REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS ) ALREADY
GRADED A+| GUARANTEED SUCCESS!!
A 22-year-old female who is currently taking daily oral
contraceptive pills would
like to switch to a longer-acting contraceptive method. To
avoid a gap in
contraception, which one of the following would be
most appropriate?
A. If switching to medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera),
administer the first shot 3 days before stopping the pill
B. If switching to the etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring
(NuvaRing), insert the ring 5 days before stopping the pill
C. If switching to the norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol
transdermal patch
(Xulane), start the patch the day after stopping the pill
D. If switching to the etonogestrel implant (Nexplanon) or the
levonorgestrel IUD
(Mirena), insert the device on the day the pill is stopped
,E. If switching to the copper IUD (Paragard), the IUD can be
inserted up to 5 days after stopping the pill - ANSWER-
ANSWER: E
Approximately one in five women (22.4%) change their
contraceptive method within the first 6 months after initiation.
Given that unintended pregnancy can occur during a gap in
contraception, it is important to counsel patients about the
transition and manage their switch effectively. The safest way
to switch from one birth control to the next is by having no
gaps and using condoms or spermicide for the first 7 days.
The medroxyprogesterone acetate injection reaches full
efficacy 7 days after
initiation. Women switching to this contraceptive
method from oral
contraceptives should continue using the
pill for 7 days.
Hormones in the etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring are
rapidly absorbed,
so women switching from an oral contraceptive should have
the ring inserted
one day before they take the
last pill.
,Hormone levels take 48 hours to reach a plateau after a woman
applies her first
norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol transdermal patch. When
switching from a pill to
a patch, a 2-day overlap prevents a decline in hormone
levels, so women
should start the patch the day before they take
the last pill.
Etonogestrel, the hormone in the subdermal implant, reaches
peak serum levels
in 4 days. Women who switch from oral contraceptives to the
implant should
continue taking the pill for 4 days after insertion
of the implant.
The levonorgestrel IUD takes 7 days to produce peak hormone
concentrations. When switching from oral contraceptives, this
IUD can be inserted up to 5 days after stopping the pill. The
copper IUD becomes effective immediately upon insertion and
also prevents pregnancy via spermicidal mechanisms up to 5
days
after unprotected sexual intercourse. Similar to the
levonorgestrel IUD, it can be
, inserted within 5 days of
stopping the pill.
You are seeing a 52-year-old transgender woman for an initial
visit. She describes herself as overall healthy and her only
medications are spironolactone (Aldactone) and estradiol
(Estrace), which she has been taking since age 26. She does
not have a family history of cancer. Which one of the following
approaches to breast cancer screening for this patient is most
consistent with current guidelines?
A. No screening for breast cancer
B. A clinician-performed breast examination annually
C. Mammography every 2 years
D. Ultrasonography every 2 years
E. MRI every 2 years - ANSWER-ANSWER: C
Exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancer, and
transgender women who take feminizing hormones should be
considered for breast cancer screening. Current guidelines for
breast cancer screening in transgender women are based on
retrospective studies, and, similar to guidelines for cisgender
women, are not the same across specialty organizations. The
Society of Breast Imaging recommends annual mammography
starting at age 40 (with no specified duration of hormone
exposure), while the UCSF Center of Excellence for