GLYCOLYSIS
, GLYCOLYSIS
------ Anaerobic metabolism of glucose
,INTRODUCTION
All cells can carry out glycolysis. In a few tissues, most importantly
blood cells, glycolysis represents the only energy-yielding pathway
available. Glucose is the major monosaccharide that enters the
pathway, but others such as galactose and fructose can also be use
The first steps in glucose metabolism in any cell are transport acros
the membrane and phosphorylation by kinase enzymes inside the
to prevent it from leaving via the transporter.
, GLUCOSE TRANSPORT
• Glucose cannot diffuse directly into cells, but enters by one of two
transport mechanisms viz
Na+-independent facilitated diffusion transport: This system of
transport is mediated by a family (isoforms) of at least fourteen
glucose transporters in cell membranes designated GLUT-1 to GLUT
Na+-monosaccharide cotransporter system: This is an energy-
requiring process that transports glucose “against” a concentration
gradient. This system is a carrier-mediated process in which the
movement of glucose is coupled to the concentration gradient of N
which is transported into the cell at the same time
, GLYCOLYSIS
------ Anaerobic metabolism of glucose
,INTRODUCTION
All cells can carry out glycolysis. In a few tissues, most importantly
blood cells, glycolysis represents the only energy-yielding pathway
available. Glucose is the major monosaccharide that enters the
pathway, but others such as galactose and fructose can also be use
The first steps in glucose metabolism in any cell are transport acros
the membrane and phosphorylation by kinase enzymes inside the
to prevent it from leaving via the transporter.
, GLUCOSE TRANSPORT
• Glucose cannot diffuse directly into cells, but enters by one of two
transport mechanisms viz
Na+-independent facilitated diffusion transport: This system of
transport is mediated by a family (isoforms) of at least fourteen
glucose transporters in cell membranes designated GLUT-1 to GLUT
Na+-monosaccharide cotransporter system: This is an energy-
requiring process that transports glucose “against” a concentration
gradient. This system is a carrier-mediated process in which the
movement of glucose is coupled to the concentration gradient of N
which is transported into the cell at the same time
