WGU Academy Intro to Psychology FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION

WGU Academy Intro to Psychology FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION 1. What type of Therapeutic drug is Xanax - ANSWER Antianxiety 2. Who was a key figure in the development of Psychoanalysis - ANSWER Freud 3. A 50-year-old person who has not ridden a bicycle since childhood gets on a bicycle and rides effortlessly without even thinking about it. What type of memory is being used in this situation? - ANSWER Implicit Memory 4. A firefighter hears the station alarm each time a fire is reported. Later, while fighting the fire, the firefighter's heart is racing. According to Pavlov, which learned association is most likely to develop in this scenario? - ANSWER The firefighter learns to react with the same emotion of the fire as hearing the alarm 5. Attraction includes three psychological determinants. Physical attractiveness and repeated contact are two. What is the third determinant? - ANSWER Similarity 6. A person makes a donation to a charity because it feels good. The person also receives a thank-you gift and positive attention from peers. What explains this person's decision to donate? - ANSWER Social exchange theory 7. According to Freud, which concept is a component of the id? A. Moral Compass B. Pleasure principle C. Reality Principle D. Problem Solving - ANSWER B. Pleasure Principle 8. Suppose there is a positive correlation between age and life satisfaction. What conclusion does the correlation support? - ANSWER As age increases the level of life satisfaction also increases. 9. What did Carl Rogers say was necessary for a growth-promoting environment? - ANSWER Unconditional positive regard 10. A patient regularly hears two voices conversing with each other and reports that the voices are being controlled by the CIA. The patient's speech has grown increasingly irrelevant to the situation. The patient bathes infrequently and demonstrates a reduced range of emotional expressiveness. Which mental disorder is the patient most likely suffering from? - ANSWER schizophrenia 11. What is most commonly treated with antipsychotic medications? - ANSWER schizophrenia 12. Using Aaron Beck's theory, a therapist focuses on how patterns of thinking influence the feelings a client experiences in reaction to an event in the client's life. The therapist seeks to help the client understand how the emotional response results from the client's interpretation of the event. Which theoretical orientation is this? A. Behavioral B. Humanistic C. Mindfulness D. Cognitive - ANSWER D. Cognitive 13. Who was a key figure in the development of the behaviorist school of psychological thought? - ANSWER B.F. Skinner 14. A patient reports experiencing intense periods of discomfort over the past month. These incidents developed abruptly and generally persist for approximately 15 minutes. The patient notes an accelerated heart rate, shortness of breath, dizziness, intense chest pain, and a fear of dying during such episodes. The patient was examined by a physician, who determined that a heart attack was not the cause of these symptoms. The patient now experiences persistent concern about having additional episodes. Which mental disorder is the patient most likely suffering from? - ANSWER Panic Disorder 15. Which type of therapeutic drug is bipolar disorder commonly treated with? - ANSWER Mood Stabilizer 16. Which type of therapy is based on the belief that an individual's interpretation of events is what causes unhappiness, rather than unhappiness being caused by the actual events? - ANSWER Rational-emotive therapy 17. What would a learning theorist characterize as an operantly conditioned behavior? A. Having a fear of crowded places B. Using oven mitts after burning hand on hot stove C. Knowing the appropriate attire for a formal event D. Having a fear of speaking in front of large audiences - ANSWER B. using oven mitts after burning hand on hot stove 18. Which theorist claims that personality derives from sexually charged subconscious forces? - ANSWER Freud 19. Which part of the brain is responsible for memory? - ANSWER Hippocampus 20. In Pavlov's original demonstration of classical conditioning, what did the dog's salivation to the ringing of the bell represent? - ANSWER Conditioned Response 21. Which type of therapeutic drug is Prozac? - ANSWER Antidepression 22. Franco has been away from his hometown in Italy for more than 30 years, but he can still paint it from memory with impressive accuracy. Which memory is Franco using? - ANSWER Long-term memory 23. What does the cerebellum influence? - ANSWER Balance and fine motor skills 24. Which component of the nervous system is integral in activating the body's fight-or-flight response? - ANSWER Sympathetic nervous system 25. Neural impulses are able to travel the neural pathways with assistance from chemicals called neurotransmitters. What is the function of the neurotransmitter serotonin? - ANSWER It affects the mood 26. Which structure is closely associated with reproduction in males? - ANSWER Testes 27. What kind of disorder is is bipolar disorder? - ANSWER Mood disorder 28. During a college's spirit week, students are arbitrarily assigned to two teams for a series of competitive activities. Two friends are placed on separate teams and find their friendship strains during the competition. Which phenomenon accounts for this strain? - ANSWER Outgroup Bias 29. Which belief illustrates situational attribution? A. When a vehicle suddenly moves in front of another car, the driver must have had an emergency. B. When a friend loses a job, it means the friend must be incompetent and lazy. C. Celebrities are successful because they are inherently good people. D. Lottery winners must have some special ability that causes them to win. - ANSWER A. When a vehicle suddenly moves in front of another car, the driver must have had an emergency. 30. A company's research department is under strong pressure to solve an urgent problem with one of the company's products. In their urgency, the department's executives decide to focus on one possible solution and refuse to consider alternatives. Which dynamic does this scenario best illustrate? A. Altruism B. Groupthink C. Diffusion of Responsibility D. Group polarization - ANSWER B. Groupthink 31. How can psychological researchers reduce the impact of their own biases? A. By collecting all the data from experiments before running the statistics B. By examining data from a series of observations and looking for trends C. By looking back after the study has been completed and judging its merits D. By accepting conclusions if they appear intuitive - ANSWER A. By collecting all the data from experiments before running the statistics 32. Deppression - ANSWER A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness 33. mood disorders - ANSWER psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. Bipolar depression 34. anxity disorder - ANSWER Excessive anxiety 35. Phobias - ANSWER irrational fears of specific objects or situations 36. Schizophrenia - ANSWER a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions 37. eating disorders - ANSWER anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder 38. agoraphobia - ANSWER fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic 39. social phobia - ANSWER a disorder that involves an irrational fear of being publicly humiliated or embarrassed 40. Obsessions vs compulsions - ANSWER Obsessions are thoughts, compulsions are behaviors. 41. Obsessions - ANSWER Contamination, repeated doubts, and need to have thing in certain order 42. compulsions - ANSWER Repeated Washing, counting, ordering things 43. positive symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER Schizophrenic symptoms that involve behavioral excesses or peculiarities, such as hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, and wild flights of ideas. 44. negative symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER the absence of appropriate behaviors (expressionless faces, rigid bodies) 45. 3 clusters of personality disorders - ANSWER odd/eccentric, dramatic/erratic, anxious/inhibited 46. 3 levels of analysis in psychology - ANSWER brain, person, group 47. Diathesis - ANSWER a vulnerability or predisposition to developing a disorder 48. diathesis-stress model - ANSWER a diagnostic model that proposes that a disorder may develop when an underlying vulnerability is coupled with a precipitating event(stress) 49. biopsychosocial approach - ANSWER an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis 50. Humanistic Perspective - ANSWER the psychological view that assumes the existence of the self and emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and the freedom to make choices 51. Behavioral - ANSWER perspective on psychology that sees psychology as an objective science without reference to mental states 52. cognitive - ANSWER Helps pts think realistically to interpret distressing events 53. cognitive behavioral therapy - ANSWER a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior) 54. EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) - ANSWER having people imagine traumatic scents or images and using a finger to trigger eye movements 55. exposure therapy - ANSWER An approach to treatment that involves confronting an emotion-arousing stimulus directly and repeatedly, ultimately leading to a decrease in the emotional response 56. exposure with response prevention - ANSWER a behavioral technique in which a patient is carefully prevented from engaging in his or her usual maladaptive response after being exposed to a stimulus that usually elicits the response 57. stimulus control - ANSWER When an operant behavior is controlled by a stimulus that precedes it. 58. Behavior modification - ANSWER the use of operant conditioning techniques to bring about desired changes in behavior 59. central nervous system - ANSWER Brain and spinal cord, flexible rope of neurons and their connections that run inside the backbone 60. Sympathetic nervous system - ANSWER Prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations, "speeds things up" 61. parasympathetic nervous system - ANSWER Counteracts the effects of the sympathetic nervous system; "rest and digest" system "slows things down" 62. somatic nervous system - ANSWER Carries information form the skin, sensory organs, skeletal muscles, joints, and internal organs, to the central nervous system; directs voluntary movements. 63. CBT - ANSWER Validates the client's experience and encourages the client to develop non-judgmental approach to life, as well as to accept things as they are 64. SSRI - ANSWER Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil only work on selective serotonin receptors 65. SNRI - ANSWER Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, Serzone, Effexor and Remeron affects both serotonin and norepinephrine 66. medications for anxiety - ANSWER Benzodiazepines, Alprazolm (xanax), Lorazepam (Atavan), and Clonazepam (Klonopin) 67. medications for schizophernia - ANSWER Thorazine, Haldol, Risperdal 68. medications for depression - ANSWER Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil 69. What is sensation? - ANSWER the result of neural responses that occur after physical energy or other elements in the environment stimulate a receptor cell and before the stimulus is organized and interpreted by the brain 70. What is perception? - ANSWER Happens in two steps: first when the info conveyed by sensory signals is organized into characteristics of objects or events. Second when the signals are then interpreted, such as by identifying the object or sound 71. What is top down processing? - ANSWER processing that is guided by knowledge, expectation, or belief 72. What is bottom-up processing? - ANSWER processing that is triggered by physical energy striking receptor cells 73. Define absolute threshold - ANSWER the magnitude of the stimulus needed, on average, for an observer to detect if half the time it is present 74. Define Cocktail Party Phenomenon - ANSWER the effect of not being aware of other people's conversations until your own name is mentioned, then, you suddenly hear it