of the normal, the other two work together to bring is back to its normal state
how are ventilation, blood pH and oxygen related? - ANSWER-they are all
homeostatic mechanisms that affect one another, so, when one of these parameters
is changed, the other two can be expected to change as well/ when one is out of the
normal, the other two work together to bring is back to its normal state
what are the two cardiovascular parameters that affect blood pressure regulation? -
ANSWER-cardiac output and resistance
cardiac output - ANSWER-rate at which blood is flowing from the heart each minute
what is cardiac output determined by? - ANSWER-stroke volume and heart rate.
how would dynamic exercise differ from static exercise in terms of vascular supply to
the exercising muscles? - ANSWER-dynamic exercise involves primarily aerobic
metabolism, so oxygen is needed. static exercise involves primarily anaerobic
metabolism, so oxygen isn't needed. the vascular supply to the dynamic exercise is
greater than the vascular supply to the static exercise
type A blood contains - ANSWER-anti-B antibodies and the surface antigen A
type B blood contains - ANSWER-anti-A antibodies and the surface antigen B
type AB blood contains - ANSWER-neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies and the
surface antigens A and B
type O blood contains - ANSWER-anti-A and anti-B antibodies and neither surface
antigens A nor B
what are the type blood typing systems? - ANSWER-ABO system and Rh system
ABO system - ANSWER-assesses red blood cells for the presence or absence of
two antigens: the antigen A and the antigen B; antigen A= A blood type, antigen B=
B blood type; both antigen A and B= AB blood type, neither antigen A nor B= type O
blood type
Rh system - ANSWER-based upon the presence or absence of a single antigen
called the Rh antigen or antigen D; positive Rh antigen= Rh positive, no Rh antigen=
Rh negative
, consequences of transfusing two different blood types - ANSWER-the recipients
immune system would recognize the antigen on the blood as foreign and the
immune system would respond to the blood as if it were an invading bacteria and try
to kill it
which blood type is considered the universal donor? - ANSWER-type O blood
tidal lung volume - ANSWER-the volume of air moved in and out of the respiratory
system during resting ventilation
inspiratory reserve volume - ANSWER-the additional volume of air that can be
inhaled beyond a resting inspiration
expiratory reserve volume - ANSWER-the additional volume that can be exhaled
beyond the normal expiration
vital capacity - ANSWER-greatest volume of air that can be moved with a single
breath
total lung volume - ANSWER-the maximum volume that can be in the respiratory
system; equals the vital capacity added to the residual volume
which respiratory volume is the greatest? - ANSWER-total lung volume
which respiratory volume can be calculated by summing of others? - ANSWER-vital
capacity= expiratory reserve + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve
what is intrinsic factor? - ANSWER-a chemical produced in the stomach required for
the absorption of vitamin B12
what are the USDA caloric intake recommendations for carbohydrates? - ANSWER-
45-65%
what are the USDA caloric intake recommendations for proteins? - ANSWER-10-
35%
what are the USDA caloric intake recommendations for fats? - ANSWER-20-35%
which respiratory chemoreceptor(s) have a strong effect on ventilation? - ANSWER-
pH and CO2 chemoreceptor
which respiratory chemoreceptor(s) have a weak effect on ventilation? - ANSWER-
O2 chemoreceptor
respiratory acidosis - ANSWER-decreased pH due to ventilation
respiratory acidosis is caused by - ANSWER-drug induced hypoventilation, COPD
respiratory acidosis carbon dioxide levels and carbonate - ANSWER-CO2= high
HCO3-= high
